第 21 节
作者:吻火      更新:2021-02-27 00:38      字数:9321
  composed       of   material   body;   of   a   soul   which   is   more   subtle;   but  also
  material; and of an incorruptible mind。 When; emerging from the body as
  from   a   palace   suddenly   given   over   to   silence   and   solitude   and   flying
  through the gardens of the soul; the mind diffuses itself in God; it tastes
  the delights of an anticipated death; or rather of a future life; for to die is to
  live;   and   in   that   condition;   partaking   of   divine   purity;   it   possesses   both
  infinite joy and complete knowledge。 It enters into the unity which is All。
  It is perfected。
  NICIAS。 That is very fine; but; to say the truth; Hermodorus; I do not
  see much difference between All and Nothing。 Words even seem to fail to
  make   the   distinction。   Infinity   is   terribly   like   nothingnessthey   are   both
  inconceivable to the mind。 In my opinion perfection costs too dear; we pay
  for it with all our being; and to   possess it must cease to exist。 That is   a
  calamity   from   which   God   Himself   is   not   free;   for   the   philosophers   are
  doing their best to perfect Him。 After all; if we do not know what it is /not/
  to be; we are equally ignorant what it is to /be/。 We know nothing。 It is
  said that it is impossible for men to agree on this question。 I believein
  spite of our noisy disputes that it is; on the contrary; impossible for men
  not    to   become      some    day    all  at   unity   buried     under    the   mass    of
  contradictions; a Pelion on Ossa; which they themselves have raised。
  COTTA。 I am very fond of philosophy; and study it in my leisure time。
  But I never understand it well; except in Cicero's books。 Slaves; pour out
  the honeyed wine!
  CALLICRATES。 It is a singular thing; but when I am hungry I think of
  the time when the tragic poets sat at the boards of good tyrants; and my
  mouth waters。 But when I have tasted the excellent wine that you give us
  so   abundantly;   generous   Lucius;   I   dream   of   nothing   but   civil   wars   and
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  heroic   combats。   I   blush   to   live   in   such   inglorious   times;   I   invoke   the
  goddess of Liberty; and I pour out my bloodin imagination with the last
  Romans on the field of Philippi。
  COTTA。 In the days of the decline of the Republic my ancestors died
  with    Brutusfor     liberty。   But   there   is  reason    to  suspect     that  what    the
  Roman       people    called    liberty   was    only   in  reality   the   right   to  govern
  themselves。   I   do   not   deny   that   liberty   is   the   greatest   boon   a   nation   can
  have。   But   the   longer   I   live   the   more   I   am   persuaded   that   only   a   strong
  government can bestow it on the citizens。 For forty years I have filled high
  positions in the State; and my long experience has shown me that when the
  ruling power is weak the people are oppressed。 Those; therefore; wholike
  the great majority of rhetoricianstry to weaken the government; commit
  an   abominable   crime。 An   autocrat;   who   governs   by  his   single   will;   may
  sometimes   cause   most   deplorable   results;   but   if   he   governs   by   popular
  consent   there   is   no   remedy   possible。   Before   the   majesty   of   the   Roman
  arms had bestowed peace upon all the world; the only nations which were
  happy were those which were ruled over by intelligent despots。
  HERMODORUS。 For my part; Lucius; I believe that there is no such
  thing as a good form of government; and that we shall never discover one;
  because the Greeks; who had so many excellent ideas; were never able to
  find one。  In   that   respect;  therefore;  all hope  of ultimate   success   is   taken
  from   us。   Unmistakable   signs   show   that   the   world   is   about   to   fall   into
  ignorance  and   barbarism。   It   has   been   our   lot;   Lucius;   to   witness   terrible
  events。   Of   all   the   mental   satisfactions   which   intelligence;   learning;   and
  virtue can give; all that remains is the cruel pleasure of watching ourselves
  die。
  COTTA。 It is true that the rapacity of the people; and the boldness of
  the barbarians; are threatening evils。 But with a good fleet; a good army;
  and plenty of money
