dislocations。　In　adults；　the　bones　are　not　so　diminished　in　size；
  and　justly；　seeing　that　the　others　will　not　increase　as　in　the
  former　case；　but　wasting　of　the　flesh　takes　place；　for　it　is
  increased；　and　is　diminished　every　day；　and　at　all　ages。　And
  attention
  should　be　paid　to　the　force　of　habit；　and　to　the　symptom　produced　by
  the　tearing　away　of　the　acromion；　whereby　a　void　is　left；　which
  makes　people　suppose　that　the　humerus　is　dislocated。　The　head　of　the
  humerus　is　felt　in　the　armpit；　and　the　patient　cannot　raise　his　arm；
  nor　swing　it　to　this　side　and　that；　as　formerly。　The　other　shoulder
  shows　the　difference。　Modes　of　reduction：…The　patient　himself　having
  placed　his　fist　in　the　arm　pit；　pushes　up　the　head　of　the
  humerus　with
  it；　and　brings　the　hand　forward　to　the　breast。　Another：…Force　it
  backward；　so　that　you　may　turn　it　round。　Another：…Apply　your　head　to
  the　acromion；　and　your　hands　to　the　armpit；　separate　the　head　of　the
  humerus　（from　the　side？）；　and　push　the　elbow　in　the　opposite
  direction；　or；　instead　of　your　knees；　another　person　may　turn　aside
  the　elbow；　as　formerly　directed。　Or；　place　the　patient　on　your
  shoulder；　with　the　shoulder　in　his　armpit。　Or；　with　the　heel；
  something　being　introduced　to　fill　up　the　hollow　of　the　armpit；　and
  using　the　right　foot　to　the　right　shoulder。　Or；　with　a　pestle。　Or；
  with　the　step　of　a　ladder。　Or；　by　rotation　made　with　piece　of　wood
  stretched　below　the　arm。　Treatment：…As　to　attitude；　the　arm　placed
  by　the　side；　the　hand　and　shoulder　raised；　the　bandaging　and
  adjustment　of　the　parts　while　in　this　attitude。　If　not　reduced；　the
  top　of　the　shoulder　becomes　attenuated。
  Part　6
  When　the　acromion　is　torn　away；　the　appearance　is　the　same　as
  in　dislocation　of　the　shoulder；　but　there　is　no　impediment；　except
  that　the　bone　does　not　return　to　its　position。　The　figure　should　be
  the　same　as　in　dislocation；　both　as　regards　bandaging　and　suspending
  the　limb。　The　bandaging　according　to　rule。
  Part　7
  When　partial　displacement　（sub…luxation？）　takes　place　at　the
  elbow；　either　inside　or　outside；　but　the　sharp　point　（olecranon？）
  remains　in　the　cavity　of　the　humerus；　make　extension　in　a　straight
  line；　and　push　the　projecting　parts　backward　and　to　the　sides。
  Part　8
  In　complete　dislocations　to　either　side；　make　extension　while　the
  arm　is　in　the　position　it　is　put　in　to　be　bandaged　for　a
  fracture；　for
  thus　the　rounded　part　of　the　elbow　will　not　form　an　obstacle　to　it。
  Dislocation　most　commonly　takes　place　inward。　The　parts　are　to　be
  adjusted　by　separating　the　bones　as　much　as　possible；　so　that　the
  end　of　the　humerus　may　not　come　in　contact　with　the　olecranon；　but
  it　is　to　be　carried　up　and　turned　round；　and　not　forced　in　a
  straight　line；　at　the　same　time　the　opposite　sides　are　to　be　pushed
  together；　and　the　bones　reduced　to　their　place。　In　these　cases
  rotation　of　the　elbow　cooperates；　that　is　to　say；　turning
  the　arm　into
  a　state　of　supination　and　pronation；　so　much　for　the　reduction。　With
  regard　to　the　attitude　in　which　it　is　to　be　put；…the　hand　is　to　be
