not　fixed　by　mere　arithmetic；　but　relatively　to　the　needs　of　the
  individual。＇16＇　In　other　words；　whatever　exceeds　sufficiency　is　much；
  and　what　falls　short　of　that　is　little。＇17＇
  ＇14＇　Reading　as　vulg。　｛alla　mentoi　kai　penetas　opsei　oukh　outos
  oligous　ton　idioton　os　pollous　ton　turannon｝。　Lit。　〃however　that
  may　be；　you　will　see　not　so　few　private　persons　in　a　state　of
  penury　as　many　despots。〃　Breitenbach　del。　｛oukh｝；　and　transl。；
  〃Daher　weist　du　auch　in　dem　Masse　wenige　Arme　unter　den　Privat…
  leuten　finden；　als　viele　unter　den　Tyrannen。〃　Stob。；　｛penetas
  opsei　oligous　ton　idioton；　pollous　de　ton　turannon｝。　Stob。　MS。
  Par。；　｛alla　mentoi　kai　plousious　opsei　oukh　outos　oligous　ton
  idioton　os　penetas　pollous　ton　turannon｝。　See　Holden　ad　loc。　and
  crit。　n。
  ＇15＇　Cf。　〃Mem。〃　IV。　ii。　37。
  ＇16＇　Or；　〃not　by　the　number　of　things　we　have；　but　in　reference　to　the
  use　we　make　of　them。〃　Cf。　〃Anab。〃　VII。　vii。　36。
  ＇17＇　Dr。　Holden　aptly　cf。　Addison；　〃The　Spectator；〃　No。　574；　on　the
  text　〃Non　possidentem　multa　vocaveris　recte　beatum　。　。　。〃
  And　on　this　principle　the　tyrant；　with　his　multiplicity　of　goods；　is
  less　well　provided　to　meet　necessary　expenses　than　the　private　person；
  since　the　latter　can　always　cut　down　his　expenditure　to　suit　his　daily
  needs　in　any　way　he　chooses；　but　the　tyrant　cannot　do　so；　seeing　that
  the　largest　expenses　of　a　monarch　are　also　the　most　necessary；　being
  devoted　to　various　methods　of　safeguarding　his　life；　and　to　cut　down
  any　of　them　would　be　little　less　than　suicidal。＇18＇
  ＇18＇　Or；　〃and　to　curtail　these　would　seem　to　be　self…slaughter。〃
  Or；　to　put　it　differently；　why　should　any　one　expend　compassion　on　a
  man；　as　if　he　were　a　beggar；　who　has　it　in　his　power　to　satisfy　by
  just　and　honest　means　his　every　need？＇19＇　Surely　it　would　be　more
  appropriate　to　call　that　man　a　wretched　starveling　beggar　rather；　who
  through　lack　of　means　is　driven　to　live　by　ugly　shifts　and　base
  contrivances。
  ＇19＇　i。e。　〃to　expend　compassion　on　a　man　who；　etc。；　were　surely　a
  pathetic　fallacy。〃　Al。　〃Is　not　the　man　who　has　it　in　his　power；
  etc。；　far　above　being　pitied？〃
  Now　it　is　your　tyrant　who　is　perpetually　driven　to　iniquitous
  spoilation　of　temples　and　human　beings；　through　chronic　need　of　money
  wherewith　to　meet　inevitable　expenses；　since　he　is　forced　to　feed　and
  support　an　army　（even　in　times　of　peace）　no　less　than　if　there　were
  actual　war；　or　else　he　signs　his　own　death…warrant。＇20＇
  ＇20＇　〃A　daily；　hourly　constraint　is　laid　upon　him　to　support　an　army
  as　in　war　time；　orwrite　his　epitaph！〃
  V
  But　there　is　yet　another　sore　affliction　to　which　the　tyrant　is
  liable；　Sinmonides；　which　I　will　name　to　you。　It　is　this。　Tyrants　no
