第 35 节
作者:
天净沙 更新:2022-05-01 22:41 字数:9314
that sect。 The difficulty then was; how to avoid having two of some other
sect; by means of the new choice。
Several persons were named; and for that reason not agreed to。 At
length one mention'd me; with the observation that I was merely an honest
man; and of no sect at all; which prevail'd with them to chuse me。 The
enthusiasm which existed when the house was built had long since abated;
and its trustees had not been able to procure fresh contributions for paying
the ground…rent; and discharging some other debts the building had
occasion'd; which embarrass'd them greatly。 Being now a member of both
setts of trustees; that for the building and that for the Academy; I had a
good opportunity of negotiating with both; and brought them finally to an
agreement; by which the trustees for the building were to cede it to those
of the academy; the latter undertaking to discharge the debt; to keep for
ever open in the building a large hall for occasional preachers; according
to the original intention; and maintain a free… school for the instruction of
poor children。 Writings were accordingly drawn; and on paying the debts
the trustees of the academy were put in possession of the premises; and by
dividing the great and lofty hall into stories; and different rooms above
and below for the several schools; and purchasing some additional ground;
the whole was soon made fit for our purpose; and the scholars remov'd
into the building。 The care and trouble of agreeing with the workmen;
purchasing materials; and superintending the work; fell upon me; and I
went thro' it the more cheerfully; as it did not then interfere with my
private business; having the year before taken a very able; industrious; and
honest partner; Mr。 David Hall; with whose character I was well
acquainted; as he had work'd for me four years。 He took off my hands all
110
… Page 111…
THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
care of the printing…office; paying me punctually my share of the profits。
This partnership continued eighteen years; successfully for us both。
The trustees of the academy; after a while; were incorporated by a
charter from the governor; their funds were increas'd by contributions in
Britain and grants of land from the proprietaries; to which the Assembly
has since made considerable addition; and thus was established the present
University of Philadelphia。 I have been continued one of its trustees from
the beginning; now near forty years; and have had the very great pleasure
of seeing a number of the youth who have receiv'd their education in it;
distinguish'd by their improv'd abilities; serviceable in public stations and
ornaments to their country。
When I disengaged myself; as above mentioned; from private business;
I flatter'd myself that; by the sufficient tho' moderate fortune I had acquir'd;
I had secured leisure during the rest of my life for philosophical studies
and amusements。 I purchased all Dr。 Spence's apparatus; who had come
from England to lecture here; and I proceeded in my electrical experiments
with great alacrity; but the publick; now considering me as a man of
leisure; laid hold of me for their purposes; every part of our civil
government; and almost at the same time; imposing some duty upon me。
The governor put me into the commission of the peace; the corporation of
the city chose me of the common council; and soon after an alderman; and
the citizens at large chose me a burgess to represent them in Assembly。
This latter station was the more agreeable to me; as I was at length tired
with sitting there to hear debates; in which; as clerk; I could take no part;
and which were often so unentertaining that I was induc'd to amuse myself
with making magic squares or circles; or any thing to avoid weariness; and
I conceiv'd my becoming a member would enlarge my power of doing
good。 I would not; however; insinuate that my ambition was not flatter'd
by all these promotions; it certainly was; for; considering my low
beginning; they were great things to me; and they were still more pleasing;
as being so many spontaneous testimonies of the public good opinion; and
by me entirely unsolicited。
The office of justice of the peace I try'd a little; by attending a few
courts; and sitting on the bench to hear causes; but finding that more
111
… Page 112…
THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
knowledge of the common law than I possess'd was necessary to act in
that station with credit; I gradually withdrew from it; excusing myself by
my being oblig'd to attend the higher duties of a legislator in the Assembly。
My election to this trust was repeated every year for ten years; without my
ever asking any elector for his vote; or signifying; either directly or
indirectly; any desire of being chosen。 On taking my seat in the House; my
son was appointed their clerk。
The year following; a treaty being to be held with the Indians at
Carlisle; the governor sent a message to the House; proposing that they
should nominate some of their members; to be join'd with some members
of council; as commissioners for that purpose。 The House named the
speaker (Mr。 Norris) and myself; and; being commission'd; we went to
Carlisle; and met the Indians accordingly。
See the votes to have this more correctly。 'Marg。 note。'
As those people are extreamly apt to get drunk; and; when so; are very
quarrelsome and disorderly; we strictly forbad the selling any liquor to
them; and when they complain'd of this restriction; we told them that if
they would continue sober during the treaty; we would give them plenty of
rum when business was over。 They promis'd this; and they kept their
promise; because they could get no liquor; and the treaty was conducted
very orderly; and concluded to mutual satisfaction。 They then claim'd and
receiv'd the rum; this was in the afternoon; they were near one hundred
men; women; and children; and were lodg'd in temporary cabins; built in
the form of a square; just without the town。 In the evening; hearing a great
noise among them; the commissioners walk'd out to see what was the
matter。 We found they had made a great bonfire in the middle of the square;
they were all drunk; men and women; quarreling and fighting。 Their dark…
colour'd bodies; half naked; seen only by the gloomy light of the bonfire;
running after and beating one another with firebrands; accompanied by
their horrid yellings; form'd a scene the most resembling our ideas of hell
that could well be imagin'd; there was no appeasing the tumult; and we
retired to our lodging。 At midnight a number of them came thundering at
our door; demanding more rum; of which we took no notice。
The next day; sensible they had misbehav'd in giving us that
112
… Page 113…
THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
disturbance; they sent three of their old counselors to make their apology。
The orator acknowledg'd the fault; but laid it upon the rum; and then
endeavored to excuse the rum by saying; 〃The Great Spirit; who made all
things; made every thing for some use; and whatever use he design'd any
thing for; that use it should always be put to。 Now; when he made rum; he
said 'Let this be for the Indians to get drunk with;' and it must be so。〃 And;
indeed; if it be the design of Providence to extirpate these savages in order
to make room for cultivators of the earth; it seems not improbable that rum
may be the appointed means。 It has already annihilated all the tribes who
formerly inhabited the sea…coast。
In 1751; Dr。 Thomas Bond; a particular friend of mine; conceived the
idea of establishing a hospital in Philadelphia (a very beneficent design;
which has been ascrib'd to me; but was originally his); for the reception
and cure of poor sick persons; whether inhabitants of the province or
strangers。 He w