Early　Sheffield　manufactures
  Invention　of　blistered　steel
  Important　uses　of　cast…steel
  Le　Play's　writings　on　the　subject
  Early　career　of　Benjamin　Huntsman　at　Doncaster
  His　experiments　in　steel…making
  Removes　to　the　neighbourhood　of　Sheffield
  His　laborious　investigations；　failures；　and　eventual　success
  Process　of　making　cast…steel
  The　Sheffield　manufacturers　refuse　to　use　it
  Their　opposition　foiled
  How　they　wrested　Huntsman's　secret　from　him
  Important　results　of　the　invention　to　the　industry　of　Sheffield
  Henry　Bessemer　and　his　process
  Heath's　invention
  Practical　skill　of　the　Sheffield　artisans
  CHAPTER　VII。
  THE　INVENTIONS　OF　HENRY　CORT。
  Parentage　of　Henry　Cort
  Becomes　a　navy　agent
  State　of　the　iron　trade
  Cort's　experiments　in　iron…making
  Takes　a　foundry　at　Fontley
  Partnership　with　Jellicoe
  Various　improvers　in　iron…making：　　Roebuck；　Cranege；　Onions
  Cort's　improved　processes　described
  His　patents
  His　inventions　adopted　by　Crawshay；　Homfray；　and　other　ironmasters
  Cort's　iron　approved　by　the　Admiralty
  Public　defalcations　of　Adam　Jellicoe；　Cort's　partner
  Cort's　property　and　patents　confiscated
  Public　proceedings　thereon
  Ruin　of　Henry　Cort
  Account　of　Richard　Crawshay；　the　great　ironmaster
  His　early　life
  Ironmonger　in　London
  Starts　an　iron…furnace　at　Merthyr　Tydvil
  Projects　and　makes　a　canal
  Growth　of　Merthyr　Tydvil　and　its　industry
  Henry　Cort　the　founder　of　the　iron　aristocracy；　himself　unrewarded
  CHAPTER　VIII。
  THE　SCOTCH　IRON　MANUFACTUREDr。　ROEBUCKDAVID　MUSHET。
  Dr。　Roebuck；　a　forgotten　public　benefactor
  His　birth　and　education
  Begins　business　as　a　physician　at　Birmingham
  Investigations　in　metallurgy
  Removes　to　Scotland；　and　begins　the　manufacture　of　chemicals；　&c。
  Starts　the　Carron　Iron　Works；　near　Falkirk
  His　invention　of　refining　iron　in　a　pit…coal　fire
  Embarks　in　coal…mining　at　Boroughstoness
  Residence　at　Kinneil　House
  Pumping…engines　wanted　for　his　colliery
  Is　introduced　to　James　Watt
  Progress　of　Watt　in　inventing　the　steam…engine
  Interviews　with　Dr。　Roebuck
  Roebuck　becomes　a　partner　in　the　steam…engine　patent
  Is　involved　in　difficulties；　and　eventually　ruined
  Advance　of　the　Scotch　iron　trade
  Discovery　of　the　Black　Band　by　David　Mushet
  Early　career　of　Mushet
  His　laborious　experiments
  His　inventions　and　discoveries　in　iron　and　steel；　and　death
  CHAPTER　IX。
  INVENTION　OF　THE　HOT　BLASTJAMES　BEAUMONT　NEILSON。
  Difficulty　of　smelting　the　Black　Band　by　ordinary　process　until　the
  invention　of　the　hot　blast
  Early　career　of　James　Beaumont　Neilson
  Education　and　apprenticeship
  Works　as　an　engine…fireman
  As　colliery　engine…wright
  Appointed　foreman　of　the　Glasgow　Gas…works；　afterwards　manager　and　engineer
  His　self…education
  His　Workmen's　Institute
  His　experiments　in　iron…smelting
  Trials　with　heated　air　in　the　blast…furnace
  Incredulity　of　ironmasters
  Success　of　his　experiments；　and　patenting　of　his　process
  His　patent　right　disputed；　and　established
  Extensive　application　of　the　hot　blast
  Increase　of　the　Scotch　iron　trade
  Extraordinary　increase　in　the　value　of　estates　yielding　Black　Band
  Scotch　iron　aristocracy
  CHAPTER　X。
  MECHANICAL　INVENTIONS　AND　INVENTORS。
  Tools　and　civilization
  The　beginnings　of　tools
  Dexterity　of　hand　chiefly　relied　on
  Opposition　to　manufacturing　machines
  Gradual　process　of　invention
  The　human　race　the　true　inventor
  Obscure　origin　of　many　inventions
  Inventions　born　before　their　time
  〃Nothing　new　under　the　sun〃
  The　power　of　steam　known　to　the　ancients
  Passage　from　Roger　Bacon
  Old　inventions　revived
  Printing
  Atmospheric　locomotion
  The　balloon
  The　reaping　machine
  Tunnels
  Gunpowder
  Ancient　firearms
  The　steam　gun
  The　Congreve　rocket
  Coal…gas
  Hydropathy
  Anaesthetic　agents
  The　Daguerreotype　anticipated
  The　electric　telegraph　not　new
  Forgotten　inventors
  Disputed　inventions
  Simultaneous　inventions
  Inventions　made　step　by　step
  James　Watt's　difficulties　with　his　workmen
  Improvements　in　modern　machine…tools
  Their　perfection
  The　engines　of　〃The　Warrior〃
  CHAPTER　XI。
  JOSEPH　BRAMAH。
  The　inventive　faculty
  Joseph　Bramah's　early　life
  His　amateur　work
  Apprenticed　to　a　carpenter
  Starts　as　cabinet…maker　in　London
  Takes　out　a　patent　for　his　water…closet
  Makes　pumps　and　ironwork
  Invention　of　his　lock
  Invents　tools　required　in　lock…making