  HERMODORUS。 What is the use of deceiving ourselves? The dying
  empire will become an easy prey to the barbarians。 Cities which were built
  by   Hellenic   genius;   or   Latin   patience;   will   soon   be   sacked   by   drunken
  savages。 Neither art nor philosophy will exist any longer on the earth。 The
  statues of the gods will be overturned in the temples; and in men's hearts
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  as well。 Darkness will overcome all minds; and the world will die。 Can we
  believe that the Sarmatians will ever devote themselves to intelligent work;
  that the Germani will cultivate music and philosophy; and that the Quadi
  and   the   Marcomani   will   adore   the   immortal   gods?   No!   we   are   sliding
  toward the abyss。 Our old Egypt; which was the cradle of the world; will
  be its burial vault; Serapis; the god of Death; will receive the last adoration
  of mortals; and I shall have been the last priest of the last god。
  At this moment a strange figure raised the tapestry; and the guests saw
  before them a little hunchback; whose bald skull rose in a point。 He was
  clad; in the Asiatic fashion; in a blue tunic; and wore round his legs; like
  the   barbarians;   red   breeches;   spangled   with   gold   stars。   On   seeing   him;
  Paphnutius   recognised   Marcus   the Arian;   and   fearing   lest   a   thunderbolt
  should fall from heaven; he covered his head with his arms; and grew pale
  with fright。 At this banquet of the demons; neither the blasphemies of the
  pagans; nor the horrible errors of the philosophers; had had any effect on
  him; but the mere presence of the heretic quenched his courage。 He would
  have fled; but his eyes met those of Thais; and he felt at once strengthened。
  He   read   in   her   soul   that   she;   who   was   predestined   to   become   a   saint;
  already protected him。 He seized the skirt of her long; flowing robe; and
  inwardly prayed to the Saviour Jesus。
  A murmur of acclamation welcomed the arrival of the personage who
  had been called the Christian Plato。 Hermodorus was the first to speak。
  〃Most illustrious Marcus; we rejoice to see you amongst us; and it may
  be   said   that   you   come   at   the   right   moment。   We   know   nothing   of   the
  Christian doctrine; beyond what is publicly taught。 Now; it is certain that a
  philosopher; like you; cannot think as the vulgar think; and we are curious
  to know your opinion of the principal mysteries of the religion you profess。
  Our   dear   friend;   Zenothemis;   who;   as   you   know;   is   always   hunting   for
  symbolic       meanings;     just   now     questioned     the   illustrious    Paphnutius
  concerning      the   Jewish    books。   But   Paphnutius   made       no   reply;  and   we
  should not be surprised at that; as our guest has made a vow of silence;
  and God has sealed his tongue in the desert。 But you Marcus; who have
  spoken   at   the   Christian   synods;   and   even   at   the   councils   of   the   divine
  Constantine; can if you wish; satisfy our curiosity by revealing to us the
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  philosophic truths which are wrapped up in the Christian fables。 Is not the
  first of these truths the existence of an only Godin whom; for my part; I
  fervently believe?〃
  MARCUS。   Yes;   venerable   brethren;   I   believe   in   an   only   God;   not
  begottenthe only Eternal; the origin of all things。
  NICIAS。   We   know;   Marcus;   that   your   God   created   the   world。   That
  must certainly  have been   a   great   crisis   in   His  existence。   He had   already
  existed an eternity before He could make up His mind to it。 But I must; in
  justice;   confess    that   His   situation   was   a  most    difficult  one。   He    must
  continue inactive if He   would remain perfect; and   must act if He   would
  prove to Himself His own existence。 You assure me that He decided to act。
  I am willing to believe you; although it was an unpardonable imprudence
  on the part of a perfect God。 But tell us; Marcus; how He set about making
  the world。
  MARCUS。          Those     who;    without     being    Christians;     possess;    like
  Hermodorus and Zenothemis; the principles of knowledge; are aware that
  God did not create the world personally without an intermediary。 He