第 3 节
作者:连过十一人      更新:2021-02-27 01:34      字数:9321
  twelve to twenty…four or thirty feet; the latter from sixty to one hundred
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  and   twenty   or   one   hundred   and   eighty   feet。'11'   If   larger   they   will   be
  unwieldy   and   hard   to   manage。   Both   should   be   thirty…knotted;   and   the
  interval of the nooses the same as in the ordinary small nets。 At the elbow
  ends'12' the road net should be furnished with nipples'13' (or eyes); and
  the larger sort (the haye) with rings; and both alike with a running line of
  twisted   cord。   The   pronged   stakes'14'   for   the   small   nets   should   be   ten
  palms high;'15' as a rule; but there should be some shorter ones besides;
  those    of   unequal    length    will   be  convenient      to  equalise    the   height   on
  uneven ground; and those of equal length on level。 They should be sharp…
  tipped so as to draw out easily'16' and smooth throughout。 Those for the
  road nets should be twice the height;'17' and those for the big (haye) nets
  five spans long;'18' with small forks; the notches not deep; they should be
  stout and solid; of a thickness proportionate to their length。 The number of
  props     needed      for   the   nets    will   varymany       or   few;    according      to
  circumstances;   a   less   number   if   the   tension   on   the   net   be   great;   and   a
  larger number when the nets are slack。'19'
  '3' Phasian or Carchedonian。 Cf。 Pollux; v。 26。
  '4' {arkus; enodia; diktua}。
  '5' 'L。 Dind。 brackets。' See Pollux; v。 27; ap。 Schn。
  '6'    {spithame};      a  span   (dodrans)     =   7  1/2   inches。   Herod。     ii。  106;
  {trispithamos}; Hes。 〃Op。〃 424; Plat。 〃Alc。〃 i。 126 C; Aristot。                        〃H。 A。〃
  viii。 28。 5; Polyb。 v。 3…6。
  '7' {to megethos}。
  '8'    Or;   〃eight    fingers'    breadth    +〃   =   6   inches    +。   {palaiste}     or
  {palaste}; a palm or four fingers' breadth = 3 inches +。
  '9' {tous brokhous}; a purse or tunnel arrangement with slip loop。
  '10'   Reading   {upheisthosan   de   oi   peridromoi   anammatoi}。   Lit。   〃the
  cords that run round should be inserted without knots。〃 See                         Pollux; v。
  28 foll。
  '11' Lit。 〃2; 4; 5 fathoms; 10; 20; 30 fathoms。〃
  '12'   {akroleniois};   elbows;   Pollux;   v。   29;   al。   {akroliniois};   L。   &   S。;
  〃on the edges or borders。〃
  '13' {mastous}; al。 〃tufts。〃
  '14' {skhalides}; forks or net props。 Cf。 Pollux; v。 19。 31。
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  '15' i。e。 30 + inches = 2 1/2 + ft。; say 36 inches = 3 ft。
  '16'   {euperispastoi   ta   akra};   al。   〃they   should   be   made   so   that   the
  nets   can   be   fitted   on   and   off   easily;   with   sharp   points〃;   or   〃off      the
  points easily。〃
  '17' {siplasiai}; i。e。 20 palms = 60 + inches; say 72; or 6 ft。
  '18' {pentespithamoi}; i。e。 5 x 7 1/2 inches = 37 1/2 inches = 3 ft。 1
  1/2 inch; al。 5 x 9 inches = 45 inches = 3 ft。 9 inches。
  '19'   Or;   〃if   in   the   particular   position   the   nets   are   taut;   a   larger   if
  they lie slack。〃
  Lastly;     for  the   purpose     of   carrying    the   nets   and    hayes;    for  either
  sort'20'   there   must       be   a   bag  of   calf…skin;   and    billhooks   to   cut    down
  branches and stop gaps in the woods when necessary。'21'
  '20'   Reading;   with   Lenz;   {ekaterois};   or   if;   as   C。   Gesner   conj。;   {e
  ekatera}; transl。 〃or either separately。〃
  '21' Or; 〃for the purpose of felling wood and stopping up gaps where
  necessary。〃
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  III
  There   are   two   breeds   of   sporting   dogs:   the   Castorian   and   the   fox…
  like。'1' The former get their name from Castor; in memory of the delight
  he   took   in   the   business   of   the   chase;   for   which   he   kept   this   breed   by
  preference。'2'       The     other   breed     is  literally   foxy;    being    the   progeny
  originally of the dog and the fox; whose natures have in the course of ages
  become blent。'3'
  '1'   {Kastoriai};   or   Laconian;   approaching   possibly   the   harrier   type;
