One　telling　Socrates　that　such　a　one　was　nothing　improved　by　his　travels：
  〃I　very　well　believe　it；〃　said　he；　〃for　he　took　himself　along　with　him〃
  〃Quid　terras　alio　calentes
  Sole　mutamus？　　patriae　quis　exsul
  Se　quoque　fugit？〃
  ＇〃Why　do　we　seek　climates　warmed　by　another　sun？　　Who　is　the　man
  that　by　fleeing　from　his　country；　can　also　flee　from　himself？〃
  Horace；　Od。；　ii。　16；　18。＇
  If　a　man　do　not　first　discharge　both　himself　and　his　mind　of　the　burden
  with　which　he　finds　himself　oppressed；　motion　will　but　make　it　press　the
  harder　and　sit　the　heavier；　as　the　lading　of　a　ship　is　of　less
  encumbrance　when　fast　and　bestowed　in　a　settled　posture。　　You　do　a　sick
  man　more　harm　than　good　in　removing　him　from　place　to　place；　you　fix　and
  establish　the　disease　by　motion；　as　stakes　sink　deeper　and　more　firmly
  into　the　earth　by　being　moved　up　and　down　in　the　place　where　they　are
  designed　to　stand。　　Therefore；　it　is　not　enough　to　get　remote　from　the
  public；　'tis　not　enough　to　shift　the　soil　only；　a　man　must　flee　from　the
  popular　conditions　that　have　taken　possession　of　his　soul；　he　must
  sequester　and　come　again　to　himself：
  〃Rupi　jam　vincula；　dicas
  Nam　luctata　canis　nodum　arripit；　attamen　illi；
  Quum　fugit；　a　collo　trahitur　pars　longa　catenae。〃
  ＇〃You　say；　perhaps；　you　have　broken　your　chains：　the　dog　who　after
  long　efforts　has　broken　his　chain；　still　in　his　flight　drags　a　heavy
  portion　of　it　after　him。〃Persius；　Sat。；　v。　158。＇
  We　still　carry　our　fetters　along　with　us。　　'Tis　not　an　absolute　liberty；
  we　yet　cast　back　a　look　upon　what　we　have　left　behind　us；　the　fancy　is
  still　full　of　it：
  〃Nisi　purgatum　est　pectus；　quae　praelia　nobis
  Atque　pericula　tunc　ingratis　insinuandum？
  Quantae　connscindunt　hominem　cupedinis　acres
  Sollicitum　curae？　quantique　perinde　timores？
  Quidve　superbia；　spurcitia；　ac　petulantia；　quantas
  Efficiunt　clades？　quid　luxus　desidiesque？〃
  ＇〃But　unless　the　mind　is　purified；　what　internal　combats　and　dangers
  must　we　incur　in　spite　of　all　our　efforts！　　How　many　bitter
  anxieties；　how　many　terrors；　follow　upon　unregulated　passion！
  What　destruction　befalls　us　from　pride；　lust；　petulant　anger！
  What　evils　arise　from　luxury　and　sloth！〃Lucretius；　v。　4。＇
  Our　disease　lies　in　the　mind；　which　cannot　escape　from　itself；
  〃In　culpa　est　animus；　qui　se　non　effugit　unquam；〃
  Horace；　Ep。；　i。　14；　13。＇
  and　therefore　is　to　be　called　home　and　confined　within　itself：　that　is
  the　true　solitude；　and　that　may　be　enjoyed　even　in　populous　cities　and
  the　courts　of　kings；　though　more　commodiously　apart。
  Now；　since　we　will　attempt　to　live　alone；　and　to　waive　all　manner　of
  conversation　amongst　them；　let　us　so　order　it　that　our　content　may　depend
  wholly　upon　ourselves；　let　us　dissolve　all　obligations　that　ally　us　to
  others；　let　us　obtain　this　from　ourselves；　that　we　may　live　alone　in　good
  earnest；　and　live　at　our　ease　too。
  Stilpo　having　escaped　from　the　burning　of　his　town；　where　he　lost　wife；
