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knowledge of the Most High; which saw the vision of the Almighty falling
into a trance; but having his eyes open。〃 (67) Further; after he had blessed
the Hebrews by the command of God; he began (as was his custom) to
prophesy to other nations; and to predict their future; all of which
abundantly shows that he had always been a prophet; or had often
prophesied; and (as we may also remark here) possessed that which
afforded the chief certainty to prophets of the truth of their prophecy;
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namely; a mind turned wholly to what is right and good; for he did not
bless those whom he wished to bless; nor curse those whom he wished to
curse; as Balak supposed; but only those whom God wished to be blessed
or cursed。 (68) Thus he answered Balak: 〃If Balak should give me his
house full of silver and gold; I cannot go beyond the commandment of the
Lord to do either good or bad of my own mind; but what the Lord saith;
that will I speak。〃 (69) As for God being angry with him in the way; the
same happened to Moses when he set out to Egypt by the command of the
Lord; and as to his receiving money for prophesying; Samuel did the same
(1 Sam。 ix:7; 8); if in anyway he sinned; 〃there is not a just man upon
earth that doeth good and sinneth not;〃 Eccles。 vii:20。 (Vide 2 Epist。 Peter
ii:15; 16; and Jude 5:11。)
(70) His speeches must certainly have had much weight with God; and
His power for cursing must assuredly have been very great from the
number of times that we find stated in Scripture; in proof of God's great
mercy to the Jews; that God would not hear Balaam; and that He changed
the cursing to blessing (see Deut。 xxiii:6; Josh。 xxiv:10; Neh。 xiii:2)。 (71)
Wherefore he was without doubt most acceptable to God; for the speeches
and cursings of the wicked move God not at all。 (72) As then he was a true
prophet; and nevertheless Joshua calls him a soothsayer or augur; it is
certain that this title had an honourable signification; and that those whom
the Gentiles called augurs and soothsayers were true prophets; while those
whom Scripture often accuses and condemns were false soothsayers; who
deceived the Gentiles as false prophets deceived the Jews; indeed; this is
made evident from other passages in the Bible; whence we conclude that
the gift of prophecy was not peculiar to the Jews; but common to all
nations。 (73) The Pharisees; however; vehemently contend that this Divine
gift was peculiar to their nation; and that the other nations foretold the
future (what will superstition invent next?) by some unexplained
diabolical faculty。 (74) The principal passage of Scripture which they cite;
by way of confirming their theory with its authority; is Exodus xxxiii:16;
where Moses says to God; 〃For wherein shall it be known here that I and
Thy people have found grace in Thy sight? is it not in that Thou goest with
us? so shall we be separated; I and Thy people; from all the people that are
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upon the face of the earth。〃 (75) From this they would infer that Moses
asked of God that He should be present to the Jews; and should reveal
Himself to them prophetically; further; that He should grant this favour to
no other nation。 (76) It is surely absurd that Moses should have been
jealous of God's presence among the Gentiles; or that he should have
dared to ask any such thing。 (77) The act is; as Moses knew that the
disposition and spirit of his nation was rebellious; he clearly saw that they
could not carry out what they had begun without very great miracles and
special external aid from God; nay; that without such aid they must
necessarily perish: as it was evident that God wished them to be preserved;
he asked for this special external aid。 (78) Thus he says (Ex。 xxxiv:9); 〃If
now I have found grace in Thy sight; 0 Lord; let my Lord; I pray Thee; go
among us; for it is a stiffnecked people。〃 (79) The reason; therefore; for his
seeking special external aid from God was the stiffneckedness of the
people; and it is made still more plain; that he asked for nothing beyond
this special external aid by God's answer … for God answered at once
(verse 10 of the same chapter) … 〃Behold; I make a covenant: before all
Thy people I will do marvels; such as have not been done in all the earth;
nor in any nation。〃 (80) Therefore Moses had in view nothing beyond the
special election of the Jews; as I have explained it; and made no other
request to God。 (81) I confess that in Paul's Epistle to the Romans; I find
another text which carries more weight; namely; where Paul seems to
teach a different doctrine from that here set down; for he there says (Rom。
iii:1): 〃What advantage then hath the Jew? or what profit is there of
circumcision? (82) Much every way: chiefly; because that unto them were
committed the oracles of God。〃
(83) But if we look to the doctrine which Paul especially desired to
teach; we shall find nothing repugnant to our present contention; on the
contrary; his doctrine is the same as ours; for he says (Rom。 iii:29) 〃that
God is the God of the Jews and of the Gentiles; and〃 (ch。 ii:25; 26) 〃But;
if thou be a breaker of the law; thy circumcision is made
uncircumcision。 (84) Therefore if the uncircumcision keep the
righteousness of the law; shall not his uncircumcision be counted for
circumcision?〃 (85) Further; in chap。 iv:verse 9; he says that all alike; Jew
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and Gentile; were under sin; and that without commandment and law there
is no sin。 (86) Wherefore it is most evident that to all men absolutely was
revealed the law under which all lived … namely; the law which has regard
only to true virtue; not the law established in respect to; and in the
formation of a particular state and adapted to the disposition of a particular
people。 (87) Lastly; Paul concludes that since God is the God of all nations;
that is; is equally gracious to all; and since all men equally live under the
law and under sin; so also to all nations did God send His Christ; to free all
men equally from the bondage of the law; that they should no more do
right by the command of the law; but by the constant determination of
their hearts。 (88) So that Paul teaches exactly the same as ourselves。 (89)
When; therefore; he says 〃To the Jews only were entrusted the oracles of
God;〃 we must either understand that to them only were the laws entrusted
in writing; while they were given to other nations merely in revelation and
conception; or else (as none but Jews would object to the doctrine he
desired to advance) that Paul was answering only in accordance with the
understanding and current ideas of the Jews; for in respect to teaching
things which he had partly seen; partly heard; he was to the Greeks a
Greek; and to the Jews a Jew。
(90) It now only remains to us to answer the arguments of those who
would persuade themselves that the election of the Jews was not temporal;
and merely in respect of their commonwealth; but eternal; for; they say; we
see the Jews after the loss of their commonwealth; and after being
scattered so many years and separated from all other nations; still
surviving; which is without parallel among other peoples; and further the
Scriptures seem to teach that God has chosen for Himself the Jews for
ever; so that though they have lost their commonwealth; they still
nevertheless remain God's elect。
(91) The passages which they think teach most clearly this eternal
election; are chiefly: (1。) Jer。 xxxi:36; w