第 44 节
作者:青词      更新:2021-08-14 15:19      字数:9320
  THE phrase at the head of this chapter and other sentences; such as
  〃American   Society   in   Paris;〃   or   London;   are   constantly   on   the   lips   of
  people   who   should   know   better。   In   reality   these   societies   do   not   exist。
  Does   my   reader   pause;   wondering   if   he   can   believe   his   eyes?   He   has
  doubtless heard all his life of these delightful circles; and believes in them。
  He may even have dined; EN PASSANT; at the 〃palace〃 of some resident
  compatriot in Rome or Florence; under the impression that he was within
  its mystic limits。 Illusion! An effect of mirage; making that which appears
  quite tangible and solid when viewed from a distance dissolve into thin air
  as   one   approaches;   like   the   mirage;   cheating   the   weary   traveller   with   a
  vision of what he most longs for。
  Forty;    even   fifty  years   ago;   there   lived  in  Rome     a  group    of  very
  agreeable      people;    Story   and   the   two    Greenoughs      and    Crawford;     the
  sculptor (father of the brilliant novelist of today); Charlotte Cushman (who
  divided     her   time   between     Rome     and   Newport);      and   her   friend   Miss
  Stebbins; the sculptress; to   whose hands   we owe the bronze  fountain on
  the   Mall   in   our   Park;   Rogers;   then   working   at   the   bronze   doors   of   our
  capitol;    and   many     other   cultivated    and    agreeable    people。    Hawthorne
  passed   a   couple   of   winters   among   them;   and   the   tone   of   that   society   is
  reflected     in  his   〃Marble     Faun。〃    He   took    Story   as   a  model     for  his
  〃Kenyon;〃 and was the first to note the exotic grace of an American girl in
  that strange setting。 They formed as transcendental and unworldly a group
  as ever gathered about a 〃tea〃 table。 Great things were expected of them
  and    their   influence;    but   they   disappointed      the   world;    and;   with   the
  exception of Hawthorne; are being fast forgotten。
  Nothing      could   be   simpler    than   life  in  the   papal   capital   in  those
  pleasant days。 Money was rare; but living as delightfully inexpensive。 It
  was about that time; if I do not mistake; that a list was published in New
  York of the citizens worth one hundred thousand dollars; and it was not a
  long one! The Roman colony took 〃tea〃 informally with each other; and
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  〃received〃   on   stated   evenings   in   their   studios   (when   mulled   claret   and
  cakes   were   the   only   refreshment   offered;   very   bad   they   were;   too);   and
  migrated in the summer to the mountains near Rome or to Sorrento。 In the
  winter     months     their   circle   was    enlarged    by   a  contingent      from    home。
  Among wealthy New Yorkers; it was the fashion in the early fifties to pass
  a winter in Rome; when; together with his other dissipations; paterfamilias
  would sit to one of the American sculptors for his bust; which accounts for
  the   horrors   one   now   runs   across   in   dark   corners   of   country   houses;   …
  ghostly heads in 〃chin whiskers〃 and Roman draperies。
  The son of one of these pioneers; more rich than cultivated; noticed the
  other day; while visiting a friend of mine; an exquisite eighteenth…century
  bust of Madame de Pompadour; the pride of his hostess's drawing…room。
  〃Ah!〃 said Midas; 〃are busts the fashion again? I have one of my father;
  done in Rome in 1850。 I will bring it down and put it in my parlor。〃
  The  travellers   consulted   the   residents in their   purchases of   copies   of
  the old masters; for there were fashions in these luxuries as in everything
  else。   There   was   a   run   at   that   time   on   the   〃Madonna   in   the   Chair;〃   and
  〃Beatrice Cenci〃 was long prime favorite。 Thousands of the latter leering
  and winking over her everlasting shoulder; were solemnly sent home each
  year。   No   one   ever   dreamed   of   buying   an   original   painting!   The   tourists
  also developed a taste for large marble statues; 〃Nydia; the Blind Girl of
  Pompeii〃 (people   read   Bulwer;   Byron   and   the   Bible then) being   in   such
  demand that I knew one block in lower Fifth Avenue that possessed seven
