Nyamwezi　languages。〃　　The　examples　given　（Sultan　Majnun）　are　only
  verses　supposed　to　be　chanted　by　the　characters　in　the　tale。　　It　is
  improbable　that　the　Yaos　and　Nyamwezis　borrowed　the　custom　of
  inserting　verse　into　prose　tales　from　Arab　literature；　where　the
  intercalated　verse　is　usually　of　a　moral　and　reflective　character。
  Mr。　Jamieson；　in　Illustrations　of　Northern　Antiquities　（p。　379）；
  preserved　a　cante…fable　called　Rosmer　Halfman；　or　The　Merman　Rosmer。
  Mr。　Motherwell　remarks　（Minstrelsy；　Glasgow；　1827；　p。　xv。）：　　〃Thus　I
  have　heard　the　ancient　ballad　of　Young　Beichan　and　Susy　Pye　dilated
  by　a　story…teller　into　a　tale　of　remarkable　dimensionsa　paragraph
  of　prose　and　then　a　screed　of　rhyme　alternately　given。〃　　The　example
  published　by　Mr。　Motherwell　gives　us　the　very　form　of　Aucassin　and
  Nicolete；　surviving　in　Scotch　folk　lore：…
  〃Well　ye　must　know　that　in　the　Moor's　Castle；　there　was　a　mafsymore；
  which　is　a　dark　deep　dungeon　for　keeping　prisoners。　　It　was　twenty
  feet　below　the　ground；　and　into　this　hole　they　closed　poor　Beichan。
  There　he　stood；　night　and　day；　up　to　his　waist　in　puddle…water；　but
  night　or　day　it　was　all　one　to　him；　for　no　ae　styme　of　light　ever
  got　in。　　So　he　lay　there　a　lang　and　weary　while；　and　thinking　on　his
  heavy　weird；　he　made　a　murnfu'　sang　to　pass　the　timeand　this　was
  the　sang　that　he　made；　and　grat　when　he　sang　it；　for　he　never
  thought　of　escaping　from　the　mafsymore；　or　of　seeing　his　ain
  countrie　again：
  〃My　hounds　they　all　run　masterless；
  My　hawks　they　flee　from　tree　to　tree；
  My　youngest　brother　will　heir　my　lands；
  And　fair　England　again　I'll　never　see。
  〃O　were　I　free　as　I　hae　been；
  And　my　ship　swimming　once　more　on　sea；
  I'd　turn　my　face　to　fair　England；
  And　sail　no　more　to　a　strange　countrie。〃
  Now　the　cruel　Moor　had　a　beautiful　daughter　called　Susy　Pye；　who　was
  accustomed　to　take　a　walk　every　morning　in　her　garden；　and　as　she
  was　walking　ae　day　she　heard　the　sough　o'　Beichan's　sang；　coming　as
  it　were　from　below　the　ground。〃
  All　this　is　clearly　analogous　in　form　no　less　than　in　matter　to　our
  cante…fable。　　Mr。　Motherwell　speaks　of　fabliaux；　intended　partly　for
  recitation；　and　partly　for　being　sung；　but　does　not　refer　by　name　to
  Aucassin　and　Nicolete。　　If　we　may　judge　by　analogy；　then；　the　form
  of　the　cante…fable　is　probably　an　early　artistic　adaptation　of　a
  popular　narrative　method。
  STOUR；　an　ungainly　word　enough；　familiar　in　Scotch　with　the　sense　of
  wind…driven　dust；　it　may　be　dust　of　battle。　　The　French　is　Estor。
  BIAUCAIRE；　opposite　Tarascon；　also　celebrated　for　its　local　hero；
  the　deathless　Tartarin。　　There　is　a　great　deal　of　learning　about
  Biaucaire；　probably　the　author　of　the　cante…fable　never　saw　the
  place；　but　he　need　not　have　thought　it　was　on　the　sea…shore；　as　（p。
  39）　he　seems　to　do。　　There　he　makes　the　people　of　Beaucaire　set　out
  to　wreck　a　ship。　　Ships　do　not　go　up　the　Rhone；　and　get　wrecked
  there；　after　escaping　the　perils　of　the　deep。
  On　p。　42；　the　poet　clearly　thinks　that　Nicolete；　after　landing　from
  her　barque；　had　to　travel　a　considerable　distance　before　reaching
  Biaucaire。　　The　fact　is　that　the　poet　is　perfectly　reckless　of
  geography；　like　him　who　wrote　of　the　set…shore　of　Bohemia。
  PAINTED　WONDROUSLY。　　No　one　knows　what　is　really　meant　by　e　miramie。
  PLENTIFUL　LACK　OF　COMFORT：　　rather　freely　for　Mout　i　aries　peu
  conquis。
  MALENGIN：　　a　favourite　word　of　Sir　Thomas　Malory：　　〃mischievous
  intent。〃
  FEATS　OF　YOUTH：　　ENFANCES；　the　regular　term　for　the　romance　of　a
  knight's　early　prowess。
  TWO　APPLES；　nois　gauges　in　the　original。　　But　walnuts　sound
  inadequate。
  Here　the　MS。　has　a　lacuna。
  There　is　much　useless　learning　about　the　realm　of　Torelore。　　It　is
  somewhere　between　Kor　and　Laputa。　　The　custom　of　the　Couvade　was
  dimly　known　to　the　poet。　　The　feigned　lying…in　of　the　father　may
  have　been　either　a　recognition　of　paternity　（as　in　the　sham　birth
  whereby　Hera　adopted　Heracles）　or　may　have　been　caused　by　the　belief
  that　the　health　of　the　father　at　the　time　of　the　child's　birth
  affected　that　of　the　child。　　Either　origin　of　the　Couvade　is
  consistent　with　early　beliefs　and　customs。
  EYEBRIGHT。　　This　is　a　purely　fanciful　rendering　of　Esclaire。
  Footnotes：
  ｛1｝　　Gaston　Paris；　in　M。　Bida's　edition；　p。　xii。　　Paris；　1878。　　The
  blending　is　not　unknown　in　various　countries。　　See　note　at　end　of
  Translation。
  ｛2｝　　I　know　not　if　I　unconsciously　transferred　this　criticism　from
  M。　Gaston　Paris。
  ｛3｝　　〃Love　in　Idleness。〃　　London；　1883；　p。　169。
  ｛4｝　　Theocritus；　x。　37。
  ｛5｝　　I　have　not　thought　it　necessary　to　discuss　the　conjectures；
  they　are　no　more；about　the　Greek　or　Arabic　origin　of　the　cante…
  fable；　about　the　derivation　of　Aucassin's　name；　the　supposed　copying
  of　Floire　et　Blancheflor；　the　longitude　and　latitude　of　the　land　of
  Torelore；　and　so　forth。　　In　truth　〃we　are　in　Love's　land　to…day；〃
  where　the　ships　sail　without　wind　or　compass；　like　the　barques　of
  the　Phaeacians。　　Brunner　and　Suchier　add　nothing　positive　to　our
  knowledge；　and　M。　Gaston　Paris　pretends　to　cast　but　little　light　on
  questions　which　it　is　too　curious　to　consider　at　all。　　In　revising
  the　translation　I　have　used　with　profit　the　versions　of　M。　Bida；　of
  Mr。　Bourdillon；　the　glossary　of　Suchier；　and　Mr。　Bourdillon's
  glossary。　　As　for　the　style　I　have　attempted；　if　not　Old　English；　at
  least　English　which　is　elderly；　with　a　memory　of　Malory。
  End