land；　but　at　landscape；　and　pronounce　the　virtues　and　the
  shortcomings　of　the　soil。　　Litmus　paper　is　not　necessary　when　I
  determine　a　soil　to　be　acid　or　alkali。　　I　repeat；　farm…husbandry；　in
  its　highest　scientific　terms；　was　my　genius；　and　is　my　genius。　　And
  yet　the　state；　which　includes　all　the　citizens　of　the　state；
  believes　that　it　can　blot　out　this　wisdom　of　mine　in　the　final　dark
  by　means　of　a　rope　about　my　neck　and　the　abruptive　jerk　of
  gravitationthis　wisdom　of　mine　that　was　incubated　through　the
  millenniums；　and　that　was　well…hatched　ere　the　farmed　fields　of　Troy
  were　ever　pastured　by　the　flocks　of　nomad　shepherds！
  Corn？　　Who　else　knows　corn？　　There　is　my　demonstration　at　Wistar；
  whereby　I　increased　the　annual　corn…yield　of　every　county　in　Iowa　by
  half　a　million　dollars。　　This　is　history。　　Many　a　farmer；　riding　in
  his　motor…car　to…day；　knows　who　made　possible　that　motor…car。　　Many
  a　sweet…bosomed　girl　and　bright…browed　boy；　poring　over　high…school
  text…books；　little　dreams　that　I　made　that　higher　education　possible
  by　my　corn　demonstration　at　Wistar。
  And　farm　management！　　I　know　the　waste　of　superfluous　motion　without
  studying　a　moving　picture　record　of　it；　whether　it　be　farm　or　farm…
  hand；　the　layout　of　buildings　or　the　layout　of　the　farm…hands'
  labour。　　There　is　my　handbook　and　tables　on　the　subject。　　Beyond　the
  shadow　of　any　doubt；　at　this　present　moment；　a　hundred　thousand
  farmers　are　knotting　their　brows　over　its　spread　pages　ere　they　tap
  out　their　final　pipe　and　go　to　bed。　　And　yet；　so　far　was　I　beyond　my
  tables；　that　all　I　needed　was　a　mere　look　at　a　man　to　know　his
  predispositions；　his　co…ordinations；　and　the　index　fraction　of　his
  motion…wastage。
  And　here　I　must　close　this　first　chapter　of　my　narrative。　　It　is
  nine　o'clock；　and　in　Murderers'　Row　that　means　lights　out。　　Even
  now；　I　hear　the　soft　tread　of　the　gum…shoed　guard　as　he　comes　to
  censure　me　for　my　coal…oil　lamp　still　burning。　　As　if　the　mere
  living　could　censure　the　doomed　to　die！
  CHAPTER　II
  I　am　Darrell　Standing。　　They　are　going　to　take　me　out　and　hang　me
  pretty　soon。　　In　the　meantime　I　say　my　say；　and　write　in　these　pages
  of　the　other　times　and　places。
  After　my　sentence；　I　came　to　spend　the　rest　of　my　〃natural　life〃　in
  the　prison　of　San　Quentin。　　I　proved　incorrigible。　　An　incorrigible
  is　a　terrible　human　beingat　least　such　is　the　connotation　of
  〃incorrigible〃　in　prison　psychology。　　I　became　an　incorrigible
  because　I　abhorred　waste　motion。　　The　prison；　like　all　prisons；　was
  a　scandal　and　an　affront　of　waste　motion。　　They　put　me　in　the　jute…
  mill。　　The　criminality　of　wastefulness　irritated　me。　　Why　should　it
  not？　　Elimination　of　waste　motion　was　my　speciality。　　Before　the
  invention　of　steam　or　steam…driven　looms　three　thousand　years
  before；　I　had　rotted　in　prison　in　old　Babylon；　and；　trust　me；　I
  speak　the　truth　when　I　say　that　in　that　ancient　day　we　prisoners
  wove　more　efficiently　on　hand…looms　than　did　the　prisoners　in　the