  placed　somewhat　higher　than　the　elbow；　and　the　arm　by　the　side；　this
  position　suits　with　it　when　slung　from　the　neck；　is　easily　borne；　is
  its　natural　position；　and　one　adapted　for　ordinary　purposes；　unless
  callus　form　improperly：　the　callus　soon　forms。　Treatment：…By
  bandages　according　to　the　common　rule　for　articulations；　and
  the　point
  of　the　elbow　is　to　be　included　in　the　bandage。
  Part　9
  The　elbow；　when　luxated；　induces　the　most　serious　consequences；
  fevers；　pain；　nausea；　vomiting　of　pure　bile；　and　this　especially　in
  dislocations　backward；　from　pressure　on　the　nerve　which　occasions
  numbness；　next　to　it　is　dislocation　forward。　The　treatment　is　the
  same。　The　reduction　of　dislocation　backward　is　by　extension　and
  adaptation：　the　symptom　of　this　variety；　loss　of　the　power　of
  extension；　of　dislocation　forward；　loss　of　the　power　of
  flexion。　In　it
  a　hard　ball　is　to　be　placed　in　the　bend　of　the　elbow；　and
  the　fore…arm
  is　to　be　bent　over　this　while　sudden　extension　is　made。
  Part　10
  Diastasis　of　the　bones　may　be　recognized　by　examining　the　part
  where　the　vein　which　runs　along　the　arm　divides。
  Part　11
  In　these　cases　callus　is　speedily　formed。　In　congenital
  dislocations；　the　bones　below　the　seat　of　the　injury　are　shorter
  than　natural；　in　this　case；　the　greatest　shortening　is　in
  the　nearest；
  namely；　those　of　the　fore…arm；　second；　those　of　the　hand；
  third；　those
  of　the　fingers。　The　arm　and　shoulders　are　stronger；　owing　to　the
  nourishment　which　they　receive；　and　the　other　arm；　from　the
  additional
  work　it　has　to　perform；　is　still　more　strong。　The　wasting　of　the
  flesh；　if　the　dislocation　was　outward；　is　on　the　inside；　or　if
  otherwise；　on　the　side　opposite　the　dislocation。
  Part　12
  In　dislocation　at　the　elbow；　whether　outward　or　inward；
  extension　is　to　be　made　with　the　fore…arm　at　right　angles　to　the
  arm；　the　arm　is　to　be　suspended　by　a　shawl　passed　through　the
  armpit；　and　a　weight　is　to　be　attached　to　the　extremity　of　the
  elbow；　or　force　is　to　be　applied　with　the　hands。　The　articular
  extremity　being　properly　raised；　the　parts　are　to　be
  adjusted　with　the
  palms　of　the　hands；　as　in　dislocations　of　the　hands。　It　is　to　be
  bandaged；　suspended　in　a　sling；　and　placed；　while　in　this　attitude。
  Part　13
  Dislocations　backward　are　to　be　rectified　with　the　palms　of
  the　hands　along　with　sudden　extension。　These　two　acts　are　to　be
  performed　together；　as　in　other　cases　of　the　kind。　In　dislocation
  forward；　the　arm　is　to　bend　around　a　ball　of　cloth；　of　proper　size；
  and　at　the　same　time　replaced。
  Part　14
  If　the　displacement　be　on　the　other　side　both　these　operations
  are　to　be　performed　in　effecting　the　adjustment　of　the　arm。　With
  regard　to　the　treatment；…the　position　and　the　bandaging　are　the　same
  as　in　the　other　cases。　For　all　these　cases　may　be　reduced　by
  ordinary　distention。
  Part　15
  With　regard　to　the　modes　of　reduction；　some　act　upon　the
  principle　of　carrying　the　one　piece　of　bone　over　the　other；　some　by
  extension；　and　some　by　rotation：　these　last　consist　in
  rapidly　turning
  the　arm　to　this　side　and　that。
