第 4 节
作者:天净沙      更新:2022-05-01 22:41      字数:9322
  buried together at Boston; where I some years since placed a marble over
  their grave; with this inscription:
  JOSIAH FRANKLIN; and ABIAH his Wife; lie here interred。 They
  lived lovingly together in   wedlock fifty…five years。 Without an estate;  or
  any    gainful    employment;       By   constant    labor   and   industry;    with   God's
  blessing;   They   maintained   a   large   family   comfortably;   and   brought   up
  thirteen   children   and   seven   grandchildren   reputably。   From   this   instance;
  reader;    Be    encouraged      to  diligence    in   thy  calling;    And    distrust   not
  Providence。 He was a pious and prudent man; She; a discreet and virtuous
  woman。 Their youngest son; In filial regard to their memory; Places this
  stone。 J。F。 born 1655; died 1744; AEtat 89。 A。F。 born 1667; died 1752; …
  95。
  By my rambling digressions I perceive myself to be grown old。 I us'd
  to write more methodically。 But one does not dress for private company as
  for a publick ball。 'Tis perhaps only negligence。
  To return: I continued thus employed in my father's business for two
  years; that is; till I was twelve years old; and my brother John; who was
  bred to that business; having left my father; married; and set up for himself
  at Rhode Island; there was all appearance that I was destined to supply his
  place;    and    become      a  tallow…chandler。      But    my    dislike   to   the   trade
  continuing; my father was under apprehensions that if he did not find one
  for   me   more   agreeable;   I   should   break   away   and   get   to   sea;   as   his   son
  Josiah had done; to his great vexation。 He therefore sometimes took me to
  walk with him; and see joiners; bricklayers; turners; braziers; etc。; at their
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  work; that he might observe my inclination; and endeavor to fix it on some
  trade or other on land。 It has ever since been a pleasure to me to see good
  workmen handle their tools; and it has been useful to me; having learnt so
  much   by   it   as   to   be   able   to   do   little   jobs   myself   in   my   house   when   a
  workman could not readily be got; and to construct little machines for my
  experiments; while the intention of making the experiment was fresh and
  warm in my mind。 My father at last fixed upon the cutler's trade; and my
  uncle Benjamin's son Samuel; who was bred to that business in London;
  being   about   that   time   established   in   Boston;   I   was   sent   to   be   with   him
  some time on liking。 But his expectations of a fee with me displeasing my
  father; I was taken home again。
  From a child I was fond of reading; and all the little money that came
  into   my   hands   was   ever   laid   out   in   books。   Pleased   with   the   Pilgrim's
  Progress; my first collection was of John Bunyan's works in separate little
  volumes。 I afterward sold them to enable me to buy R。 Burton's Historical
  Collections; they were small chapmen's books; and cheap; 40 or 50 in all。
  My   father's   little   library   consisted   chiefly   of   books   in   polemic   divinity;
  most of which I read; and have since often regretted that; at a time when I
  had such a thirst for knowledge; more proper books had not fallen in my
  way   since   it   was   now   resolved   I   should   not   be   a   clergyman。   Plutarch's
  Lives there was in which I read abundantly; and I still think that time spent
  to great advantage。 There was also a book of De Foe's; called an Essay on
  Projects;   and   another   of   Dr。   Mather's;   called   Essays   to   do   Good;   which
  perhaps gave me a turn of thinking that had an influence on some of the
  principal future events of my life。
  This bookish inclination at length determined my father to make me a
  printer; though he had already one son (James) of that profession。 In 1717
  my brother James returned from England with a press and letters to set up
  his business in Boston。 I liked it much better than that of my father; but
  still had a hankering for the sea。 To prevent the apprehended effect of such
  an inclination; my father was impatient to have me bound to my brother。 I
  stood out some time; but at last was persuaded; and signed the indentures
  when I was yet but twelve years old。 I was to serve as an apprentice till I
  was   twenty…one   years   of   age;   only   I   was   to   be   allowed    journeyman's
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  wages during the last year。 In a little time I made great proficiency in the
  business;   and   became   a   useful   hand   to   my  brother。   I   now   had   access   to
  better books。 An acquaintance with the apprentices of booksellers enabled
  me sometimes to borrow a small one; which I was careful to return soon
  and clean。 Often I sat up in my room reading the greatest part of the night;
  when the book was borrowed in the evening and to be returned early in the
  morning; lest it should be missed or wanted。
  And   after   some   time   an   ingenious   tradesman;   Mr。   Matthew  Adams;
  who   had   a   pretty   collection   of   books;   and   who   frequented   our   printing…
  house; took notice of me; invited me to his library; and very kindly lent me
  such   books   as   I   chose   to   read。   I   now   took   a   fancy   to   poetry;   and   made
  some      little  pieces;    my     brother;    thinking     it  might    turn    to  account;
  encouraged   me;   and   put   me   on   composing   occasional   ballads。   One   was
  called The Lighthouse Tragedy; and contained an account of the drowning
  of   Captain   Worthilake;   with   his   two   daughters:   the   other   was   a   sailor's
  song;     on   the  taking    of   Teach    (or   Blackbeard)      the   pirate。  They     were
  wretched stuff; in the Grub…street…ballad style; and when they were printed
  he   sent   me   about   the   town   to   sell   them。   The   first   sold   wonderfully;   the
  event being recent; having made a great noise。 This flattered my  vanity;
  but my father discouraged me by ridiculing my performances; and telling
  me verse…makers were generally beggars。 So I escaped being a poet; most
  probably a very bad one; but as prose writing bad been of great use to me
  in the course of my life; and was a principal means of my advancement; I
  shall tell you how; in such a situation; I acquired what little ability I have
  in that way。
  There   was   another   bookish   lad   in   the   town;   John   Collins   by   name;
  with whom I was intimately acquainted。 We sometimes disputed; and very
  fond   we   were   of   argument;   and   very   desirous   of   confuting   one   another;
  which   disputatious   turn;   by   the   way;   is   apt   to  become   a   very   bad   habit;
  making       people     often     extremely      disagreeable       in   company       by    the
  contradiction that is necessary to bring it into practice; and thence; besides
  souring      and   spoiling    the   conversation;      is  productive     of  disgusts     and;
  perhaps      enmities    where     you   may    have    occasion     for  friendship。    I  had
  caught it by reading my father's books of dispute about religion。 Persons
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  of good sense; I have since observed; seldom fall into it; except lawyers;
  university men; and men of all sorts that have been bred at Edinborough。
  A question was once; somehow or other; started between Collins and
  me;   of   the   propriety   of   educating   the   female   sex   in   learning;   and   their
  abilities for study。 He was of opinion that it was improper; and that they
  were naturally unequal to it。 I took the contrary side; perhaps a little for
  dispute's   sake。   He   was   naturally   more   eloquent;   had   a   ready   plenty   of
  words; and sometimes; as I thought; bore me down more by his fluency
  than by the strength of his reasons。 As we parted without settling the point;
  and were not to see one another again for some time; I sat down to put my
  arguments in writing; which I copied fair and sent to him。 He answered;
  and I replied。 Three or four letters of a side had passed; when my father
  happened   to   find   my   papers   and   read   them。   Without   entering   into   the
  discussion; he took occasion to talk to me about the manner of my writing;
  observed   that;   though   I   had   the   advantage   of   my   antagonist   in   correct
  spelling and pointing (which I ow'd to the printing…house); I fell far short
  in   elegance   of   expression;   in   method      and   in   perspicuity;   of   which    he
  convinced