第 10 节
作者:连过十一人      更新:2021-02-27 01:34      字数:9322
  lies dead…beat; nor must he wittingly leave any patch of green or clod of
  earth untested。'41' Backwards and forwards he must try and try again the
  ground;'42' to be sure that nothing has been overlooked。 The fact is; the
  little creature lies in a small compass; and from fatigue and fear will not
  get   up。   As   he   leads   the   hounds   on   he   will   cheer   and   encourage   them;
  addressing   with      many   a   soft  term   the  docile    creature;   the  self…willed;
  stubborn brute more rarely; and to a moderate extent the hound of average
  capacity; till he either succeeds in running down or driving into the toils
  some victim。'43' After which he will pick up his nets; both small and large
  alike; giving every hound a rub down; and return home from the hunting…
  field; taking care; if it should chance to be a summer's noon; to halt a bit;
  so that the feet of his hounds may not be blistered on the road。
  '41' Lit。 〃anything which earth puts forth or bears upon her bosom。〃
  '42' Or; 〃Many and many a cast back must he make。〃
  '43' The   famous   stanzas in   〃Venus   and Adonis〃   may  fitly  close   this
  chapter。
  And when thou hast on foot the purblind hare; Mark the poor wretch;
  to overshoot his troubles How he outruns the wind and with what care He
  cranks     and   crosses    with   a  thousand     doubles:         The     many    musets
  through the which he goes             Are like a labyrinth to amaze his foes。
  Sometimes   he   runs   among   a   flock   of   sheep;   To   make   the   cunning
  hounds   mistake   their   smell;  And   sometimes   where   earth…delving   conies
  keep; To stop the loud pursuers in their yell;                 And sometimes sorteth
  with a herd of deer:          Danger deviseth shifts; wit waits on fear:
  For there his smell with others being mingled; The hot scent…snuffing
  hounds   are   driven   to   doubt;   Ceasing   their   clamorous   cry   till   they   have
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  singled With much ado the cold fault cleanly out:                    Then do they spend
  their mouths: Echo replies;             As if another chase were in the skies。
  By this; poor Wat; far off upon a hill; Stands on his hinder legs with
  listening   ear;   To   hearken   if   his   foes   pursue   him   still:   Anon   their   loud
  alarums      he  doth   hear;       And     now    his  grief   may   be    compared      well
  To one sore sick that hears the passing…bell。
  Then     shalt   thou   see   the   dew…bedabbled        wretch    Turn;   and    return;
  indenting   with   the  way;   Each   envious brier  his   weary  legs doth   scratch;
  Each     shadow     makes     him    stop;  each    murmur      stay:       For    misery    is
  trodden on by many;             And being low never relieved by any。
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  VII
  For breeding purposes choose winter; and release the bitches from hard
  work;'1' which will enable them to profit by repose and to produce a fine
  progeny      towards    spring;   since   that   season   is  the  best   to  promote     the
  growth of the young dogs。 The bitch is in heat for fourteen days;'2' and
  the   moment   at   which   to   put   her   to   the   male;   with   a   view   to   rapid   and
  successful impregnation; is when the heat is passing off。 Choose a good
  dog for the purpose。 When the bitch is ready to whelp she should not be
  taken    out   hunting    continuously;     but   at  intervals   sufficient    to  avoid   a
  miscarriage through her over…love of toil。 The period of gestation lasts for
  sixty days。 When littered the puppies should be left to ther own dam; and
  not placed under another bitch; foster…nursing does not promote growth in
  the same way;  whilst nothing is so good   for them as   their own   mother's
  milk and her breath;'3' and the tenderness of her caresses。'4'
  '1'   Or;   〃Winter   is   the   time   at   which   to   pair   dogs   for   breeding;   the
  bitches     to  be   released    from   hard    work;    so   that  with   the   repose    so
  secured they may produce a fine litter in spring。〃
