enemy；　but　fortune；　against　her　will；　threw　her　into　another　haven；　where
  she　landed　in　safety。　　And　that　man　of　old　who；　throwing　a　stone　at　a
  dog；　hit　and　killed　his　mother…in…law；　had　he　not　reason　to　pronounce
  this　verse：
  ＇〃Fortune　has　more　judgement　than　we。〃Menander＇
  Icetes　had　contracted　with　two　soldiers　to　kill　Timoleon　at　Adrana　in
  Sicily。＇Plutarch；　Life　of　Timoleon；　c。　7。＇　They　took　their　time　to　do
  it　when　he　was　assisting　at　a　sacrifice；　and　thrusting　into　the　crowd；
  as　they　were　making　signs　to　one　another；　that　now　was　a　fit　time　to　do
  their　business；　in　steps　a　third；　who；　with　a　sword　takes　one　of　them
  full　drive　over　the　pate；　lays　him　dead　upon　the　place　and　runs　away；
  which　the　others　see；　and　concluding　himself　discovered　and　lost；　runs　to
  the　altar　and　begs　for　mercy；　promising　to　discover　the　whole　truth；
  which　as　he　was　doing；　and　laying　open　the　full　conspiracy；　behold　the
  third　man；　who　being　apprehended；　was；　as　a　murderer；　thrust　and　hauled
  by　the　people　through　the　press；　towards　Timoleon；　and　the　other　most
  eminent　persons　of　the　assembly；　before　whom　being　brought；　he　cries　out
  for　pardon；　pleading　that　he　had　justly　slain　his　father's　murderer；
  which　he；　also；　proving　upon　the　spot；　by　sufficient　witnesses；　whom　his
  good　fortune　very　opportunely　supplied　him　withal；　that　his　father　was
  really　killed　in　the　city　of　Leontini；　by　that　very　man　on　whom　he　had
  taken　his　revenge；　he　was　presently　awarded　ten　Attic　minae；　for　having
  had　the　good　fortune；　by　designing　to　revenge　the　death　of　his　father；
  to　preserve　the　life　of　the　common　father　of　Sicily。　　Fortune；　truly；　in
  her　conduct　surpasses　all　the　rules　of　human　prudence。
  But　to　conclude：　is　there　not　a　direct　application　of　her　favour；　bounty；
  and　piety　manifestly　discovered　in　this　action？　　Ignatius　the　father　and
  Ignatius　the　son　being　proscribed　by　the　triumvirs　of　Rome；　resolved　upon
  this　generous　act　of　mutual　kindness；　to　fall　by　the　hands　of　one
  another；　and　by　that　means　to　frustrate　and　defeat　the　cruelty　of　the
  tyrants；　and　accordingly　with　their　swords　drawn；　ran　full　drive　upon　one
  another；　where　fortune　so　guided　the　points；　that　they　made　two　equally
  mortal　wounds；　affording　withal　so　much　honour　to　so　brave　a　friendship；
  as　to　leave　them　just　strength　enough　to　draw　out　their　bloody　swords；
  that　they　might　have　liberty　to　embrace　one　another　in　this　dying
  condition；　with　so　close　and　hearty　an　embrace；　that　the　executioner　cut
  off　both　their　heads　at　once；　leaving　the　bodies　still　fast　linked
  together　in　this　noble　bond；　and　their　wounds　joined　mouth　to　mouth；
  affectionately　sucking　in　the　last　blood　and　remainder　of　the　lives　of
  each　other。
  CHAPTER　XXXIV
  OF　ONE　DEFECT　IN　OUR　GOVERNMENT
  My　late　father；　a　man　that　had　no　other　advantages　than　experience　and
  his　own　natural　parts；　was　nevertheless　of　a　very　clear　judgment；
  formerly　told　me　that　he　once　had　thoughts　of　endeavouring　to　introduce
  this　practice；　that　there　might　be　in　every　city　a　certain　place　assigned