  children；　and　goods；　Demetrius　Poliorcetes　seeing　him；　in　so　great　a　ruin
  of　his　country；　appear　with　an　undisturbed　countenance；　asked　him　if　he
  had　received　no　loss？　　To　which　he　made　answer；　No；　and　that；　thank　God；
  nothing　was　lost　of　his。＇Seneca；　Ep。　7。＇　This　also　was　the　meaning　of
  the　philosopher　Antisthenes；　when　he　pleasantly　said；　that　〃men　should
  furnish　themselves　with　such　things　as　would　float；　and　might　with　the
  owner　escape　the　storm〃；＇Diogenes　Laertius；　vi。　6。＇　and　certainly　a
  wise　man　never　loses　anything　if　he　have　himself。　　When　the　city　of　Nola
  was　ruined　by　the　barbarians；　Paulinus；　who　was　bishop　of　that　place；
  having　there　lost　all　he　had；　himself　a　prisoner；　prayed　after　this
  manner：　〃O　Lord；　defend　me　from　being　sensible　of　this　loss；　for　Thou
  knowest　they　have　yet　touched　nothing　of　that　which　is　mine。〃＇St。
  Augustin；　De　Civit。　Dei；　i。　10。＇　The　riches　that　made　him　rich　and　the
  goods　that　made　him　good；　were　still　kept　entire。　　This　it　is　to　make
  choice　of　treasures　that　can　secure　themselves　from　plunder　and　violence；
  and　to　hide　them　in　such　a　place　into　which　no　one　can　enter　and　that　is
  not　to　be　betrayed　by　any　but　ourselves。　　Wives；　children；　and　goods　must
  be　had；　and　especially　health；　by　him　that　can　get　it；　but　we　are　not　so
  to　set　our　hearts　upon　them　that　our　happiness　must　have　its　dependence
  upon　them；　we　must　reserve　a　backshop；　wholly　our　own　and　entirely　free；
  wherein　to　settle　our　true　liberty；　our　principal　solitude　and　retreat。
  And　in　this　we　must　for　the　most　part　entertain　ourselves　with　ourselves；
  and　so　privately　that　no　exotic　knowledge　or　communication　be　admitted
  there；　there　to　laugh　and　to　talk；　as　if　without　wife；　children；　goods；
  train；　or　attendance；　to　the　end　that　when　it　shall　so　fall　out　that　we
  must　lose　any　or　all　of　these；　it　may　be　no　new　thing　to　be　without　them。
  We　have　a　mind　pliable　in　itself；　that　will　be　company；　that　has
  wherewithal　to　attack　and　to　defend；　to　receive　and　to　give：　let　us　not
  then　fear　in　this　solitude　to　languish　under　an　uncomfortable　vacuity。
  〃In　solis　sis　tibi　turba　locis。〃
  ＇〃In　solitude；　be　company　for　thyself。〃Tibullus；　vi。　13。　12。＇
  Virtue　is　satisfied　with　herself；　without　discipline；　without　words；
  without　effects。　　In　our　ordinary　actions　there　is　not　one　of　a　thousand
  that　concerns　ourselves。　　He　that　thou　seest　scrambling　up　the　ruins　of
  that　wall；　furious　and　transported；　against　whom　so　many　harquebuss…shots
  are　levelled；　and　that　other　all　over　scars；　pale；　and　fainting　with
  hunger；　and　yet　resolved　rather　to　die　than　to　open　the　gates　to　him；
  dost　thou　think　that　these　men　are　there　upon　their　own　account？　　No；
  peradventure　in　the　behalf　of　one　whom　they　never　saw　and　who　never
  concerns　himself　for　their　pains　and　danger；　but　lies　wallowing　the　while
  in　sloth　and　pleasure：　this　other　slavering；　blear…eyed；　slovenly　fellow；
  that　thou　seest　come　out　of　his　study　after　midnight；　dost　thou　think　he