  '2'   Lit。   〃this   necessity   holds。〃   Cf。   Aristot。   〃H。   A。〃   vi。   20;   Arrian;
  xxvii。; xxxi。 3。
  '3' Cf。 Eur。 〃Tro。〃 753; {o khrotos edu pneuma}。
  '4'   Cf。   Arrian;   xxx。   2;  Pollux;    v。  50;  Columella;      vii。  12;  12;  ap。
  Schneid。
  Presently;   when   the   puppies   are   strong   enough   to   roam   about;   they
  should be given milk'5' for a whole year; along with what will form their
  staple diet in the future; but nothing else。 A heavy diet will distort the legs
  of    a  young     dog;   engender     disease    in  other    limbs;   and    the  internal
  mechanism will get out of order。'6'
  '5' See Arrian; xxxi。; Stonehenge; p。 264。
  '6' Or; 〃the internal organs get wrong〃 ({adika})。 Cf。 〃Memorabilia;〃
  IV。 iv。 5。
  They should have short names given them; which will be easy to call
  out。'7' The   following   may   serve   as   specimens:Psyche;   Pluck;   Buckler;
  Spigot; Lance; Lurcher; Watch; Keeper; Brigade; Fencer; Butcher; Blazer;
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  Prowess; Craftsman;  Forester; Counsellor;  Spoiler; Hurry;  Fury;   Growler;
  Riot;   Bloomer;   Rome;   Blossom;   Hebe;   Hilary;   Jolity;   Gazer;   Eyebright;
  Much; Force; Trooper; Bustle; Bubbler; Rockdove; Stubborn; Yelp; Killer;
  Pele…mele;   Strongboy;   Sky;   Sunbeam;   Bodkin;   Wistful;   Gnome;   Tracks;
  Dash。'8'
  '7' Cf。 Arrian; xxxi。 2; Oppian; 〃Cyn;〃 i。 443; ap。 Schneid。
  '8' The following is Xenophon's list:
  {Psukhe}     =  Soul   {Thumos}      =  Spirit  {Porpax}    =   Hasp   of  shield
  {Sturax} = Spike of spear at the butt end {Logkhe} = Lance {Lokhos} =
  Ambush; or 〃Company〃 {Phroura} = Watch {Phulax} = Guard {Taxis} =
  Order;     Rank;   Post;   Brigade     {Xiphon}     =   Swordsman       {Phonax}     =
  Slaughterer;   cf。   〃King   Death〃   {Phlegon}   =   Blazer   {'Alke}   =   Prowess;
  Victory    {Teukhon}     =   Craftsman    {'Uleus}    =  Woodsman;      〃Dashwood〃
  {Medas}   =   Counsellor   {Porthon}   =   Spoiler;   〃Rob   Roy〃   {Sperkhon}   =
  Hastener;   〃Rocket〃   {'Orge}   =   Fury;   Rage   {Bremon}   =   Growler;   Roarer
  {'Ubris}     =  Hybris;   Riot;   Insolence   {Thallon}     =  Blooming;     〃Gaudy〃
  {'Rome}   =   Strength;   〃Romeo〃   {'Antheus}   =   Blossom   {'Eba}   =   Youth
  {Getheus}   =   Gladsome   {Khara}   =   Joy   {Leusson}   =   Gazer   {Augo}   =
  Daybeam  {Polus}  =  Much   {Bia}  =  Force  {Stikhon}  =  Stepping   in   rank
  and file {Spoude} = Much ado {Bruas} = Gusher {Oinas} = (1) Vine; (2)
  Rockdove。 See Aristot。 〃H。 A。〃 v。 13;                 14; i。 3; 10; Ael。 〃N。 A。〃 iv。
  58。 = Columba livia =                rockdove; the colour of ripening grapes; al。
  {oinas} =              the vine。 {Sterros} = 〃Stiff;〃 〃King Sturdy〃 {Krauge}
  = Clamour。 Cf。 Plat。 〃Rep。〃 607 B。 {Kainon} = Killer {Turbas} = 〃Topsy…
  turvy〃 {Sthenon} = Strong man {Aither} = Ether {'Aktis} = Ray of light
  {Aikhme}       =  Spear…point    {Nors}    =  Clever   (girl)  {Gnome}     =   Maxim
  {Stibon} = Tracker {'Orme} = Dash。 So Arrian (〃Cyn。〃 viii。 5) named his
  favourite hound。
  For other names see Herodian; {peri mon。 l} (on monosyllables);
  12。 7; 〃Corp。 Inscr。〃 iv。 p。 184; n。 8319; Arrian; v。 6; xix。;           Colum。 vii。
  12;   13。   According   to  Pollux;   v。   47;  Xenophon   had   a  dog       named
  {ippokentauros} (cf。 〃Cyrop。〃 IV。 iii。 17)。
  The young hounds may be taken out to the chase at the age of eight
  months'9' if bitches; or if males at the age of ten。 They should not be let
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  loose on the trail of a hare sitting;'10' but should be kept attached by long
  leashes and allowed to follow on a line while scenting;'11' with free scope
  to run along the trail。'12'
  '9' Cf。 Pollux; v。 54; al。 Arrian; xxv。; xxvi。
  '10' Pollux; v。 12。
  '11' 〃The dogs that are trailing;〃 Blane。
  '12'    See    Stonehenge;      〃Entering      of  greyhound       and   deerhound;      of
  foxhounds and harriers;〃 pp。 284; 285。
  As soon as a hare is found; provided the young hounds have the right
  points'13'      for  running;     they   should    not   be   let  loose   straight   off:   the
  huntsman should wait until the hare has got a good start and is out of sight;
  then let the young hounds go。'14' The