第 1 节
作者:
溜溜 更新:2021-02-25 00:27 字数:9322
Part 5
The good; charitable gentleman encouraged them to quit the Place
for fear they should be cut off from any retreat at all by the violence
of the distemper; but whither they should go; that he found very hard
to direct them to。 At last John asked of him whether he; being a
justice of the peace; would give them certificates of health to other
justices whom they might come before; that so whatever might be
their lot; they might not be repulsed now they had been also so long
from London。 This his worship immediately granted; and gave them
proper letters of health; and from thence they were at liberty to travel
whither they pleased。
Accordingly they had a full certificate of health; intimating that they
had resided in a village in the county of Essex so long that; being
examined and scrutinised sufficiently; and having been retired from
all conversation for above forty days; without any appearance of
sickness; they were therefore certainly concluded to be sound men;
and might be safely entertained anywhere; having at last removed
rather for fear of the plague which was come into such a town; rather
than for having any signal of infection upon them; or upon any
belonging to them。
With this certificate they removed; though with great reluctance;
and John inclining not to go far from home; they moved towards the
marshes on the side of Waltham。 But here they found a man who; it
seems; kept a weir or stop upon the river; made to raise the water for
the barges which go up and down the river; and he terrified them with
dismal stories of the sickness having been spread into all the towns on
the river and near the river; on the side of Middlesex and Hertfordshire;
that is to say; into Waltham; Waltham Cross; Enfield; and Ware; and all
the towns on the road; that they were afraid to go that way; though it
seems the man imposed upon them; for that the thing was not really true。
However; it terrified them; and they resolved to move across the
forest towards Rumford and Brentwood; but they heard that there
were numbers of people fled out of London that way; who lay up and
down in the forest called Henalt Forest; reaching near Rumford; and
who; having no subsistence or habitation; not only lived oddly and
suffered great extremities in the woods and fields for want of relief;
but were said to be made so desperate by those extremities as that they
offered many violences to the county robbed and plundered; and
killed cattle; and the like; that others; building huts and hovels by the
roadside; begged; and that with an importunity next door to
demanding relief; so that the county was very uneasy; and had been
obliged to take some of them up。
This in the first place intimated to them; that they would be sure to
find the charity and kindness of the county; which they had found here
where they were before; hardened and shut up against them; and that;
on the other hand; they would be questioned wherever they came; and
would be in danger of violence from others in like cases as
themselves。
Upon all these considerations John; their captain; in all their names;
went back to their good friend and benefactor; who had relieved them
before; and laying their case truly before him; humbly asked his
advice; and he as kindly advised them to take up their old quarters
again; or if not; to remove but a little farther out of the road; and
directed them to a proper place for them; and as they really wanted
some house rather than huts to shelter them at that time of the year; it
growing on towards Michaelmas; they found an old decayed house
which had been formerly some cottage or little habitation but was so
out of repair as scarce habitable; and by the consent of a farmer to
whose farm it belonged; they got leave to make what use of it they could。
The ingenious joiner; and all the rest; by his directions went to work
with it; and in a very few days made it capable to shelter them all in
case of bad weather; and in which there was an old chimney and old
oven; though both lying in ruins; yet they made them both fit for use;
and; raising additions; sheds; and leantos on every side; they soon
made the house capable to hold them all。
They chiefly wanted boards to make window…shutters; floors; doors;
and several other things; but as the gentlemen above favoured them;
and the country was by that means made easy with them; and above
all; that they were known to be all sound and in good health;
everybody helped them with what they could spare。
Here they encamped for good and all; and resolved to remove no
more。 They saw plainly how terribly alarmed that county was
everywhere at anybody that came from London; and that they should
have no admittance anywhere but with the utmost difficulty; at least
no friendly reception and assistance as they had received here。
Now; although they received great assistance and encouragement
from the country gentlemen and from the people round about them;
yet they were put to great straits: for the weather grew cold and wet in
October and November; and they had not been used to so much
hardship; so that they got colds in their limbs; and distempers; but
never had the infection; and thus about December they came home to
the city again。
I give this story thus at large; principally to give an account what
became of the great numbers of people which immediately appeared
in the city as soon as the sickness abated; for; as I have said; great
numbers of those that were able and had retreats in the country fled to
those retreats。 So; when it was increased to such a frightful extremity
as I have related; the middling people who had not friends fled to all
parts of the country where they could get shelter; as well those that
had money to relieve themselves as those that had not。 Those that had
money always fled farthest; because they were able to subsist
themselves; but those who were empty suffered; as I have said; great
hardships; and were often driven by necessity to relieve their wants at
the expense of the country。 By that means the country was made very
uneasy at them; and sometimes took them up; though even then they
scarce knew what to do with them; and were always very backward to
punish them; but often; too; they forced them from place to place till
they were obliged to come back again to London。
I have; since my knowing this story of John and his brother; inquired
and found that there were a great many of the poor disconsolate
people; as above; fled into the country every way; and some of them
got little sheds and barns and outhouses to live in; where they could
obtain so much kindness of the country; and especially where they had
any the least satisfactory account to give of themselves; and
particularly that they did not come out of London too late。 But others;
and that in great numbers; built themselves little huts and retreats in
the fields and woods; and lived like hermits in holes and caves; or any
place they could find; and where; we may be sure; they suffered great
extremities; such that many of them were obliged to come back again
whatever the danger was; and so those little huts were often found
empty; and the country people supposed the inhabitants lay dead in
them of the plague; and would not go near them for fear … no; not in a
great while; nor is it unlikely but that some of the unhappy wanderers
might die so all alone; even sometimes for want of help; as
particularly in one tent or hut was found a man dead; and on the gate
of a field just by was cut with his knife in uneven letters the following
words; by which it may be supposed the other man escaped; or that;
one dying first; the other buried him as well as he could: …
O mIsErY!
We BoTH ShaLL DyE;
WoE; WoE。
I have given an account already of what I found to have been the
case down the river among the seafaring men; how the ships lay in the
offing; as it's called; in rows or lines astern of one another; quite down
from the Pool as far as I could see。 I have been told that they lay in
the same manner quite down the river as low as Gravesend; and some
far beyond: even everywhere or in every place where they could ride
with safety as to wind and weather; nor did I ever hear that the plague
reached to any of the people on board those ships … except such as lay
up in the Pool; or as high as Deptford Reach; although the people
went frequently on shore to the country towns and villages and
farmers' houses; to buy fresh provisions; fowls; pigs; calves; and the
like for their supply。
Likewise I found that the watermen on the river above the bridge
found means to convey themselves away up the river as far as they
could go; and that they had; many of them; their whole families in
their boats; covered with tilts and bales; as they call them; and
furnished with straw within for their lodging; and that they lay th