第 35 节
作者:
津鸿一瞥 更新:2021-10-16 18:44 字数:9322
criminal prosecution。 Oh! how I hated Erewhon at that time。
I was still received at court; but my good looks were beginning to
fail me; and I was not such an adept at concealing the effects of
pain as the Erewhonians are。 I could see that my friends began to
look concerned about me; and was obliged to take a leaf out of
Mahaina's book; and pretend to have developed a taste for drinking。
I even consulted a straightener as though this were so; and
submitted to much discomfort。 This made matters better for a time;
but I could see that my friends thought less highly of my
constitution as my flesh began to fall away。
I was told that the poor made an outcry about my pension; and I saw
a stinging article in an anti…ministerial paper; in which the
writer went so far as to say that my having light hair reflected
little credit upon me; inasmuch as I had been reported to have said
that it was a common thing in the country from which I came。 I
have reason to believe that Mr。 Nosnibor himself inspired this
article。 Presently it came round to me that the king had begun to
dwell upon my having been possessed of a watch; and to say that I
ought to be treated medicinally for having told him a lie about the
balloons。 I saw misfortune gathering round me in every direction;
and felt that I should have need of all my wits and a good many
more; if I was to steer myself and Arowhena to a good conclusion。
There were some who continued to show me kindness; and strange to
say; I received the most from the very persons from whom I should
have least expected itI mean from the cashiers of the Musical
Banks。 I had made the acquaintance of several of these persons;
and now that I frequented their bank; they were inclined to make a
good deal of me。 One of them; seeing that I was thoroughly out of
health; though of course he pretended not to notice it; suggested
that I should take a little change of air and go down with him to
one of the principal towns; which was some two or three days'
journey from the metropolis; and the chief seat of the Colleges of
Unreason; he assured me that I should be delighted with what I saw;
and that I should receive a most hospitable welcome。 I determined
therefore to accept the invitation。
We started two or three days later; and after a night on the road;
we arrived at our destination towards evening。 It was now full
spring; and as nearly as might be ten months since I had started
with Chowbok on my expedition; but it seemed more like ten years。
The trees were in their freshest beauty; and the air had become
warm without being oppressively hot。 After having lived so many
months in the metropolis; the sight of the country; and the country
villages through which we passed refreshed me greatly; but I could
not forget my troubles。 The last five miles or so were the most
beautiful part of the journey; for the country became more
undulating; and the woods were more extensive; but the first sight
of the city of the colleges itself was the most delightful of all。
I cannot imagine that there can be any fairer in the whole world;
and I expressed my pleasure to my companion; and thanked him for
having brought me。
We drove to an inn in the middle of the town; and then; while it
was still light; my friend the cashier; whose name was Thims; took
me for a stroll in the streets and in the court…yards of the
principal colleges。 Their beauty and interest were extreme; it was
impossible to see them without being attracted towards them; and I
thought to myself that he must be indeed an ill…grained and
ungrateful person who can have been a member of one of these
colleges without retaining an affectionate feeling towards it for
the rest of his life。 All my misgivings gave way at once when I
saw the beauty and venerable appearance of this delightful city。
For half…an…hour I forgot both myself and Arowhena。
After supper Mr。 Thims told me a good deal about the system of
education which is here practised。 I already knew a part of what I
heard; but much was new to me; and I obtained a better idea of the
Erewhonian position than I had done hitherto: nevertheless there
were parts of the scheme of which I could not comprehend the
fitness; although I fully admit that this inability was probably
the result of my having been trained so very differently; and to my
being then much out of sorts。
The main feature in their system is the prominence which they give
to a study which I can only translate by the word 〃hypothetics。〃
They argue thusthat to teach a boy merely the nature of the
things which exist in the world around him; and about which he will
have to be conversant during his whole life; would be giving him
but a narrow and shallow conception of the universe; which it is
urged might contain all manner of things which are not now to be
found therein。 To open his eyes to these possibilities; and so to
prepare him for all sorts of emergencies; is the object of this
system of hypothetics。 To imagine a set of utterly strange and
impossible contingencies; and require the youths to give
intelligent answers to the questions that arise therefrom; is
reckoned the fittest conceivable way of preparing them for the
actual conduct of their affairs in after life。
Thus they are taught what is called the hypothetical language for
many of their best yearsa language which was originally composed
at a time when the country was in a very different state of
civilisation to what it is at present; a state which has long since
disappeared and been superseded。 Many valuable maxims and noble
thoughts which were at one time concealed in it have become current
in their modern literature; and have been translated over and over
again into the language now spoken。 Surely then it would seem
enough that the study of the original language should be confined
to the few whose instincts led them naturally to pursue it。
But the Erewhonians think differently; the store they set by this
hypothetical language can hardly be believed; they will even give
any one a maintenance for life if he attains a considerable
proficiency in the study of it; nay; they will spend years in
learning to translate some of their own good poetry into the
hypothetical languageto do so with fluency being reckoned a
distinguishing mark of a scholar and a gentleman。 Heaven forbid
that I should be flippant; but it appeared to me to be a wanton
waste of good human energy that men should spend years and years in
the perfection of so barren an exercise; when their own
civilisation presented problems by the hundred which cried aloud
for solution and would have paid the solver handsomely; but people
know their own affairs best。 If the youths chose it for themselves
I should have wondered less; but they do not choose it; they have
it thrust upon them; and for the most part are disinclined towards
it。 I can only say that all I heard in defence of the system was
insufficient to make me think very highly of its advantages。
The arguments in favour of the deliberate development of the
unreasoning faculties were much more cogent。 But here they depart
from the principles on which they justify their study of
hypothetics; for they base the importance which they assign to
hypothetics upon the fact of their being a preparation for the
extraordinary; while their study of Unreason rests upon its
developing those faculties which are required for the daily conduct
of affairs。 Hence their professorships of Inconsistency and
Evasion; in both of which studies the youths are examined before
being allowed to proceed to their degree in hypothetics。 The more
earnest and conscientious students attain to a proficiency in these
subjects which is quite surprising; there is hardly any
inconsistency so glaring but they soon learn to defend it; or
injunction so clear that they cannot find some pretext for
disregarding it。
Life; they urge; would be intolerable if men were to be guided in
all they did by reason and reason only。 Reason betrays men into
the drawing of hard and fast lines; and to the defining by
languagelanguage being like the sun; which rears and then
scorches。 Extremes are alone logical; but they are always absurd;
the mean is illogical; but an illogical mean is better than the
sheer absurdity of an extreme。 There are no follies and no
unreasonablenesses so great as those which can apparently be
irrefragably defended by reason itself; and there is hardly an
error into which men may not easily be led if they base their
conduct upon reason only。
Reason might very possibly abolish the double currency; it might
even attack the personality of Hope and Justice。 Besides; people
have such a strong natural bias towards it that they will seek it
for themselves and act upon it quite as much as or more than is
good for them: there is no need of encouraging reason。 With
unreason the case is different。 She is the natural complement of
reason; without whose existence reason itself were non…existent。
If; then; reason would be non…existent were there no such thing as
unreason; surely it follows that the more unreason there is; the
more reason there must be also? Hence the n