第 9 节
作者:莫莫言      更新:2021-02-24 23:39      字数:9320
  commandments; is a liar; and the truth is not in him。〃
  (38) From all this; I repeat; it follows that they are the true enemies of
  Christ   who      persecute   honourable       and   justice…loving   men       because    they
  differ    from    them;    and    do   not  uphold     the   same    religious    dogmas      as
  themselves: for whosoever loves justice and charity we know; by that very
  fact;   to   be   faithful:   whosoever   persecutes   the   faithful;   is   an   enemy   to
  Christ。
  (39) Lastly; it follows that faith does not demand that dogmas should
  be true as that they should be pious … that is; such as will stir up the heart
  to obey; though there be many such which contain not a shadow of truth;
  so    long   as   they   be  held    in  good    faith;  otherwise     their   adherents     are
  disobedient; for how can anyone; desirous of loving justice and   obeying
  God; adore as Divine what he knows to be alien from the Divine nature?
  (40) However; men may err from simplicity of mind; and Scripture; as we
  have   seen;   does   not   condemn   ignorance;   but   obstinacy。   (41)   This   is   the
  necessary   result   of   our   definition   of   faith;   and   all   its   branches   should
  spring from the universal rule above given; and from the evident aim and
  object of the Bible; unless we choose to mix our own inventions therewith。
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  (42) Thus it is not true doctrines which are expressly required by the Bible;
  so much as doctrines necessary for obedience; and to confirm in our hearts
  the love of our neighbour; wherein (to adopt the words of John) we are in
  God; and God in us。
  (43) As; then; each man's faith must be judged pious or impious only
  in respect of its producing obedience or obstinacy; and not in respect of its
  truth; and as no one will dispute that men's dispositions are exceedingly
  varied; that all do not acquiesce in the same things; but are ruled some by
  one opinion some by another; so that what moves one to devotion moves
  another to laughter and contempt; it follows that there can be no doctrines
  in the Catholic; or universal; religion; which can give rise to controversy
  among       good    men。    (44)   Such    doctrines     might    be   pious   to   some    and
  impious to others; whereas they should be judged solely by their fruits。
  (45) To the universal religion; then; belong only such dogmas as are
  absolutely required in order to attain obedience to God; and without which
  such   obedience   would   be   impossible;   as   for   the   rest;   each   man   …   seeing
  that   he  is   the  best   judge of   his   own   character  should   adopt   whatever  he
  thinks best adapted to strengthen his love of justice。 (46) If this were so; I
  think there would be no further occasion for controversies in the Church。
  (47)    I  have    now     no   further   fear   in   enumerating       the  dogmas      of
  universal   faith     or  the   fundamental      dogmas      of  the   whole    of  Scripture;
  inasmuch as they all tend (as may be seen from what has been said) to this
  one   doctrine;   namely;   that   there   exists   a   God;   that   is;   a   Supreme   Being;
  Who   loves   justice   and   charity;   and   Who   must   be   obeyed   by   whosoever
  would be saved; that the worship of this Being consists in the practice of
  justice   and   love   towards   one's   neighbour;   and   that   they   contain   nothing
  beyond the following doctrines :…
  (48)   I。   That   God   or   a   Supreme   Being   exists;   sovereignly   just   and
  merciful; the  Exemplar  of  the  true life; that   whosoever is ignorant of   or
  disbelieves in His existence cannot obey Him or know Him as a Judge。
  (49) II。 That He is One。 (50) Nobody will dispute that this doctrine is
  absolutely   necessary   for   entire   devotion;   admiration;   and   love   towards
  God。 (51) For devotion; admiration; and love spring from the superiority
  of one over all else。
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  (52) III。 That He is omnipresent; or that all things are open to Him; for
  if   anything      could    be   supposed      to  be   concealed      from    Him;     or  to   be
  unnoticed   by;   Him;   we   might   doubt   or   be   ignorant   of   the   equity   of   His
  judgment as directing all things。
  (53) IV。 That He has supreme right and dominion over all things; and
  that He does nothing under compulsion; but by His absolute fiat and grace。
  (54) All things are bound to obey Him; He is not bound to obey any。
  (55) V。 That the worship of God consists only in justice and charity; or
  love towards one's neighbour。
  (56) VI。 That all those; and those only; who obey God by their manner
  of   life   are saved;   the   rest   of   mankind;   who   live   under   the   sway  of   their
  pleasures;   are   lost。   (57)   If   we   did   not   believe   this;   there   would   be   no
  reason for obeying God rather than pleasure。
  (58) VII。 Lastly; that God forgives the sins of those who repent。 (59)
  No   one  is   free  from  sin;  so   that   without   this   belief  all   would   despair   of
  salvation; and there would be no reason for believing in the mercy of God。
  (60)   He   who   firmly  believes   that   God;   out   of   the   mercy  and   grace   with
  which   He  directs   all   things;  forgives   the   sins of   men;   and   who   feels   his
  love of God kindled thereby; he; I say; does really; know Christ according
  to the Spirit; and Christ is in him。
  (61)   No   one   can   deny   that   all   these   doctrines   are   before   all   things
  necessary; to be believed; in order that every man; without exception; may
  be able to obey God according to the bidding of the Law above explained;
  for   if   one   of   these   precepts   be   disregarded   obedience   is   destroyed。   (62)
  But as to what God; or the Exemplar of the true life; may be; whether fire;
  or spirit; or light; or thought; or what not; this; I say; has nothing to do with
  faith any more than has the question how He comes to be the Exemplar of
  the true   life;   whether   it   be   because   He   has   a   just   and   merciful   mind;  or
  because   all   things   exist   and   act   through   Him;   and   consequently   that   we
  understand through Him; and through Him see what is truly just and good。
  (63) Everyone may think on such questions as he likes;
  (64)   Furthermore;   faith   is   not   affected;   whether   we   hold   that   God   is
  omnipresent         essentially     or  potentially;     that   He    directs    all   things    by
  absolute fiat; or by the necessity of His nature; that He dictates laws like a
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  prince; or that He sets them forth as eternal truths; that man obeys Him by
  virtue of free will; or by virtue of the necessity of the Divine decree; lastly;
  that the reward of the good and the punishment of the wicked is natural or
  supernatural:      these    and   such   like   questions     have   no   bearing    on   faith;
  except in so far as they are used as means to give us license to sin more; or
  to obey  God less。  (65)   I will   go   further; and   maintain that every  man   is
  bound to adapt these dogmas to his own way of thinking; and to interpret
  them   according   as   he   feels   that   he   can   give   them   his   fullest   and   most
  unhesitating   assent;   so   that   he   may   the   more   easily   obey   God   with   his
  whole heart。
  (66) Such was the manner; as we have already pointed out; in which
  the   faith   was   in   old   time   revealed   and   written;   in   accordance   with   the
  understanding and opinions of the prophets and people of the period; so; in
  like fashion; every man is bound to adapt it to his own opinions; so that he
  may accept it without any hesitation or mental repugnance。 (67) We have
  shown that faith does not so much re quire truth as piety; and that it is only
  quickening and pious through obedience; consequently no one is faithful
  save by obedience alone。 (68) The best faith is not necessarily possessed
  by him who displays the best reasons; but by him who displays the best
  fruits of justice and charity。 (69) How salutary and necessary this doctrine
  is for a state; in order that men may dwell together in peace and concord;
  and how many and how great causes of disturbance and crime are thereby
  cut off; I leave everyone to judge for himself!
  (70)   Before   we   go   further;   I   may   remark   that   we   can;