第 6 节
作者:不受约束      更新:2021-02-25 00:19      字数:9322
  Indeed we ought to find; when crumbling up
  The earthy clods; there herbs; and grains; and leaves;
  All sorts dispersed minutely in the soil;
  Lastly we ought to find in cloven wood
  Ashes and smoke and bits of fire there hid。
  But since fact teaches this is not the case;
  'Tis thine to know things are not mixed with things
  Thuswise; but seeds; common to many things;
  Commixed in many ways; must lurk in things。
  〃But often it happens on skiey hills〃 thou sayest;
  〃That neighbouring tops of lofty trees are rubbed
  One against other; smote by the blustering south;
  Till all ablaze with bursting flower of flame。〃
  Good sooth… yet fire is not ingraft in wood;
  But many are the seeds of heat; and when
  Rubbing together they together flow;
  They start the conflagrations in the forests。
  Whereas if flame; already fashioned; lay
  Stored up within the forests; then the fires
  Could not for any time be kept unseen;
  But would be laying all the wildwood waste
  And burning all the boscage。 Now dost see
  (Even as we said a little space above)
  How mightily it matters with what others;
  In what positions these same primal germs
  Are bound together? And what motions; too;
  They give and get among themselves? how; hence;
  The same; if altered 'mongst themselves; can body
  Both igneous and ligneous objects forth…
  Precisely as these words themselves are made
  By somewhat altering their elements;
  Although we mark with name indeed distinct
  The igneous from the ligneous。 Once again;
  If thou suppose whatever thou beholdest;
  Among all visible objects; cannot be;
  Unless thou feign bodies of matter endowed
  With a like nature;… by thy vain device
  For thee will perish all the germs of things:
  'Twill come to pass they'll laugh aloud; like men;
  Shaken asunder by a spasm of mirth;
  Or moisten with salty tear…drops cheeks and chins。
  THE INFINITY OF THE UNIVERSE
  Now learn of what remains! More keenly hear!
  And for myself; my mind is not deceived
  How dark it is: But the large hope of praise
  Hath strook with pointed thyrsus through my heart;
  On the same hour hath strook into my breast
  Sweet love of the Muses; wherewith now instinct;
  I wander afield; thriving in sturdy thought;
  Through unpathed haunts of the Pierides;
  Trodden by step of none before。 I joy
  To come on undefiled fountains there;
  To drain them deep; I joy to pluck new flowers;
  To seek for this my head a signal crown
  From regions where the Muses never yet
  Have garlanded the temples of a man:
  First; since I teach concerning mighty things;
  And go right on to loose from round the mind
  The tightened coils of dread religion;
  Next; since; concerning themes so dark; I frame
  Songs so pellucid; touching all throughout
  Even with the Muses' charm… which; as 'twould seem;
  Is not without a reasonable ground:
  But as physicians; when they seek to give
  Young boys the nauseous wormwood; first do touch
  The brim around the cup with the sweet juice
  And yellow of the honey; in order that
  The thoughtless age of boyhood be cajoled
  As far as the lips; and meanwhile swallow down
  The wormwood's bitter draught; and; though befooled;
  Be yet not merely duped; but rather thus
  Grow strong again with recreated health:
  So now I too (since this my doctrine seems
  In general somewhat woeful unto those
  Who've had it not in hand; and since the crowd
  Starts back from it in horror) have desired
  To expound our doctrine unto thee in song
  Soft…speaking and Pierian; and; as 'twere;
  To touch it with sweet honey of the Muse…
  If by such method haply I might hold
  The mind of thee upon these lines of ours;
  Till thou see through the nature of all things;
  And how exists the interwoven frame。
  But since I've taught that bodies of matter; made
  Completely solid; hither and thither fly
  Forevermore unconquered through all time;
  Now come; and whether to the sum of them
  There be a limit or be none; for thee
  Let us unfold; likewise what has been found
  To be the wide inane; or room; or space
  Wherein all things soever do go on;
  Let us examine if it finite be
  All and entire; or reach unmeasured round
  And downward an illimitable profound。
  Thus; then; the All that is is limited
  In no one region of its onward paths;
  For then 'tmust have forever its beyond。
  And a beyond 'tis seen can never be
  For aught; unless still further on there be
  A somewhat somewhere that may bound the same…
  So that the thing be seen still on to where
  The nature of sensation of that thing
  Can follow it no longer。 Now because
  Confess we must there's naught beside the sum;
  There's no beyond; and so it lacks all end。