  to　which　such　as　stood　in　need　of　anything　might　repair；　and　have　their
  business　entered　by　an　officer　appointed　for　that　purpose。　　As　for
  example：　I　want　a　chapman　to　buy　my　pearls；　I　want　one　that　has　pearls　to
  sell；　such　a　one　wants　company　to　go　to　Paris；　such　a　one　seeks　a　servant
  of　such　a　quality；　such　a　one　a　master；　such　a　one　such　an　artificer；
  some　inquiring　for　one　thing；　some　for　another；　every　one　according　to
  what　he　wants。　　And　doubtless；　these　mutual　advertisements　would　be　of　no
  contemptible　advantage　to　the　public　correspondence　and　intelligence：　for
  there　are　evermore　conditions　that　hunt　after　one　another；　and　for　want
  of　knowing　one　another's　occasions　leave　men　in　very　great　necessity。
  I　have　heard；　to　the　great　shame　of　the　age　we　live　in；　that　in　our　very
  sight　two　most　excellent　men　for　learning　died　so　poor　that　they　had
  scarce　bread　to　put　in　their　mouths：　Lilius　Gregorius　Giraldus　in　Italy
  and　Sebastianus　Castalio　in　Germany：　and　I　believe　there　are　a　thousand
  men　would　have　invited　them　into　their　families；　with　very　advantageous
  conditions；　or　have　relieved　them　where　they　were；　had　they　known　their
  wants。　　The　world　is　not　so　generally　corrupted；　but　that　I　know　a　man
  that　would　heartily　wish　the　estate　his　ancestors　have　left　him　might　be
  employed；　so　long　as　it　shall　please　fortune　to　give　him　leave　to　enjoy
  it；　to　secure　rare　and　remarkable　persons　of　any　kind；　whom　misfortune
  sometimes　persecutes　to　the　last　degree；　from　the　dangers　of　necessity；
  and　at　least　place　them　in　such　a　condition　that　they　must　be　very　hard
  to　please；　if　they　are　not　contented。
  My　father　in　his　domestic　economy　had　this　rule　（which　I　know　how　to
  commend；　but　by　no　means　to　imitate）；　namely；　that　besides　the　day…book
  or　memorial　of　household　affairs；　where　the　small　accounts；　payments；　and
  disbursements；　which　do　not　require　a　secretary's　hand；　were　entered；　and
  which　a　steward　always　had　in　custody；　he　ordered　him　whom　he　employed　to
  write　for　him；　to　keep　a　journal；　and　in　it　to　set　down　all　the
  remarkable　occurrences；　and　daily　memorials　of　the　history　of　his　house：
  very　pleasant　to　look　over；　when　time　begins　to　wear　things　out　of
  memory；　and　very　useful　sometimes　to　put　us　out　of　doubt　when　such　a
  thing　was　begun；　when　ended；　what　visitors　came；　and　when　they　went；　our
  travels；　absences；　marriages；　and　deaths；　the　reception　of　good　or　ill
  news；　the　change　of　principal　servants；　and　the　like。　　An　ancient　custom；
  which　I　think　it　would　not　be　amiss　for　every　one　to　revive　in　his　own
  house；　and　I　find　I　did　very　foolishly　in　neglecting　it。
  CHAPTER　XXXV
  OF　THE　CUSTOM　OF　WEARING　CLOTHES
  Whatever　I　shall　say　upon　this　subject；　I　am　of　necessity　to　invade　some
  of　the　bounds　of　custom；　so　careful　has　she　been　to　shut　up　all　the
  avenues。　　I　was　disputing　with　myself　in　this　shivering　season；　whether
  the　fashion　of　going　naked　in　those　nations　lately　discovered　is　imposed
  upon　them　by　the　hot　temperature　of　the　air；　as　we　say　of　the　Indians　and
  Moors；　or　whether　it　be　the　original　fashion　of　mankind。　　Men　of