  blind Nydias; all life…size; in white marble; … a form of decoration about as
  well adapted to those scanty front parlors as a steam engine or a carriage
  and pair would have been。 I fear Bulwer's heroine is at a discount now; and
  often   wonder   as   I   see   those  old   residences   turning   into   shops;   what   has
  become of the seven white elephants and all their brothers and sisters that
  our innocent parents brought so proudly back from Italy! I have succeeded
  in   locating   two   statues   evidently   imported   at   that   time。   They   grace   the
  back   steps   of   a   rather   shabby   villa   in   the   country;   …   Demosthenes   and
  Cicero;   larger   than   life;   dreary;   funereal   memorials   of   the   follies   of   our
  fathers。
  The simple days we have been speaking of did not; however; outlast
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  the   circle   that   inaugurated   them。   About   1867   a   few   rich   New   Yorkers
  began 〃trying to know the Italians〃 and go about with them。 One family;
  〃up to snuff〃 in more senses than one; married their daughter to the scion
  of a princely  house; and immediately  a large number   of her   compatriots
  were bitten with the madness of going into Italian society。
  In 1870; Rome became the capital of united Italy。 The court removed
  there。 The   〃improvements〃 began。 Whole quarters   were   remodelled;  and
  the dear old Rome of other days; the Rome of Hawthorne and Madame de
  Stael;   was   swept   away。 With   this new   state   of   things   came   a   number   of
  Americo…Italian   marriages   more   or   less   successful;   and   anything   like   an
  American society; properly so… called; disappeared。 To…day families of our
  compatriots   passing   the   winter   months   in   Rome   are   either   tourists   who
  live in hotels; and see sights; or go (as far as they can) into Italian society。
  The     Queen     of  Italy;   who    speaks    excellent    English;     developed     a
  PENCHANT for Americans; and has attached several who married Italians
  to her person in different court capacities; indeed; the old 〃Black〃 society;
  who have remained true to the Pope; when they wish to ridicule the new
  〃White〃 or royal circle; call it the 〃American court!〃 The feeling is bitter
  still   between     the  〃Blacks〃     and    〃Whites;〃    and    an  American      girl   who
  marries into one of these circles must make up her mind to see nothing of
  friends or relatives in the opposition ranks。 It is said that an amalgamation
  is being brought about; but it is slow work; a generation will have to die
  out before much real mingling of the two courts will take place。 As both
  these circles are poor; very little entertainment goes on。 One sees a little
  life in the diplomatic world; and the King and Queen give a ball or two
  during   the   winter;   but   since   the   repeated   defeats   of   the   Italian   arms   in
  Africa;   and   the   heavy   financial   difficulties   (things   these   sovereigns   take
  very    seriously    to   heart);  there   has   not   been    much    〃go〃    in  the  court
  entertainments。  The   young   set   hope   great   things   of   the   new   Princess   of
  Naples; the bride of the heir…apparent; a lady who is credited with being
  full of fun and life; it is fondly imagined that she will set the ball rolling
  again。 By the bye; her first lady…in…waiting; the young Duchess del Monte
  of Naples; was an American girl; and a very pretty one; too。 She enjoyed
  for    some     time   the   enviable     distinction    of   being    the   youngest     and
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  handsomest         duchess      in    Europe;      until    Miss     Vanderbilt      married
  Marlborough   and   took   the   record   from   her。   The   Prince   and   Princess   of
  Naples live at their Neapolitan capital; and will not do much to help things
  in Rome。 Besides which he is very delicate and passes for not being any
  too fond of the world。
  What   makes   things   worse   is   that   the   great   nobles   are   mostly   〃land
  poor;〃    and   even    the  richer   ones    burned    their  fingers   in  the   craze   for
  speculation that turned all Rome upside down in the years following 1870
  and   Italian   unity;   when   they