  less　than　ordinary　mortals　can　distinguish　merit。　The　orderly；＇1＇　the
  wise；　the　just　and　upright；　they　freely　recognise；　but　instead　of
  admiring　them；　they　are　afraid　of　themthe　courageous；　lest　they
  should　venture　something　for　the　sake　of　freedom；　the　wise；　lest　they
  invent　some　subtle　mischief；＇2＇　the　just　and　upright；　lest　the
  multitude　should　take　a　fancy　to　be　led　by　them。
  ＇1＇　The　same　epithets　occur　in　Aristoph。　〃Plut。〃　89：
  ｛ego　gar　on　meirakion　epeiles'　oti
  os　tous　dikaious　kai　sophous　kai　kosmious
  monous　badioimen。｝
  Stob。　gives　for　｛kasmious｝　｛alkimous｝。
  ＇2＇　Or；　〃for　fear　of　machinations。〃　But　the　word　is　suggestive　of
  mechanical　inventions　also；　like　those　of　Archimedes　in　connection
  with　a　later　Hiero　（see　Plut。　〃Marcel。〃　xv。　foll。）；　or　of
  Lionardo；　or　of　Michael　Angelo　（Symonds；　〃Renaissance　in　Italy；〃
  〃The　Fine　Arts；〃　pp。　315；　393）。
  And　when　he　has　secretly　and　silently　made　away　with　all　such　people
  through　terror；　whom　has　he　to　fall　back　upon　to　be　of　use　to　him；
  save　only　the　unjust；　the　incontinent；　and　the　slavish…natured？＇3＇　Of
  these；　the　unjust　can　be　trusted　as　sharing　the　tyrant's　terror　lest
  the　cities　should　some　day　win　their　freedom　and　lay　strong　hands　upon
  them；　the　incontinent；　as　satisfied　with　momentary　license；　and　the
  slavish…natured；　for　the　simple　reason　that　they　have　not　themselves
  the　slightest　aspiration　after　freedom。＇4＇
  ＇3＇　Or；　〃the　dishonest；　the　lascivious；　and　the　servile。〃
  ＇4＇　〃They　have　no　aspiration　even　to　be　free；〃　〃they　are　content　to
  wallow　in　the　slough　of　despond。〃　The　｛adikoi｝　（unjust）　correspond
  to　the　｛dikaioi｝　（just）；　｛akrateis｝　（incontinent）　to　the　｛sophoi｝
  （wise）　（Breit。　cf。　〃Mem。〃　III。　ix。　4；　｛sophian　de　kai　sophrosunen
  ou　diorizen｝）；　｛andrapododeis｝　（servile）　to　the　｛kasmioi｝；
  ｛andreioi｝　（orderly；　courageous）。
  This；　then；　I　say；　appears　to　me　a　sore　affliction；　that　we　should
  look　upon　the　one　set　as　good　men；　and　yet　be　forced　to　lean　upon　the
  other。
  And　further；　even　a　tyrant　cannot　but　be　something　of　a　patriota
  lover　of　that　state；　without　which　he　can　neither　hope　for　safety　nor
  prosperity。　On　the　other　hand；　his　tyrrany；　the　exigencies　of　despotic
  rule；　compel　him　to　incriminate　his　fatherland。＇5＇　To　train　his
  citizens　to　soldiery；　to　render　them　brave　warriors；　and　well　armed；
  confers　no　pleasure　on　him；　rather　he　will　take　delight　to　make　his
  foreigners　more　formidable　than　those　to　whom　the　state　belongs；　and
  these　foreigners　he　will　depend　on　as　his　body…guard。
  ＇5＇　Or；　〃depreciate　the　land　which　gave　him　birth。〃　Holden　cf。
  〃Cyrop。〃　VII。　ii。　22。　See　Sturz；　s。v。
  Nay　more；　not　even　in　the　years　of　plenty；＇6＇　when　abundance　of　all