  Invents　his　hydrostatic　machine
  His　hydraulic　press
  The　leathern　collar　invented　by　Henry　Maudslay
  Bramah's　other　inventions
  His　fire…engine
  His　beer…pump
  Improvements　in　the　steam…engine
  His　improvements　in　machine…tools
  His　number…printing　machine
  His　pen…cutter
  His　hydraulic　machinery
  Practises　as　civil　engineer
  Altercation　with　William　Huntington；　〃S。S。〃
  Bramah's　character　and　death
  CHAPTER　XII。
  HENRY　MAUDSLAY。
  The　Maudslays
  Henry　Maudslay
  Employed　as　powder…boy　in　Woolwich　Arsenal
  Advanced　to　the　blacksmiths'　shop
  His　early　dexterity　in　smith…work
  His　〃trivet〃　making
  Employed　by　Bramah
  Proves　himself　a　first…class　workman
  Advanced　to　be　foreman　of　the　works
  His　inventions　of　tools　required　for　lock…making
  His　invention　of　the　leathern　collar　in　the　hydraulic　press
  Leaves　Bramah's　service　and　begins　business　for　himself
  His　first　smithy　in　Wells　Street
  His　first　job
  Invention　of　the　slide…lathe
  Resume　of　the　history　of　the　turning…lathe
  Imperfection　of　tools　about　the　middle　of　last　century
  The　hand…lathe
  Great　advantages　of　the　slide　rest
  First　extensively　used　in　constructing　Brunel's　Block　Machinery
  Memoir　of　Brunel
  Manufacture　of　ships'　blocks
  Sir　S。　Bentham's　specifications
  Introduction　of　Brunel　to　Maudslay
  The　block…machinery　made；　and　its　success
  Increased　operations　of　the　firm
  Improvements　in　the　steam…engine
  Invention　of　the　punching…machine
  Further　improvements　in　the　slide…lathe
  Screw…cutting　machine
  Maudslay　a　dexterous　and　thoughtful　workman
  His　character　described　by　his　pupil；　James　Nasmyth
  Anecdotes　and　traits
  Maudslay's　works　a　first…class　school　for　workmen
  His　mode　of　estimating　character
  His　death
  CHAPTER　XIII。
  JOSEPH　CLEMENT。
  Skill　in　contrivance　a　matter　of　education
  Birth　and　parentage　of　Joseph　Clement
  Apprenticed　to　the　trade　of　a　slater
  His　skill　in　amateur　work
  Makes　a　turning…lathe
  Gives　up　slating；　and　becomes　a　mechanic
  Employed　at　Kirby　Stephen　in　making　power…looms
  Removes　to　Carlisle
  Glasgow
  Peter　Nicholson　teaches　him　drawing
  Removes　to　Aberdeen
  Works　as　a　mechanic　and　attends　College
  London
  Employed　by　Alexander　Galloway
  Employed　by　Bramah
  Advanced　to　be　foreman
  Draughtsman　at　Maudslay　and　Field's
  Begins　business　on　his　own　account
  His　skill　as　a　mechanical　draughtsman
  Invents　his　drawing　instrument
  His　drawing…table
  His　improvements　in　the　self…acting　lathe
  His　double…driving　centre…chuck　and　two…armed　driver
  His　fluted　taps　and　dies
  Invention　of　his　Planing　Machine
  Employed　to　make　Babbage's　Calculating　Machine
  Resume　of　the　history　of　apparatus　for　making　calculations
  Babbage's　engine　proceeded　with
  Its　great　cost
  Interruption　of　the　work
  Clement's　steam…whistles
  Makes　an　organ
  Character　and　death
  CHAPTER　XIV。
  FOX　OF　DERBYMURRAY　OF　LEEDSROBERTS　AND　WHITWORTH　OF　MANCHESTER。
  The　first　Fox　of　Derby　originally　a　butler
  His　genius　for　mechanics
  Begins　business　as　a　machinist
  Invents　a　Planing　Machine
  Matthew　Murray's　Planing　Machine
  Murray's　early　career
  Employed　as　a　blacksmith　by　Marshall　of　Leeds
  His　improvements　of　flax…machinery
  Improvements　in　steam…engines
  Makes　the　first　working　locomotive　for　Mr。　Blenkinsop
  Invents　the　Heckling　Machine
  His　improvements　in　tools
  Richard　Roberts　of　Manchester
  First　a　quarryman；　next　a　pattern…maker
  Drawn　for　the　militia；　and　flies
  His　travels
  His　first　employment　at　Manchester
  Goes　to　London；　and　works　at　Maudslay's
  Roberts's　numerous　inventions
  Invents　a　planing　machine
  The　self…acting　mule
  Iron　billiard…tables
  Improvements　in　the　locomotive
  Invents　the　Jacquard　punching　machine
  Makes　turret…clocks　and　electro…magnets
  Improvement　in　screw…steamships
  Mr。　Whitworth's　improvement　of　the　planing　machine
  His　method　of　securing　true　surfaces
  His　great　mechanical　skill
  CHAPTER　XV。
  JAMES　NASMYTH。
  Traditional　origin　of　the　Naesmyths
  Alexander　Nasmyth　the　painter；　and　his　family
  Early　years　of　James　Nasmyth
  The　story　of　his　life　told　by　himself
  Becomes　a　pupil　of　Henry　Maudslay
  How　he　lived　and　worked　in　London
  Begins　business　at　Manchester
  Story　of　the　invention　of　the　Steam　Hammer
  The　important　uses　of　the　Hammer　in　modem　engineering
  Invents　the　steam　pile…driving　machine
  Designs　a　new　form　of　steam…engine
  Other　inventi