  Part　16
  The　joint　of　the　hand　is　dislocated　inward　or　outward；　but
  most　frequently　inward。　The　symptoms　are　easily　recognized；
  if　inward；
  the　patient　cannot　at　all　bend　his　fingers；　but　if　outward；　he
  cannot　extend　them。　Reduction：…By　placing　the　fingers　above　a　table；
  extension　and　counter…extension　are　to　be　made　by　assistance；　while；
  with　the　palm　of　the　hand　or　the　heel　on　the　projecting　bone；　one
  presses　forward；　and　from　behind；　upon　the　other　bone；　and　lays　some
  soft　substance　on　it；　and；　if　the　dislocation　be　above；　the
  hand　is　to
  be　turned　into　a　state　of　pronation；　or；　if　backward；　into　a　state
  of　supination。　The　treatment　is　to　be　conducted　with　bandages。
  Part　17
  The　whole　hand　is　dislocated　either　inward；　or　outward；　but
  especially　inward；　or　to　this　side　or　that。　Sometimes　the
  epiphysis　is
  displaced；　and　sometimes　there　is　displacement　（diastasis）　of　the
  one　bone　from　the　other。　Powerful　extension　is　to　be　made　in　this
  case；　and　the　projecting　part　is　to　be　pressed　upon；　and
  counter…pressure　made　on　the　opposite　side：　both　modes　being
  performed
  at　the　same　time；　both　backward　and　laterally；　either　with　the　hands
  on　a　table；　or　with　the　heel。　These　accidents　give　rise　to　serious
  consequences　and　deformities；　but　in　time　the　parts　get　so　strong　as
  to　admit　of　being　used。　The　treatment　consists　of　bandages
  comprehending　the　hand　and　forearm；　and　splints　are　to　be　applied　as
  far　as　the　fingers；　when　put　in　splints；　they　are　to　be　more
  frequently　loosed　than　in　fractures；　and　more　copious　allusions　of
  water　are　to　be　used。
  Part　18
  In　congenital　dislocations　the　hand　becomes　shortened；　and　the
  atrophy　of　the　flesh　is　generally　on　the　side　opposite　the
  dislocation。　In　the　adult　the　bones　remain　of　their　proper　size。
  Part　19
  The　symptoms　of　dislocation　of　the　finger　are　obvious；　and　need
  not　be　described。　This　is　the　mode　of　reduction：…By　stretching　in　a
  straight　line；　and　making　pressure　on　the　projecting　part；　and
  counter…pressure；　at　the　opposite　side；　on　the　other。　The　proper
  treatment　consists　in　the　application　of　bandages。　When　not　reduced；
  the　parts　unite　by　callus　outside　of　the　joints。　In　congenital
  dislocations；　and　in　those　which　occur　during　bones　below　the
  dislocation　are　shortened；　and　the　flesh　is　wasted　principally　on
  the　side　opposite　to　the　dislocation；　in　the　adult　the　bones
  remain　of
  their　proper　size。
  Part　20
  Dislocation　at　the　hip…joint　occurs　in　four　modes；　inward　most
  frequently；　outward　next；　the　others　of　equal　frequency。　The
  symptoms：…The　common；　a　comparison　with　the　sound　leg。　The　peculiar
  symptoms　of　dislocations　inward；　the　head　of　the　bone　is　felt　at　the
  perineum；　the　patient　cannot　bend　his　leg　as　formerly；　the　limb
  appears　elongated；　and　to　a　great　extent；　unless　you　bring　both
  limbs　into　the　middle　space　between　them　in　making　a　comparison　of
  them；　and　the　foot　and　the　knee　are　inclined　outward。　If　the
  dislocation　has　taken　place　from　birth；　or　during　one's　growth；　the
  thigh　is　shortened；　the　leg　less　so；　and　the　others　according　to　the