第 5 节
作者:向前      更新:2021-04-30 17:16      字数:9322
  alike notorious facts and secret practices。
  He then entrusted the conduct of his meditated treason to Onomastus;
  one of his freedmen; who brought over to his views Barbius Proculus;
  officer of the watchword to the bodyguard; and Veturius; a deputy
  centurion in the same force。 Having assured himself by various
  conversations with these men that they were cunning and bold; he
  loaded them with presents and promises; and furnished them with
  money with which to tempt the cupidity of others。 Thus two soldiers
  from the ranks undertook to transfer the Empire of Rome; and
  actually transferred it。 Only a few were admitted to be accomplices in
  the plot; but they worked by various devices on the wavering minds
  of the remainder; on the more distinguished soldiers; by hinting
  that the favours of Nymphidius had subjected them to suspicion; on the
  vulgar herd; by the anger and despair with which the repeated
  postponement of the donative had inspired them。 Some were fired by
  their recollections of Nero and their longing regrets for their old
  license。 All felt a common alarm at the idea of having to serve
  elsewhere。
  The contagion spread to the legions and the auxiliary troops;
  already excited by the news of the wavering loyalty of the army of
  Germany。 So ripe were the disaffected for mutiny and so close the
  secrecy preserved by the loyal; that they would actually have seized
  Otho on the 14th of January; as he was returning from dinner; had they
  not been deterred by the risks of darkness; the inconvenient
  dispersion of the troops over the whole city; and the difficulty of
  concerted action among a half…intoxicated crowd。 It was no care for
  the state; which they deliberately meditated polluting with the
  blood of their Emperor; it was a fear lest in the darkness of night
  any one who presented himself to the soldiers of the Pannonian or
  German army might be fixed on instead of Otho; whom few of them
  knew。 Many symptoms of the approaching outburst were repressed by
  those who were in the secret。 Some hints; which had reached Galba's
  ears; were turned into ridicule by Laco the prefect; who knew
  nothing of the temper of the soldiery; and who; inimical to all
  measures; however excellent; which he did not originate; obstinately
  thwarted men wiser than himself。
  On the 15th of January; as Galba was sacrificing in front of the
  temple of Apollo; the Haruspex Umbricius announced to him that the
  entrails had a sinister aspect; that treachery threatened him; that he
  had an enemy at home。 Otho heard; for he had taken his place close by;
  and interpreted it by contraries in a favourable sense; as promising
  success to his designs。 Not long after his freedman Onomastus informed
  him that the architect and the contractors were waiting for him。 It
  had been arranged thus to indicate that the soldiers were
  assembling; and that the preparations of the conspiracy were complete。
  To those who inquired the reason of his departure; Otho pretended that
  he was purchasing certain farm…buildings; which from their age he
  suspected to be unsound; and which had therefore to be first surveyed。
  Leaning on his freedman's arm; he proceeded through the palace of
  Tiberius to the Velabrum; and thence to the golden milestone near
  the temple of Saturn。 There three and twenty soldiers of the
  body…guard saluted him as Emperor; and; while he trembled at their
  scanty number; put him hastily into a chair; drew their swords; and
  hurried him onwards。 About as many more soldiers joined them on
  their way; some because they were in the plot; many from mere
  surprise; some shouted and brandished their swords; others proceeded
  in silence; intending to let the issue determine their sentiments。
  Julius Martialis was the tribune on guard in the camp。 Appalled by
  the enormity and suddenness of the crime; or perhaps fearing that
  the troops were very extensively corrupted and that it would be
  destruction to oppose them; he made many suspect him of complicity。
  The rest of the tribunes and centurions preferred immediate safety
  to danger and duty。 Such was the temper of men's minds; that; while
  there were few to venture on so atrocious a treason; many wished it
  done; and all were ready to acquiesce。
  Meanwhile the unconscious Galba; busy with his sacrifice; was
  importuning the gods of an empire that was now another's。 A rumour
