第 15 节
作者:交通工具类:沧海一叶舟      更新:2021-12-07 09:33      字数:9322
  knowledge of the Most High; which saw the vision of the Almighty falling
  into a trance; but having his eyes open。〃 (67) Further; after he had blessed
  the   Hebrews   by  the   command   of   God;  he   began   (as   was   his   custom)   to
  prophesy       to  other    nations;    and   to   predict    their   future;   all  of   which
  abundantly       shows     that   he   had   always     been    a   prophet;    or   had   often
  prophesied;       and   (as   we   may    also   remark     here)    possessed     that   which
  afforded   the   chief   certainty   to   prophets   of   the   truth   of   their   prophecy;
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  namely;  a   mind   turned   wholly  to   what   is   right   and good;   for   he   did   not
  bless those whom he wished to bless; nor curse those whom he wished to
  curse; as Balak supposed; but only those whom God wished to be blessed
  or   cursed。   (68)   Thus   he   answered   Balak:   〃If   Balak   should   give   me   his
  house full of silver and gold; I cannot go beyond the commandment of the
  Lord to do either good or bad of my own mind; but what the Lord saith;
  that will I speak。〃 (69) As for God being angry with him in the way; the
  same happened to Moses when he set out to Egypt by the command of the
  Lord; and as to his receiving money for prophesying; Samuel did the same
  (1   Sam。   ix:7;   8);   if   in   anyway   he   sinned;   〃there   is   not   a   just   man   upon
  earth that doeth good and sinneth not;〃 Eccles。 vii:20。 (Vide 2 Epist。 Peter
  ii:15; 16; and Jude 5:11。)
  (70) His speeches must certainly have had much weight with God; and
  His   power     for  cursing    must    assuredly   have    been    very   great   from   the
  number of times that we find stated in Scripture; in proof of God's great
  mercy to the Jews; that God would not hear Balaam; and that He changed
  the cursing to blessing (see Deut。 xxiii:6; Josh。 xxiv:10; Neh。 xiii:2)。 (71)
  Wherefore he was without doubt most acceptable to God; for the speeches
  and cursings of the wicked move God not at all。 (72) As then he was a true
  prophet;   and   nevertheless   Joshua   calls   him   a   soothsayer   or   augur;   it   is
  certain that this title had an honourable signification; and that those whom
  the Gentiles called augurs and soothsayers were true prophets; while those
  whom Scripture often accuses and condemns were false soothsayers; who
  deceived the Gentiles as false prophets deceived the Jews; indeed; this is
  made evident from other passages in the Bible; whence we conclude that
  the   gift   of   prophecy   was   not   peculiar   to   the   Jews;   but   common   to   all
  nations。 (73) The Pharisees; however; vehemently contend that this Divine
  gift   was   peculiar   to   their   nation;   and   that   the   other   nations   foretold   the
  future     (what    will   superstition     invent    next?)     by   some     unexplained
  diabolical faculty。 (74) The principal passage of Scripture which they cite;
  by way of confirming their theory with its authority; is Exodus xxxiii:16;
  where Moses says to God; 〃For wherein shall it be known here that I and
  Thy people have found grace in Thy sight? is it not in that Thou goest with
  us? so shall we be separated; I and Thy people; from all the people that are
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  upon the   face   of the earth。〃   (75)   From  this they  would infer   that   Moses
  asked   of   God   that   He   should   be   present   to   the   Jews;   and   should   reveal
  Himself to them prophetically; further; that He should grant this favour to
  no   other   nation。   (76)   It   is   surely   absurd   that   Moses   should   have   been
  jealous   of   God's   presence   among   the   Gentiles;   or   that   he   should   have
  dared   to   ask   any   such   thing。   (77)   The   act   is;   as   Moses   knew   that   the
  disposition and spirit of his nation was rebellious; he clearly saw that they
  could not carry out what they had begun without very great miracles and
  special     external    aid   from    God;    nay;   that   without     such    aid  they    must
  necessarily perish: as it was evident that God wished them to be preserved;
  he asked for this special external aid。 (78) Thus he says (Ex。 xxxiv:9); 〃If