  It matters nothing where thou post thyself;
  In whatsoever regions of the same;
  Even any place a man has set him down
  Still leaves about him the unbounded all
  Outward in all directions; or; supposing
  A moment the all of space finite to be;
  If some one farthest traveller runs forth
  Unto the extreme coasts and throws ahead
  A flying spear; is't then thy wish to think
  It goes; hurled off amain; to where 'twas sent
  And shoots afar; or that some object there
  Can thwart and stop it? For the one or other
  Thou must admit and take。 Either of which
  Shuts off escape for thee; and does compel
  That thou concede the all spreads everywhere;
  Owning no confines。 Since whether there be
  Aught that may block and check it so it comes
  Not where 'twas sent; nor lodges in its goal;
  Or whether borne along; in either view
  'Thas started not from any end。 And so
  I'll follow on; and whereso'er thou set
  The extreme coasts; I'll query; 〃what becomes
  Thereafter of thy spear?〃 'Twill come to pass
  That nowhere can a world's…end be; and that
  The chance for further flight prolongs forever
  The flight itself。 Besides; were all the space
  Of the totality and sum shut in
  With fixed coasts; and bounded everywhere;
  Then would the abundance of world's matter flow
  Together by solid weight from everywhere
  Still downward to the bottom of the world;
  Nor aught could happen under cope of sky;
  Nor could there be a sky at all or sun…
  Indeed; where matter all one heap would lie;
  By having settled during infinite time。
  But in reality; repose is given
  Unto no bodies 'mongst the elements;
  Because there is no bottom whereunto
  They might; as 'twere; together flow; and where
  They might take up their undisturbed abodes。
  In endless motion everything goes on
  Forevermore; out of all regions; even
  Out of the pit below; from forth the vast;
  Are hurtled bodies evermore supplied。
  The nature of room; the space of the abyss
  Is such that even the flashing thunderbolts
  Can neither speed upon their courses through;
  Gliding across eternal tracts of time;
  Nor; further; bring to pass; as on they run;
  That they may bate their journeying one whit:
  Such huge abundance spreads for things around…
  Room off to every quarter; without end。
  Lastly; before our very eyes is seen
  Thing to bound thing: air hedges hill from hill;
  And mountain walls hedge air; land ends the sea;
  And sea in turn all lands; but for the All
  Truly is nothing which outside may bound。
  That; too; the sum of things itself may not
  Have power to fix a measure of its own;
  Great nature guards; she who compels the void
  To bound all body; as body all the void;
  Thus rendering by these alternates the whole
  An infinite; or else the one or other;
  Being unbounded by the other; spreads;
  Even by its single nature; ne'ertheless
  Immeasurably forth。。。。
  Nor sea; nor earth; nor shining vaults of sky;
  Nor breed of mortals; nor holy limbs of gods
  Could keep their place least portion of an hour:
  For; driven apart from out its meetings fit;
  The stock of stuff; dissolved; would be borne
  Along the illimitable inane afar;
  Or rather; in fact; would ne'er have once combined
  And given a birth to aught; since; scattered wide;
  It could not be united。 For of truth
  Neither by counsel did the primal germs
  'Stablish themselves; as by keen act of mind;
  Each in its proper place; nor did they make;
  Forsooth; a compact how each germ should move;
  But since; being many and changed in many modes
  Along the All; they're driven abroad and vexed
  By blow on blow; even from all time of old;
  They thus at last; after attempting all
  The kinds of motion and conjoining; come
  Into those great arrangements out of which
  This sum of things established is create;
  By which; moreover; through the mighty years;
  It is preserved; when once it has been thrown
  Into the proper motions; bringing to pass
  That ever the streams refresh the greedy main
  With river…waves abounding; and that earth;
  Lapped in warm exhalations of the sun;
  Renews her broods; and that the lusty race
  Of breathing creatures bears and blooms; and that
  The gliding fires of ether are alive…
  What still the primal germs nowise could do;
  Unless from out the infinite of space
  Could come supply of matter; whence in season
  They're wont whatever losses to repair。
  For as the nature of breathing creatures wastes;
  Losing its body; when deprived of food:
  So all things have to be dissolved as soon
  As matter; diverted by what means soever
  From off its course; shall fail to be on hand。
  Nor can the blows from outward still conserve;
  On every side; whatever sum of a world
  Has been united in a whole。 They can
  Indeed; by frequent bea