  reached him; that some senator unknown was being hurried into the
  camp; before long it was affirmed that this senator was Otho。 At the
  same time came messengers from all parts of the city; where they had
  chanced to meet the procession; some exaggerating the danger; some;
  who could not even then forget to flatter; representing it as less
  than the reality。 On deliberation it was determined to sound the
  feeling of the cohort on guard in the palace; but not through Galba in
  person; whose authority was to be kept unimpaired to meet greater
  emergencies。 They were accordingly collected before the steps of the
  palace; and Piso addressed them as follows:… 〃Comrades; this is the
  sixth day since I became a Caesar by adoption; not knowing what was to
  happen; whether this title was to be desired; or dreaded。 It rests
  with you to determine what will be the result to my family and to
  the state。 It is not that I dread on my own account the gloomier
  issue; for I have known adversity; and I am learning at this very
  moment that prosperity is fully as dangerous。 It is the lot of my
  father; of the Senate; of the Empire itself; that I deplore; if we
  have either to fall this day; or to do what is equally abhorrent to
  the good; to put others to death。 In the late troubles we had this
  consolation; a capital unstained by bloodshed; and power transferred
  without strife。 It was thought that by my adoption provision was
  made against the possibility of war; even after Galba's death。
  〃I will lay no claim to nobleness; or moderation; for indeed; to
  count up virtues in comparing oneself with Otho is needless。 The
  vices; of which alone he boasts; overthrew the Empire; even when he
  was but the Emperor's friend。 Shall he earn that Empire now by his
  manner and his gait; or by those womanish adornments? They are
  deceived; on whom luxury imposes by its false show of liberality; he
  will know how to squander; he will not know how to give。 Already he is
  thinking of debaucheries; of revels; of tribes of mistresses。 These
  things he holds to be the prizes of princely power; things; in which
  the wanton enjoyment will be for him alone; the shame and the disgrace
  for all。 Never yet has any one exercised for good ends the power
  obtained by crime。 The unanimous will of mankind gave to Galba the
  title of Caesar; and you consented when he gave it to me。 Were the
  Senate; the Country; the People; but empty names; yet; comrades; it is
  your interest that the most worthless of men should not create an
  Emperor。 We have occasionally heard of legions mutinying against their
  generals; but your loyalty; your character; stand unimpeached up to
  this time。 Even with Nero; it was he that deserted you; not you that
  deserted him。 Shall less than thirty runaways and deserters whom no
  one would allow to choose a tribune or centurion for themselves;
  assign the Empire at their pleasure? Do you tolerate the precedent? Do
  you by your inaction make the crime your own? This lawless spirit will
  pass into the provinces; and though we shall suffer from this treason;
  you will suffer from the wars that will follow。 Again; no more is
  offered you for murdering your Prince; than you will have if you
  shun such guilt。 We shall give you a donative for your loyalty; as
  surely as others can give it for your treason。〃
  The soldiers of the body…guard dispersed; but the rest of the
  cohort; who shewed no disrespect to the speaker; displayed their
  standards; acting; as often happens in a disturbance; on mere
  impulse and without any settled plan; rather than; as was afterwards
  believed; with treachery and an intention to deceive。 Celsus Marius
  was sent to the picked troops from the army of Illyricum; then
  encamped in the Portico of Vipsanius。 Instructions were also given
  to Amulius Serenus and Quintius Sabinus; centurions of the first rank;
  to bring up the German soldiers from the Hall of Liberty。 No
  confidence was placed in the legion levied from the fleet; which had
  been enraged by the massacre of their comrades; whom Galba had
  slaughtered immediately on his entry into the capital。 Meanwhile
  Cetrius Severus; Subrius Dexter; and Pompeius Longinus; all three
  military tribunes; proceeded to the Praetorian camp; in the hope
  that a sedition; which was but just commencing; and not yet fully
  matured; might be swayed by better counsels。 Two of these