第 6 节
作者:天净沙      更新:2022-05-01 22:41      字数:9316
  〃For want of modesty is want of sense。〃
  If you ask; Why less properly? I must repeat the lines;
  〃Immodest words admit of no defense; For want of modesty is want
  of sense。〃
  Now; is not want of sense (where a man is so unfortunate as to want it)
  some   apology   for   his   want   of   modesty?   and   would   not   the   lines   stand
  more justly thus?
  〃Immodest   words   admit   but   this   defense;   That   want   of   modesty   is
  want of sense。〃
  This; however; I should submit to better judgments。
  My brother had; in 1720 or 1721; begun to print a newspaper。 It was
  the   second   that   appeared   in America;   and   was   called   the   New   England
  Courant。 The only one before it was the Boston News…Letter。 I remember
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  his being dissuaded by  some of his friends   from the undertaking; as not
  likely   to   succeed;   one   newspaper   being;   in   their   judgment;   enough   for
  America。 At this time (1771) there are not less than five…and…twenty。 He
  went     on;   however;     with    the  undertaking;      and    after  having     worked     in
  composing the types and printing off the sheets; I was employed to carry
  the papers thro' the streets to the customers。
  He     had    some     ingenious      men     among      his    friends;    who     amus'd
  themselves by writing little pieces for this paper; which gain'd it credit and
  made   it   more   in   demand;   and   these   gentlemen   often   visited   us。   Hearing
  their   conversations;   and   their   accounts   of   the   approbation   their   papers
  were received with; I was excited to try my hand among them; but; being
  still   a  boy;   and    suspecting     that   my    brother    would     object   to   printing
  anything   of   mine   in   his   paper   if   he   knew   it   to   be   mine;   I   contrived   to
  disguise  my  hand;  and;  writing   an   anonymous   paper;  I   put   it   in   at   night
  under   the   door   of   the   printing…house。   It   was   found   in   the   morning;   and
  communicated   to   his   writing   friends   when   they   call'd   in   as   usual。   They
  read it; commented on it in my hearing; and I had the exquisite pleasure of
  finding it met with their approbation; and that; in their different guesses at
  the   author;   none   were   named   but   men   of   some   character   among   us   for
  learning and ingenuity。 I suppose now that I was rather lucky in my judges;
  and that perhaps they were not really so very good ones as I then esteem'd
  them。
  Encourag'd; however; by this; I wrote and convey'd in the same way to
  the press several more papers which were equally approv'd; and I kept my
  secret till my small fund of sense for such performances was pretty well
  exhausted and then I discovered it; when I began to be considered a little
  more   by   my   brother's   acquaintance;   and   in   a   manner   that   did   not   quite
  please him; as he thought; probably with reason; that it tended to make me
  too vain。 And; perhaps; this might be one occasion of the differences that
  we began to have about this time。 Though a brother; he considered himself
  as   my   master;   and   me   as   his   apprentice;   and   accordingly;   expected   the
  same   services   from   me   as   he   would   from   another;   while   I   thought   he
  demean'd   me   too   much   in   some   he   requir'd   of   me;   who   from   a   brother
  expected   more   indulgence。   Our   disputes   were   often   brought   before   our
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  father;   and   I   fancy   I   was   either   generally   in   the   right;   or   else   a   better
  pleader; because the judgment was generally in my favor。 But my brother
  was passionate; and had often beaten me; which I took extreamly amiss;
  and; thinking   my  apprenticeship very  tedious;  I was   continually  wishing
  for some opportunity of shortening it; which at length offered in a manner
  unexpected。
  I   fancy   his   harsh   and   tyrannical   treatment   of   me   might   be   a
  means   of   impressing   me   with   that   aversion   to   arbitrary   power   that   has
  stuck to me through my whole life。
  One of the pieces in our newspaper on some political point; which I
  have   now   forgotten;   gave   offense   to   the   Assembly。   He   was   taken   up;
  censur'd; and imprison'd for a month; by the speaker's warrant; I suppose;
  because he would not discover his author。 I too was taken up and examin'd
  before   the   council;   but;   tho'   I   did   not   give   them   any   satisfaction;   they
  content'd       themselves       with     admonishing        me;     and     dismissed      me;
  considering   me;   perhaps;   as   an   apprentice;   who   was   bound   to   keep   his
  master's secrets。
  During      my    brother's    confinement;      which     I  resented    a   good    deal;
  notwithstanding        our   private    differences;    I  had   the   management        of  the
  paper;   and   I   made   bold   to   give   our   rulers   some   rubs   in   it;   which   my
  brother     took    very   kindly;    while    others    began    to   consider     me   in   an
  unfavorable light; as a young genius that had a turn for libelling and satyr。
  My  brother's   discharge   was   accompany'd   with   an   order   of   the   House   (a
  very odd one); that 〃James Franklin should no longer print the paper called
  the New England Courant。〃
  There was a consultation held in our printing…house among his friends;
  what   he   should   do   in   this   case。   Some   proposed   to   evade   the   order   by
  changing the name of the paper; but my brother; seeing inconveniences in
  that; it was finally concluded on as a better way; to let it be printed for the
  future   under     the   name   of    BENJAMIN         FRANKLIN;   and          to  avoid    the
  censure of the Assembly; that might fall on him as still printing it by his
  apprentice; the contrivance was that my old indenture should be return'd to
  me; with a full discharge on the back of it; to be shown on occasion; but to
  secure to him the benefit of my service; I was to sign new indentures for
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  the remainder of the term; which were to be kept private。 A very flimsy
  scheme it was; however; it was immediately executed; and the paper went
  on accordingly; under my name for several months。
  At length; a fresh difference arising between my brother and me; I took
  upon   me   to   assert   my  freedom;   presuming   that   he   would   not   venture   to
  produce the new indentures。 It was not fair in me to take this advantage;
  and   this   I   therefore   reckon   one   of   the   first   errata   of   my   life;   but   the
  unfairness   of   it   weighed   little   with   me;   when   under   the   impressions   of
  resentment for the blows his passion too often urged him to bestow upon
  me;   though   he   was   otherwise   not   an   ill…natur'd   man:   perhaps   I   was   too
  saucy and provoking。
  When he found I would leave him; he took care to prevent my getting
  employment in any other printing…house of the town; by going round and
  speaking to every master; who accordingly refus'd to give me work。 I then
  thought   of   going   to   New   York;   as   the   nearest   place   where   there   was   a
  printer; and   I was   rather inclin'd to   leave Boston   when   I reflected   that   I
  had   already   made   myself   a   little   obnoxious   to   the   governing   party;   and;
  from   the   arbitrary   proceedings   of   the Assembly   in   my   brother's   case;   it
  was likely I might; if I stay'd; soon bring myself into scrapes; and farther;
  that my indiscrete disputations about religion began to make me pointed at
  with   horror   by   good   people   as   an   infidel   or   atheist。   I   determin'd   on   the
  point; but my father now siding with my brother; I was sensible that; if I
  attempted to go openly;  means   would   be used to prevent me。   My  friend
  Collins; therefore; undertook to manage a little for me。 He agreed with the
  captain of a New York sloop for my passage; under the notion of my being
  a young acquaintance of his; that had got a naughty girl with child; whose
  friends would compel me to marry her; and therefore I could not appear or
  come away publicly。 So I sold some of my books to raise a little money;
  was taken on board privately; and as we had a fair wind; in three days I
  found myself in New York; near 300 miles from home