  {alopekides}; i。e。 vulpocanine; hybrid between fox and dog。                      '2' Or; 〃get
  their appellation from the fact that Castor took delight                      in the business
  of    the  chase;    and   kept   this  breed    specially   for         the    purpose。〃     Al。
  {diephulaxen}; 〃propagated and preserved the                        breed which we now
  have。〃   See   Darwin;   〃Animals   and   Plants   under                Domestication;〃   ii。
  202; 209。
  '3'    Or;   〃and   through     lapse    of  time   the   twofold     characteristics     of
  their progenitors have become blent。〃 See Timoth。 Gaz。 ap。                           Schneid。
  ad loc。 for an ancient superstition as to breeds。
  Both species present a large proportion of defective animals'4' which
  fall   short   of   the   type;   as   being   under…sized;   or   crook…nosed;'5'   or   gray…
  eyed;'6'      or  near…sighted;      or  ungainly;     or   stiff…jointed;   or   deficient    in
  strength; thin…haired; lanky; disproportioned; devoid of pluck or of nose; or
  unsound   of   foot。   To   particularise:   an   under…sized   dog   will;   ten   to   one;
  break off from the chase'7' faint and flagging in the performance of his
  duty   owing   to   mere   diminutiveness。 An   aquiline   nose   means   no   mouth;
  and   consequently  an   inability  to   hold   the   hare   fast。'8' A  blinking   bluish
  eye implies defect of vision;'9' just as want of shape means ugliness。'10'
  The stiff…limbed dog will come home limping from the hunting…field;'11'
  just   as   want    of  strength    and    thinness    of  coat   go   hand    in   hand    with
  incapacity   for   toil。'12'   The   lanky…legged;   unsymmetrical   dog;   with   his
  shambling        gait   and   ill…  compacted       frame;    ranges    heavily;     while    the
  spiritless animal will leave his work to skulk off out of the sun into shade
  and   lie   down。   Want   of   nose   means   scenting   the   hare   with   difficulty;   or
  only  once   in   a   way;   and   however   courageous   he   may   be;   a   hound   with
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  unsound       feet  cannot     stand    the  work;     but   through     foot…soreness      will
  eventually give in。'13'
  '4'   Or;   〃defective   specimens   (that   is   to   say;   the   majority)   are   to   be
  noted; as follows。〃
  '5' {grupai}。
  '6' {kharopoi}。 Al。 Arrian; iv。 4; 5。
  '7' Or; 〃will probably retire from the chase and throw up the business
  through mere diminutiveness。〃
  '8' Or; 〃a hook…nosed (? pig…jawed; see Stonehenge; 〃The Dog;〃 p。 19;
  4th ed。) dog has a bad mouth and cannot hold。〃
  '9' Or; 〃a short…sighted; wall…eyed dog has defective vision。〃
  '10' Or; 〃they are weedy; ugly brutes as a rule。〃
  '11' Or; 〃stiffness of limbs means he will come off。〃 Cf。 〃Mem。〃 III。
  xiii。 6。
  '12' Lit。 〃a weak; thinly…haired animal is incapable of severe toil。〃
  '13' Or; 〃Nor will courage compensate for unsound feet。 The toil and
  moil will be too great to endure; and owing to the pains in his                        feet he
  will in the end give in。〃
  Similarly   many   different   modes   of   hunting   a   line   of   scent   are   to   be
  seen in the same species of hound。'14' One dog as soon as he has found
  the trail will go along without sign or symptom to show that he is on the
  scent; another will vibrate his ears only and keep his tail'15' perfectly still;
  while a  third has   just   the opposite propensity: he   will keep his   ears still
  and   wag   with   the   tip   of   his   tail。   Others   draw   their   ears   together;   and
  assuming a solemn air;'16' drop their tails; tuck them between their legs;
  and scour along the line。 Many do nothing of the sort。'17' They tear madly
  about;   babbling   round   the   line   when   they   light   upon   it;   and   senselessly
  trampling      out    the   scent。   Others     again   will   make     wide     circuits   and
  excursions; either forecasting the line;'18' they overshoot it and leave the
  hare   itself   behind;   or   every   time   they   run   against   the   line   they   fall   to
  conjecture; and when they catch sight of the quarry are all