  blessings　reigns；　not　even　then　may　the　tyrant's　heart　rejoice　amid
  the　general　joy；　for　the　greater　the　indigence　of　the　community　the
  humbler　he　will　find　them：　that　is　his　theory。
  ＇6＇　〃In　good　seasons；〃　〃seasons　of　prosperity。〃　Cf。　Aristot。　〃Pol。〃　v。
  6。　17。
  VI
  He　continued：　I　desire　to　make　known　to　you；　Simonides；＇1＇　those
  divers　pleasures　which　were　mine　whilst　I　was　still　a　private　citizen；
  but　of　which　to…day；　nay；　from　the　moment　I　became　a　tyrant；　I　find
  myself　deprived。　In　those　days　I　consorted　with　my　friends　and
  fellows；　to　our　mutual　delectation；＇2＇　or；　if　I　craved　for
  quietude；＇3＇　I　chose　myself　for　my　companion。　Gaily　the　hours　flitted
  at　our　drinking…parties；　ofttimes　till　we　had　drowned　such　cares　and
  troubles　as　are　common　to　the　life　of　man　in　Lethe's　bowl；＇4＇　or
  ofttimes　till　we　had　steeped　our　souls　in　song　and　dance＇5＇　and
  revelry；　ofttimes　till　the　flame　of　passion　kindled　in　the　breasts　of
  my　companions　and　my　own。＇6＇　But　now；　welladay；　I　am　deprived　of　those
  who　took　delight　in　me；　because　I　have　slaves　instead　of　friends　as　my
  companions；　I　am　robbed　of　my　once　delightful　intercourse　with　them；
  because　I　discern　no　vestige　of　goodwill　towards　me　in　their　looks。
  And　as　to　the　wine…cup　and　slumberthese　I　guard　against；　even　as　a
  man　might　guard　against　an　ambuscade。　Think　only！　to　dread　a　crowd；　to
  dread　solitude；　to　dread　the　absence　of　a　guard；　to　dread　the　very
  guards　that　guard；　to　shrink　from　having　those　about　one's　self
  unarmed；　and　yet　to　hate　the　sight　of　armed　attendants。　Can　you
  conceive　a　more　troublesome　circumstance？＇7＇　But　that　is　not　all。　To
  place　more　confidence　in　foreigners　than　in　your　fellow…citizens；　nay；
  in　barbarians　than　in　Hellenes；　to　be　consumed　with　a　desire　to　keep
  freemen　slaves　and　yet　to　be　driven；　will　he　nill　he；　to　make　slaves
  free；　are　not　all　these　the　symptoms　of　a　mind　distracted　and　amazed
  with　terror？
  ＇1＇　Or；　〃I　wish　I　could　disclose　to　you　（he　added）　those　heart…easing
  joys。〃　For　｛euphrosunas｝　cf。　〃Od。〃　vi。　156；　Aesch。　〃P。　V。〃　540；
  Eur。　〃Bacch。〃　376。　A　favourite　word　with　our　author；　see　〃Ages。〃
  ix。　4；　〃Cyrop。〃　passim；　〃Mem。〃　III。　viii。　10；　〃Econ。〃　ix。　12。
  ＇2＇　Lit。　〃delighting　I　in　them　and　they　in　me。〃
  ＇3＇　Or；　〃when　I　sought　tranquility　I　was　my　own　companion。〃
  ＇4＇　Or；　〃in　sheer　forgetfulness。〃
  ＇5＇　Or；　〃absorbed　our　souls　in　song　and　festal　cheer　and　dance。〃　Cf。
  〃Od。〃　viii。　248；　249；　｛aiei　d'　emin　dais　te　phile　kitharis　te
  khoroi　te｝　｜　｛eimata　t'　exemoiba　loetra　te　therma　kau　eunai｝；　〃and
  dear　to　us　ever　is　the　banquet　and　the　harp　and　the　dance；　and
  changes　of　raiment；　and　the　warm　bath；　and　love　and　sleep〃
  （Butcher　and　Lang）。