  steam…powered　loom…rooms　of　San　Quentin。
  The　crime　of　waste　was　abhorrent。　　I　rebelled。　　I　tried　to　show　the
  guards　a　score　or　so　of　more　efficient　ways。　　I　was　reported。　　I　was
  given　the　dungeon　and　the　starvation　of　light　and　food。　　I　emerged
  and　tried　to　work　in　the　chaos　of　inefficiency　of　the　loom…rooms。　　I
  rebelled。　　I　was　given　the　dungeon；　plus　the　strait…jacket。　　I　was
  spread…eagled；　and　thumbed…up；　and　privily　beaten　by　the　stupid
  guards　whose　totality　of　intelligence　was　only　just　sufficient　to
  show　them　that　I　was　different　from　them　and　not　so　stupid。
  Two　years　of　this　witless　persecution　I　endured。　　It　is　terrible　for
  a　man　to　be　tied　down　and　gnawed　by　rats。　　The　stupid　brutes　of
  guards　were　rats；　and　they　gnawed　the　intelligence　of　me；　gnawed　all
  the　fine　nerves　of　the　quick　of　me　and　of　the　consciousness　of　me。
  And　I；　who　in　my　past　have　been　a　most　valiant　fighter；　in　this
  present　life　was　no　fighter　at　all。　　I　was　a　farmer；　an
  agriculturist；　a　desk…tied　professor；　a　laboratory　slave；　interested
  only　in　the　soil　and　the　increase　of　the　productiveness　of　the　soil。
  I　fought　in　the　Philippines　because　it　was　the　tradition　of　the
  Standings　to　fight。　　I　had　no　aptitude　for　fighting。　　It　was　all　too
  ridiculous；　the　introducing　of　disruptive　foreign　substances　into
  the　bodies　of　little　black　men…folk。　　It　was　laughable　to　behold
  Science　prostituting　all　the　might　of　its　achievement　and　the　wit　of
  its　inventors　to　the　violent　introducing　of　foreign　substances　into
  the　bodies　of　black　folk。
  As　I　say；　in　obedience　to　the　tradition　of　the　Standings　I　went　to
  war　and　found　that　I　had　no　aptitude　for　war。　　So　did　my　officers
  find　me　out；　because　they　made　me　a　quartermaster's　clerk；　and　as　a
  clerk；　at　a　desk；　I　fought　through　the　Spanish…American　War。
  So　it　was　not　because　I　was　a　fighter；　but　because　I　was　a　thinker；
  that　I　was　enraged　by　the　motion…wastage　of　the　loom…rooms　and　was
  persecuted　by　the　guards　into　becoming　an　〃incorrigible。〃　　One's
  brain　worked　and　I　was　punished　for　its　working。　　As　I　told　Warden
  Atherton；　when　my　incorrigibility　had　become　so　notorious　that　he
  had　me　in　on　the　carpet　in　his　private　office　to　plead　with　me；　as　I
  told　him　then：
  〃It　is　so　absurd；　my　dear　Warden；　to　think　that　your　rat…throttlers
  of　guards　can　shake　out　of　my　brain　the　things　that　are　clear　and
  definite　in　my　brain。　　The　whole　organization　of　this　prison　is
  stupid。　　You　are　a　politician。　　You　can　weave　the　political　pull　of
  San　Francisco　saloon…men　and　ward　heelers　into　a　position　of　graft
  such　as　this　one　you　occupy；　but　you　can't　weave　jute。　　Your　loom…
  rooms　are　fifty　years　behind　the　times。　。　。　。〃
  But　why　continue　the　tirade？for　tirade　it　was。　　I　showed　him　what
  a　fool　he　was；　and　as　a　result　he　decided　that　I　was　a　hopeless
  incorrigible。
  Give　a　dog　a　bad　nameyou　know　the　saw。　　Very　well。　　Warden
  Atherton　gave　the　final　sanction　to　the　badness　of　my　name。　　I　was
