第 9 节
作者:
莫莫言 更新:2021-02-24 23:39 字数:9320
commandments; is a liar; and the truth is not in him。〃
(38) From all this; I repeat; it follows that they are the true enemies of
Christ who persecute honourable and justice…loving men because they
differ from them; and do not uphold the same religious dogmas as
themselves: for whosoever loves justice and charity we know; by that very
fact; to be faithful: whosoever persecutes the faithful; is an enemy to
Christ。
(39) Lastly; it follows that faith does not demand that dogmas should
be true as that they should be pious … that is; such as will stir up the heart
to obey; though there be many such which contain not a shadow of truth;
so long as they be held in good faith; otherwise their adherents are
disobedient; for how can anyone; desirous of loving justice and obeying
God; adore as Divine what he knows to be alien from the Divine nature?
(40) However; men may err from simplicity of mind; and Scripture; as we
have seen; does not condemn ignorance; but obstinacy。 (41) This is the
necessary result of our definition of faith; and all its branches should
spring from the universal rule above given; and from the evident aim and
object of the Bible; unless we choose to mix our own inventions therewith。
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(42) Thus it is not true doctrines which are expressly required by the Bible;
so much as doctrines necessary for obedience; and to confirm in our hearts
the love of our neighbour; wherein (to adopt the words of John) we are in
God; and God in us。
(43) As; then; each man's faith must be judged pious or impious only
in respect of its producing obedience or obstinacy; and not in respect of its
truth; and as no one will dispute that men's dispositions are exceedingly
varied; that all do not acquiesce in the same things; but are ruled some by
one opinion some by another; so that what moves one to devotion moves
another to laughter and contempt; it follows that there can be no doctrines
in the Catholic; or universal; religion; which can give rise to controversy
among good men。 (44) Such doctrines might be pious to some and
impious to others; whereas they should be judged solely by their fruits。
(45) To the universal religion; then; belong only such dogmas as are
absolutely required in order to attain obedience to God; and without which
such obedience would be impossible; as for the rest; each man … seeing
that he is the best judge of his own character should adopt whatever he
thinks best adapted to strengthen his love of justice。 (46) If this were so; I
think there would be no further occasion for controversies in the Church。
(47) I have now no further fear in enumerating the dogmas of
universal faith or the fundamental dogmas of the whole of Scripture;
inasmuch as they all tend (as may be seen from what has been said) to this
one doctrine; namely; that there exists a God; that is; a Supreme Being;
Who loves justice and charity; and Who must be obeyed by whosoever
would be saved; that the worship of this Being consists in the practice of
justice and love towards one's neighbour; and that they contain nothing
beyond the following doctrines :…
(48) I。 That God or a Supreme Being exists; sovereignly just and
merciful; the Exemplar of the true life; that whosoever is ignorant of or
disbelieves in His existence cannot obey Him or know Him as a Judge。
(49) II。 That He is One。 (50) Nobody will dispute that this doctrine is
absolutely necessary for entire devotion; admiration; and love towards
God。 (51) For devotion; admiration; and love spring from the superiority
of one over all else。
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(52) III。 That He is omnipresent; or that all things are open to Him; for
if anything could be supposed to be concealed from Him; or to be
unnoticed by; Him; we might doubt or be ignorant of the equity of His
judgment as directing all things。
(53) IV。 That He has supreme right and dominion over all things; and
that He does nothing under compulsion; but by His absolute fiat and grace。
(54) All things are bound to obey Him; He is not bound to obey any。
(55) V。 That the worship of God consists only in justice and charity; or
love towards one's neighbour。
(56) VI。 That all those; and those only; who obey God by their manner
of life are saved; the rest of mankind; who live under the sway of their
pleasures; are lost。 (57) If we did not believe this; there would be no
reason for obeying God rather than pleasure。
(58) VII。 Lastly; that God forgives the sins of those who repent。 (59)
No one is free from sin; so that without this belief all would despair of
salvation; and there would be no reason for believing in the mercy of God。
(60) He who firmly believes that God; out of the mercy and grace with
which He directs all things; forgives the sins of men; and who feels his
love of God kindled thereby; he; I say; does really; know Christ according
to the Spirit; and Christ is in him。
(61) No one can deny that all these doctrines are before all things
necessary; to be believed; in order that every man; without exception; may
be able to obey God according to the bidding of the Law above explained;
for if one of these precepts be disregarded obedience is destroyed。 (62)
But as to what God; or the Exemplar of the true life; may be; whether fire;
or spirit; or light; or thought; or what not; this; I say; has nothing to do with
faith any more than has the question how He comes to be the Exemplar of
the true life; whether it be because He has a just and merciful mind; or
because all things exist and act through Him; and consequently that we
understand through Him; and through Him see what is truly just and good。
(63) Everyone may think on such questions as he likes;
(64) Furthermore; faith is not affected; whether we hold that God is
omnipresent essentially or potentially; that He directs all things by
absolute fiat; or by the necessity of His nature; that He dictates laws like a
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prince; or that He sets them forth as eternal truths; that man obeys Him by
virtue of free will; or by virtue of the necessity of the Divine decree; lastly;
that the reward of the good and the punishment of the wicked is natural or
supernatural: these and such like questions have no bearing on faith;
except in so far as they are used as means to give us license to sin more; or
to obey God less。 (65) I will go further; and maintain that every man is
bound to adapt these dogmas to his own way of thinking; and to interpret
them according as he feels that he can give them his fullest and most
unhesitating assent; so that he may the more easily obey God with his
whole heart。
(66) Such was the manner; as we have already pointed out; in which
the faith was in old time revealed and written; in accordance with the
understanding and opinions of the prophets and people of the period; so; in
like fashion; every man is bound to adapt it to his own opinions; so that he
may accept it without any hesitation or mental repugnance。 (67) We have
shown that faith does not so much re quire truth as piety; and that it is only
quickening and pious through obedience; consequently no one is faithful
save by obedience alone。 (68) The best faith is not necessarily possessed
by him who displays the best reasons; but by him who displays the best
fruits of justice and charity。 (69) How salutary and necessary this doctrine
is for a state; in order that men may dwell together in peace and concord;
and how many and how great causes of disturbance and crime are thereby
cut off; I leave everyone to judge for himself!
(70) Before we go further; I may remark that we can;