  understanding；　forasmuch　as　all　things　under　the　sun；　as　the　Holy　Writ
  declares；　are　subject　to　the　same　laws；　were　wont　in　such　considerations
  as　these；　where　we　are　to　distinguish　the　natural　laws　from　those　which
  have　been　imposed　by　man's　invention；　to　have　recourse　to　the　general
  polity　of　the　world；　where　there　can　be　nothing　counterfeit。　　Now；　all
  other　creatures　being　sufficiently　furnished　with　all　things　necessary
  for　the　support　of　their　being　＇Montaigne's　expression　is；　〃with　needle
  and　thread。〃W。C。H。＇　it　is　not　to　be　imagined　that　we　only　are　brought
  into　the　world　in　a　defective　and　indigent　condition；　and　in　such　a　state
  as　cannot　subsist　without　external　aid。　　Therefore　it　is　that　I　believe；
  that　as　plants；　trees；　and　animals；　and　all　things　that　have　life；　are
  seen　to　be　by　nature　sufficiently　clothed　and　covered；　to　defend　them
  from　the　injuries　of　weather：
  〃Proptereaque　fere　res　omnes　ant　corio　sunt；
  Aut　seta；　ant　conchis；　ant　callo；　ant　cortice　tectae；〃
  ＇〃And　that　for　this　reason　nearly　all　things　are　clothed　with　skin；
  or　hair；　or　shells；　or　bark；　or　some　such　thing。〃
  Lucretius；　iv。　936。＇
  so　were　we：　but　as　those　who　by　artificial　light　put　out　that　of　day；　so
  we　by　borrowed　forms　and　fashions　have　destroyed　our　own。　　And　'tis　plain
  enough　to　be　seen；　that　'tis　custom　only　which　renders　that　impossible
  that　otherwise　is　nothing　so；　for　of　those　nations　who　have　no　manner　of
  knowledge　of　clothing；　some　are　situated　under　the　same　temperature　that
  we　are；　and　some　in　much　colder　climates。　　And　besides；　our　most　tender
  parts　are　always　exposed　to　the　air；　as　the　eyes；　mouth；　nose；　and　ears；
  and　our　country　labourers；　like　our　ancestors　in　former　times；　go　with
  their　breasts　and　bellies　open。　　Had　we　been　born　with　a　necessity　upon
  us　of　wearing　petticoats　and　breeches；　there　is　no　doubt　but　nature　would
  have　fortified　those　parts　she　intended　should　be　exposed　to　the　fury　of
  the　seasons　with　a　thicker　skin；　as　she　has　done　the　finger…ends　and　the
  soles　of　the　feet。　　And　why　should　this　seem　hard　to　believe？　　I　observe
  much　greater　distance　betwixt　my　habit　and　that　of　one　of　our　country
  boors；　than　betwixt　his　and　that　of　a　man　who　has　no　other　covering　but
  his　skin。　　How　many　men；　especially　in　Turkey；　go　naked　upon　the　account
  of　devotion？　　Some　one　asked　a　beggar；　whom　he　saw　in　his　shirt　in　the
  depth　of　winter；　as　brisk　and　frolic　as　he　who　goes　muffled　up　to　the
  ears　in　furs；　how　he　was　able　to　endure　to　go　so？　　〃Why；　sir；〃　he
  answered；　〃you　go　with　your　face　bare：　I　am　all　face。〃　　The　Italians　have
  a　story　of　the　Duke　of　Florence's　fool；　whom　his　master　asking　how；　being
  so　thinly　clad；　he　was　able　to　support　the　cold；　when　he　himself；　warmly
  wrapped　up　as　he　was；　was　hardly　able　to　do　it？　　〃Why；〃　replied　the　fool；
  〃use　my　receipt　to　put　on　all　your　clothes　you　have　at　once；　and　you'll
  feel　no　more　cold　than　I。〃　　King　Massinissa；　to　an　extreme　old　age；　could
  never　be　prevailed　upon　to　go　with　his　head　covered；　how　cold；　stormy；　or
  rai