  fair　game。　　More　than　one　convict's　dereliction　was　shunted　off　on
  me；　and　was　paid　for　by　me　in　the　dungeon　on　bread　and　water；　or　in
  being　triced　up　by　the　thumbs　on　my　tip…toes　for　long　hours；　each
  hour　of　which　was　longer　than　any　life　I　have　ever　lived。
  Intelligent　men　are　cruel。　　Stupid　men　are　monstrously　cruel。　　The
  guards　and　the　men　over　me；　from　the　Warden　down；　were　stupid
  monsters。　　Listen；　and　you　shall　learn　what　they　did　to　me。　　There
  was　a　poet　in　the　prison；　a　convict；　a　weak…chinned；　broad…browed；
  degenerate　poet。　　He　was　a　forger。　　He　was　a　coward。　　He　was　a
  snitcher。　　He　was　a　stoolstrange　words　for　a　professor　of
  agronomics　to　use　in　writing；　but　a　professor　of　agronomics　may　well
  learn　strange　words　when　pent　in　prison　for　the　term　of　his　natural
  life。
  This　poet…forger's　name　was　Cecil　Winwood。　　He　had　had　prior
  convictions；　and　yet；　because　he　was　a　snivelling　cur　of　a　yellow
  dog；　his　last　sentence　had　been　only　for　seven　years。　　Good　credits
  would　materially　reduce　this　time。　　My　time　was　life。　　Yet　this
  miserable　degenerate；　in　order　to　gain　several　short　years　of
  liberty　for　himself；　succeeded　in　adding　a　fair　portion　of　eternity
  to　my　own　life…time　term。
  I　shall　tell　what　happened　the　other　way　around；　for　it　was　only
  after　a　weary　period　that　I　learned。　　This　Cecil　Winwood；　in　order
  to　curry　favour　with　the　Captain　of　the　Yard；　and　thence　the　Warden；
  the　Prison　Directors；　the　Board　of　Pardons；　and　the　Governor　of
  California；　framed　up　a　prison…break。　　Now　note　three　things：　　（a）
  Cecil　Winwood　was　so　detested　by　his　fellow…convicts　that　they　would
  not　have　permitted　him　to　bet　an　ounce　of　Bull　Durham　on　a　bed…bug
  raceand　bed…bug　racing　was　a　great　sport　with　the　convicts；　（b）　I
  was　the　dog　that　had　been　given　a　bad　name：　　（c）　for　his　frame…up；
  Cecil　Winwood　needed　the　dogs　with　bad　names；　the　lifetimers；　the
  desperate　ones；　the　incorrigibles。
  But　the　lifers　detested　Cecil　Winwood；　and；　when　he　approached　them
  with　his　plan　of　a　wholesale　prison…break；　they　laughed　at　him　and
  turned　away　with　curses　for　the　stool　that　he　was。　　But　he　fooled
  them　in　the　end；　forty　of　the　bitterest…wise　ones　in　the　pen。　　He
  approached　them　again　and　again。　　He　told　of　his　power　in　the　prison
  by　virtue　of　his　being　trusty　in　the　Warden's　office；　and　because　of
  the　fact　that　he　had　the　run　of　the　dispensary。
  〃Show　me；〃　said　Long　Bill　Hodge；　a　mountaineer　doing　life　for　train
  robbery；　and　whose　whole　soul　for　years　had　been　bent　on　escaping　in
  order　to　kill　the　companion　in　robbery　who　had　turned　state's
  evidence　on　him。
  Cecil　Winwood　accepted　the　test。　　He　claimed　that　he　could　dope　the
  guards　the　night　of　the　break。
  〃Talk　is　cheap；〃　said　Long　Bill　Hodge。　　〃What　we　want　is　the　goods。
  Dope　one　of　the　guards　to…night。　　There's　Barnum。　　He's　no　good。　　He
  beat　up　that　crazy　Chink　yesterday　in　Bughouse　Alleywhen　he　was
  off　duty；　too。　　He's　on　the　night　watch。　　D