  now I have found grace in Thy sight; 0 Lord; let my Lord; I pray Thee; go
  among us; for it is a stiffnecked people。〃 (79) The reason; therefore; for his
  seeking   special       external    aid   from   God     was   the   stiffneckedness       of  the
  people; and it is made still more plain; that he asked for nothing beyond
  this   special   external   aid   by   God's   answer   …   for   God   answered   at   once
  (verse 10 of   the   same chapter)   …   〃Behold;   I make   a   covenant: before   all
  Thy people I will do marvels; such as have not been done in all the earth;
  nor in any nation。〃 (80) Therefore Moses had in view nothing beyond the
  special   election   of   the   Jews;   as   I   have   explained   it;   and   made   no   other
  request to God。 (81) I confess that in Paul's Epistle to the Romans; I find
  another   text   which   carries   more   weight;   namely;   where   Paul   seems   to
  teach a different doctrine from that here set down; for he there says (Rom。
  iii:1):   〃What   advantage   then   hath   the   Jew?         or   what   profit   is   there   of
  circumcision? (82) Much every way: chiefly; because that unto them were
  committed the oracles of God。〃
  (83)   But   if   we  look   to   the   doctrine   which   Paul   especially  desired   to
  teach;  we  shall   find   nothing   repugnant to   our   present   contention;   on   the
  contrary; his doctrine is the same as ours; for he says (Rom。 iii:29) 〃that
  God is the God of the Jews and of the Gentiles; and〃 (ch。 ii:25; 26) 〃But;
  if    thou    be    a   breaker     of    the   law;    thy    circumcision       is   made
  uncircumcision。          (84)     Therefore       if   the    uncircumcision          keep     the
  righteousness   of       the   law;   shall  not   his   uncircumcision       be   counted     for
  circumcision?〃 (85) Further; in chap。 iv:verse 9; he says that all alike; Jew
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  and Gentile; were under sin; and that without commandment and law there
  is no sin。 (86) Wherefore it is most evident that to all men absolutely was
  revealed the law under which all lived … namely; the law which has regard
  only   to    true  virtue;   not   the  law    established    in   respect   to;  and   in   the
  formation of a particular state and adapted to the disposition of a particular
  people。 (87) Lastly; Paul concludes that since God is the God of all nations;
  that is; is equally gracious to all; and since all men equally live under the
  law and under sin; so also to all nations did God send His Christ; to free all
  men   equally   from   the   bondage   of   the   law;   that   they   should   no   more   do
  right   by   the   command   of   the   law;   but   by   the   constant   determination   of
  their hearts。 (88) So that Paul teaches exactly the same as ourselves。 (89)
  When; therefore; he says 〃To the Jews only were entrusted the oracles of
  God;〃 we must either understand that to them only were the laws entrusted
  in writing; while they were given to other nations merely in revelation and
  conception;   or   else   (as   none   but   Jews   would   object   to   the   doctrine   he
  desired to advance) that Paul was answering only in accordance with the
  understanding   and   current   ideas   of   the   Jews;   for   in   respect   to   teaching
  things   which   he   had   partly   seen;   partly   heard;   he   was   to   the   Greeks   a
  Greek; and to the Jews a Jew。
  (90) It now only remains to us to answer the arguments of those who
  would persuade themselves that the election of the Jews was not temporal;
  and merely in respect of their commonwealth; but eternal; for; they say; we
  see    the   Jews    after   the  loss   of   their  commonwealth;         and    after   being
  scattered      so  many     years    and    separated     from    all  other    nations;    still
  surviving; which is without parallel among other peoples; and further the
  Scriptures   seem   to   teach   that   God   has   chosen   for   Himself   the   Jews   for
  ever;    so   that   though     they   have    lost   their   commonwealth;         they    still
  nevertheless remain God's elect。
  (91)   The   passages   which   they   think   teach   most   clearly   this   eternal
  election; are chiefly: (1。) Jer。 xxxi:36; w