第 5 节
作者:精灵王      更新:2021-04-30 17:22      字数:9322
  most awful and sublime depths; into an epos of the                  destruction and re…
  creation of a former world。
  This    is  but  a  single   instance;    I  might   give   hundreds。      This    one;
  nevertheless; may have some effect in awakening you to the                      boundless
  world of wonders which is all around you; and make   you                     ask   yourself
  seriously; 〃What branch of Natural History shall I              begin to investigate; if
  it be but for a few weeks; this summer?〃
  To which I answer; Try 〃the Wonders of the Shore。〃                 There are along
  every   sea…beach   more   strange   things   to   be   seen;   and   those   to   be  seen
  easily; than in any other field of observation which you will                find in these
  islands。    And on the shore only will you have the               enjoyment of finding
  new species; of adding your mite to the            treasures of science。
  For not only the English ferns; but the natural history of all our                land
  species;     are   now     well…nigh     exhausted。       Our     home     botanists     and
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  ornithologists are spending their time now; perforce; in verifying                      a few
  obscure   species;   and   bemoaning   themselves;   like Alexander;               that   there
  are no more worlds left to conquer。               For the geologist;        indeed; and the
  entomologist;   especially   in   the   remoter   districts;        much   remains   to   be
  done;   but   only   at   a   heavy   outlay   of   time;   labour;   and   study;   and   the
  dilettante   (and   it   is   for   dilettanti; like   myself;   that   I   principally   write)
  must be content to tread in           the tracks of greater men who have preceded
  him; and accept at        second or third hand their foregone conclusions。
  But this is most unsatisfactory; for in giving up discovery; one                    gives
  up    one   of   the   highest    enjoyments      of   Natural    History。     There      is   a
  mysterious   delight   in   the   discovery   of   a   new   species;   akin   to      that   of
  seeing   for   the   first   time;   in   their   native   haunts;   plants  or   animals   of
  which one has till then only read。             Some; surely; who          read these pages
  have experienced that latter delight; and; though                 they might find it hard
  to   define    whence     the   pleasure    arose;   know      well    that  it  was   a  solid
  pleasure;   the   memory   of   which   they   would         not   give   up   for   hard   cash。
  Some; surely; can recollect; at their             first sight of the Alpine Soldanella;
  the   Rhododendron;   or   the       black   Orchis;   growing   upon   the   edge   of   the
  eternal snow; a thrill       of emotion not unmixed with awe; a sense that they
  were; as it     were; brought face to face with the creatures of another world;
  that Nature was independent of them; not merely they of her; that                        trees
  were not merely made to build their houses; or herbs to feed                     their cattle;
  as they looked on those wild gardens amid the wreaths                     of the untrodden
  snow; which had lifted their gay flowers to the                 sun year after year since
  the   foundation   of   the   world;   taking   no     heed   of   man;   and   all   the   coil
  which he keeps in the valleys far            below。
  And even; to take a simpler instance; there are those who will                    excuse;
  or even approve of; a writer for saying that; among the                      memories of a
  month's   eventful   tour;   those   which        stand   out   as   beacon…points;       those
  round which all the others group themselves;                  are the first wolf…track by
  the road…side in the Kyllwald; the            first sight of the blue and green Roller…
  birds;   walking      behind    the   plough      like  rooks   in   the  tobacco…fields   of
  Wittlich; the first ball       of Olivine scraped out of the volcanic slag…heaps
  of the Dreisser… Weiher; the first pair of the Lesser Bustard flushed upon
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  the    downs      of   the   Mosel…kopf;       the   first  sight   of  the   cloud    of   white
  Ephemerae;         fluttering in the dusk like a summer snowstorm between us
  and   the    black   cliffs   of   the   Rheinstein;   while   the   broad   Rhine   beneath
  flashed     blood…red      in  the   blaze   of   the   lightning    and    the  fires   of   the
  Mausenthurm          …  a   lurid   Acheron      above     which     seemed      to  hover     ten
  thousand unburied ghosts; and last; but not least; on the lip of                       the vast
  Mosel…kopf   crater   …   just   above   the   point   where   the   weight       of   the   fiery
  lake has burst the side of the great slag…cup; and                    rushed forth between
  two cliffs of clink…stone across the downs; in                  a clanging stream of fire;
  damming   up   rivulets;   and   blasting   its         path   through   forests;   far   away
  toward the valley of the Moselle …               the sight of an object for which was
  forgotten for the moment that              battle…field of the Titans at our feet; and
  the    glorious     panorama;        Hundsruck        and    Taunus;     Siebengebirge        and
  Ardennes;  and   all the        crater peaks   around;  and   which   was   …   smile   not;
  reader … our first       yellow foxglove。
  But   what   is   even   this   to   the   delight   of   finding   a   new   species?   …   of
  rescuing (as it seems to you) one more thought of the Divine mind                           from
  Hela;   and   the   realms   of   the   unknown;   unclassified;          uncomprehended?
  As   it   seems   to   you:    though   in   reality   it   only    seems   so;   in   a   world
  wherein not a sparrow falls to the ground                unnoticed by our Father who is
  in heaven。
  The   truth   is;   the   pleasure   of   finding   new   species   is   too   great;   it is
  morally   dangerous;   for   it   brings   with   it   the   temptation   to   look      on   the
  thing found as your own possession; all but your own                       creation; to pride
  yourself     on   it;  as  if  God    had   not   known      it  for   ages    since;   even    to
  squabble   jealously   for   the   right   of   having   it     named   after   you;   and   of
  being recorded in the Transactions of I… know…not…what Society as its first
  discoverer:… as if all the         angels in heaven had not been admiring it; long
  before you were         born or thought of。
  But to be forewarned is to be forearmed; and I seriously counsel                        you
  to try if you cannot find something new this summer along the                           coast to
  which   you   are   going。       There   is   no   reason   why   you   should       not   be   so
  successful   as   a   friend   of   mine   who;   with   a   very   slight      smattering   of
  science;   and   very   desultory   research;   obtained   in   one         winter   from   the
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  Torbay   shores   three   entirely   new   species;   beside        several   rare   animals
  which had escaped all naturalists since the             lynx…eye of Colonel Montagu
  discerned them forty years ago。
  And do not despise the creatures because they are minute。                    No doubt
  we should most of us prefer discovering monstrous apes in the                       tropical
  forests   of   Borneo;   or   stumbling   upon   herds   of   gigantic     Ammon   sheep
  amid the rhododendron thickets of the Himalaya:                   but it   cannot be; and
  〃he is a fool;〃 says old Hesiod; 〃who knows not how                   much better half is
  than    the  whole。〃     Let    us  be   content    with   what    is   within   our   reach。
  And doubt   not   that   in   these   tiny  creatures     are   mysteries   more   than   we
  shall ever fathom。
  The zoophytes and microscopic animalcules which people every shore
  and every drop of water; have been now raised to a rank in the                       human
  mind more important; perhaps; than even those gigantic                    monsters whose
  models fill the lake at the Crystal Palace。            The     research which has been
  bestowed;   for   the   last   century;   upon   these    once   unnot