第 29 节
作者:
精灵王 更新:2021-04-30 17:23 字数:9312
servant of the public; turned out of his bed instantly and went in search;
till he discovered; hanging among what he judged to be the stems of ore…
weed (Laminaria); three or four large pieces of stale thornback; of most
evil savour; and highly prejudicial to the purity of the sea; and the health
of the neighbouring herrings。 Happy Squinado! He needed not to
discover the limits of his authority; to consult any lengthy Nuisances'
Removal Act; with its clauses; and counter… clauses; and explanations of
interpretations; and interpretations of explanations。 Nature; who can
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afford to be arbitrary; because she is perfect; and to give her servants
irresponsible powers; because she has trained them to their work; had
bestowed on him and on his forefathers; as general health inspectors;
those very summary powers of entrance and removal in the watery
realms for which common sense; public opinion; and private
philanthropy are still entreating vainly in the terrestrial realms; so
finding a hole; in he went; and began to remove the nuisance; without
〃waiting twenty…four hours;〃 〃laying an information;〃 〃serving a notice;〃
or any other vain delay。 The evil was there; … and there it should not
stay; so having neither cart nor barrow; he just began putting it into his
stomach; and in the meanwhile set his assistants to work likewise。 For
suppose not; gentle reader; that Squinado went alone; in his train were
more than a hundred thousand as good as he; each in his office; and as
cheaply paid; who needed no cumbrous baggage train of force…pumps;
hose; chloride of lime packets; whitewash; pails or brushes; but were
every man his own instrument; and; to save expense of transit; just grew
on Squinado's back。 Do you doubt the assertion? Then lift him up
hither; and putting him gently into that shallow jar of salt water; look at
him through the hand…magnifier; and see how Nature is maxima in
minimis。
There he sits; twiddling his feelers (a substitute; it seems; with
crustacea for biting their nails when they are puzzled); and by no means
lovely to look on in vulgar eyes; … about the bigness of a man's fist; a
round…bodied; spindle…shanked; crusty; prickly; dirty fellow; with a
villanous squint; too; in those little bony eyes; which never look for a
moment both the same way。 Never mind: many a man of genius is
ungainly enough; and Nature; if you will observe; as if to make up to
him for his uncomeliness; has arrayed him as Solomon in all his glory
never was arrayed; and so fulfilled one of the proposals of old Fourier …
that scavengers; chimney… sweeps; and other workers in disgusting
employments; should be rewarded for their self…sacrifice in behalf of the
public weal by some peculiar badge of honour; or laurel crown。 Not
that his crown; like those of the old Greek games; is a mere useless
badge; on the contrary; his robe of state is composed of his fellow…
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servants。 His whole back is covered with a little grey forest of
branching hairs; fine as a spider's web; each branchlet carrying its little
pearly ringed club; each club its rose…coloured polype; like (to quote Mr。
Gosse's comparison) the unexpanded birds of the acacia。 (28)
On that leg grows; amid another copse of the grey polypes; a delicate
straw…coloured Sertularia; branch on branch of tiny double combs; each
tooth of the comb being a tube containing a living flower; on another leg
another Sertularia; coarser; but still beautiful; and round it again has
trained itself; parasitic on the parasite; plant upon plant of glass ivy;
bearing crystal bells; (29) each of which; too; protrudes its living flower;
on another leg is a fresh species; like a little heather…bush of whitest
ivory; (30) and every needle leaf a polype cell … let us stop before the
imagination grows dizzy with the contemplation of those myriads of
beautiful atomies。 And what is their use? Each living flower; each
polype mouth is feeding fast; sweeping into itself; by the perpetual
currents caused by the delicate fringes upon its rays (so minute these last;
that their motion only betrays their presence); each tiniest atom of
decaying matter in the surrounding water; to convert it; by some
wondrous alchemy; into fresh cells and buds; and either build up a fresh
branch in their thousand… tenanted tree; or form an egg…cell; from whence
when ripe may issue; not a fixed zoophyte; but a free swimming animal。
And in the meanwhile; among this animal forest grows a vegetable
one of delicatest sea…weeds; green and brown and crimson; whose office
is; by their everlasting breath; to reoxygenate the impure water; and
render it fit once more to be breathed by the higher animals who swim or
creep around。
Mystery of mysteries! Let us jest no more; … Heaven forgive us if
we have jested too much on so simple a matter as that poor spider… crab;
taken out of the lobster…pots; and left to die at the bottom of the boat;
because his more aristocratic cousins of the blue and purple armour will
not enter the trap while he is within。
I am not aware whether the surmise; that these tiny zoophytes help to
purify the water by exhaling oxygen gas; has yet been verified。 The
infusorial animalcules do so; reversing the functions of animal life; and
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instead of evolving carbonic acid gas; as other animals do; evolve pure
oxygen。 So; at least; says Liebig; who states that he found a small
piece of matchwood; just extinguished; burst out again into a flame on
being immersed in the bubbles given out by these living atomies。
I myself should be inclined to doubt that this is the case with
zoophytes; having found water in which they were growing (unless; of
course; sea…weeds were present) to be peculiarly ready to become foul;
but it is difficult to say whether this is owing to their deoxygenating the
water while alive; like other animals; or to the fact that it is very rare to
get a specimen of zoophyte in which a large number of the polypes have
not been killed in the transit home; or at least so far knocked about; that
(in the Anthozoa; which are far the most abundant) the polype … or rather
living mouth; for it is little more … is thrown off to decay; pending the
growth of a fresh one in the same cell。
But all the sea…weeds; in common with other vegetables; perform
this function continually; and thus maintain the water in which they
grow in a state fit to support animal life。
This fact … first advanced by Priestley and Ingenhousz; and though
doubted by the great Ellis; satisfactorily ascertained by Professor
Daubeny; Mr。 Ward; Dr。 Johnston; and Mr。 Warrington … gives an answer
to the question; which I hope has ere now arisen in the