  has　been　tumbling　over　books　to　learn　how　to　become　a　better　man；　wiser；
  and　more　content？　　No　such　matter；　he　will　there　end　his　days；　but　he
  will　teach　posterity　the　measure　of　Plautus'　verses　and　the　true
  orthography　of　a　Latin　word。　　Who　is　it　that　does　not　voluntarily
  exchange　his　health；　his　repose；　and　his　very　life　for　reputation　and
  glory；　the　most　useless；　frivolous；　and　false　coin　that　passes　current
  amongst　us？　　Our　own　death　does　not　sufficiently　terrify　and　trouble　us；
  let　us；　moreover；　charge　ourselves　with　those　of　our　wives；　children；　and
  family：　our　own　affairs　do　not　afford　us　anxiety　enough；　let　us　undertake
  those　of　our　neighbours　and　friends；　still　more　to　break　our　brains　and
  torment　us：
  〃Vah！　quemquamne　hominem　in　animum　instituere；　aut
  Parare；　quod　sit　carius；　quam　ipse　est　sibi？〃
  ＇〃Ah！　can　any　man　conceive　in　his　mind　or　realise　what　is　dearer
  than　he　is　to　himself？〃Terence；　Adelph。；　i。　I；　13。＇
  Solitude　seems　to　me　to　wear　the　best　favour　in　such　as　have　already
  employed　their　most　active　and　flourishing　age　in　the　world's　service；
  after　the　example　of　Thales。　　We　have　lived　enough　for　others；　let　us　at
  least　live　out　the　small　remnant　of　life　for　ourselves；　let　us　now　call
  in　our　thoughts　and　intentions　to　ourselves；　and　to　our　own　ease　and
  repose。　　'Tis　no　light　thing　to　make　a　sure　retreat；　it　will　be　enough
  for　us　to　do　without　mixing　other　enterprises。　　Since　God　gives　us
  leisure　to　order　our　removal；　let　us　make　ready；　truss　our　baggage；　take
  leave　betimes　of　the　company；　and　disentangle　ourselves　from　those
  violent　importunities　that　engage　us　elsewhere　and　separate　us　from
  ourselves。
  We　must　break　the　knot　of　our　obligations；　how　strong　soever；　and
  hereafter　love　this　or　that；　but　espouse　nothing　but　ourselves：　that　is
  to　say；　let　the　remainder　be　our　own；　but　not　so　joined　and　so　close　as
  not　to　be　forced　away　without　flaying　us　or　tearing　out　part　of　our
  whole。　　The　greatest　thing　in　the　world　is　for　a　man　to　know　that　he　is
  his　own。　　'Tis　time　to　wean　ourselves　from　society　when　we　can　no　longer
  add　anything　to　it；　he　who　is　not　in　a　condition　to　lend　must　forbid
  himself　to　borrow。　　Our　forces　begin　to　fail　us；　let　us　call　them　in　and
  concentrate　them　in　and　for　ourselves。　　He　that　can　cast　off　within
  himself　and　resolve　the　offices　of　friendship　and　company；　let　him　do　it。
  In　this　decay　of　nature　which　renders　him　useless；　burdensome；　and
  importunate　to　others；　let　him　take　care　not　to　be　useless；　burdensome；
  and　importunate　to　himself。　　Let　him　soothe　and　caress　himself；　and　above
  all　things　be　sure　to　govern　himself　with　reverence　to　his　reason　and
  conscience　to　that　degree　as　to　be　ashamed　to　make　a　false　step　in　their
  presence：
  〃Rarum　est　enim；　ut　satis　se　quisque　vereatur。〃
  ＇〃For　'tis　rarely　seen　that　men　have　respect　and　reverence　enough
  for　themselves。〃Quintilian；　x。　7。＇
  Socrates　says　that　boys　are　to　cause　themselves　to　be　instructed；　men　to
  exercise　t