the　political　and　social　ideals　of　the　youth　of　India　with　the　spirit　of　Christ。　　This　is　a　matter　that　deeply　concerns；　not　only　the　Missionary；　but　also　the　statesman；　the　merchant；　and　all　true　friends　of　India　of　whatever　race　or　creed。
  In　all　the　romance　of　Christian　Missions；　from　Iona　to　Canterbury；　there　is　no　more　evident　example　of　the　working　of　the　Spirit　of　God　with　the　Church；　than　the　call　of　Carey　and　the　foundation　of　Serampore　College　under　Danish　Charter　and　British　treaty；　making　it　the　only　University　with　full　powers　to　enable　the　whole　Reformed　Church　in　India　to　work　out　its　own　theological　system　and　Christian　life。
  CHAPTER　XVI
  CAREY'S　LAST　DAYS
  1830…1834
  The　college　and　mission　stripped　of　all　their　fundsFailure　of　the　six　firms　for　sixteen　millionsCarey's　official　income　reduced　from　？560　to　？00His　Thoughts　and　Appeal　published　in　EnglandHis　vigour　at　seventyLast　revision　of　the　Bengali　BibleFinal　edition　of　the　Bengali　New　TestamentCarey　rejoices　in　the　reforms　of　Lord　William　Bentinck's　GovernmentIn　the　emancipation　of　the　slavesCarey　sketched　by　his　younger　contemporariesHis　latest　letters　and　last　message　to　ChristendomVisits　of　Lady　William　Bentinck　and　Bishop　Daniel　WilsonMarshman's　affection　and　promise　as　to　the　gardenThe　English　mail　brings　glad　news　a　fortnight　before　his　deathHis　last　SabbathHe　diesIs　buriedHis　tomb　among　his　convertsHis　willThe　Indian　press　on　his　poverty　and　disinterestednessDr。　Marshman　and　Mack；　Christopher　Anderson　and　John　Wilson　of　Bombay　on　his　characterHis　influence　still　as　the　founder　of　missionsDr。　Cox　and　Robert　Hall　on　Carey　as　a　manScotland's　estimate　of　the　father　of　the　Evangelical　Revival　and　its　foreign　missions。
  The　last　days　of　William　Carey　were　the　best。　　His　sun　went　down　in　all　the　splendour　of　a　glowing　faith　and　a　burning　self…sacrifice。　Not　in　the　penury　of　Hackleton　and　Moulton；　not　in　the　hardships　of　Calcutta　and　the　Soondarbans；　not　in　the　fevers　of　the　swamps　of　Dinapoor；　not　in　the　apprehensions　twice　excited　by　official　intolerance；　not　in　the　most　bitter　sorrow　of　allthe　sixteen　years'　persecution　by　English　brethren　after　Fuller's　death；　had　the　father　of　modern　missions　been　so　tried　as　in　the　years　1830…1833。　Blow　succeeded　blow；　but　only　that　the　fine　gold　of　his　trust；　his　humility；　and　his　love　might　be　seen　to　be　the　purer。
  The　Serampore　College　and　Mission　lost　all　the　funds　it　had　in　India。　　By　1830　the　financial　revolution　which　had　laid　many　houses　low　in　Europe　five　years　before；　began　to　tell　upon　the　merchant　princes　of　Calcutta。　　The　six　firms；　which　had　developed　the　trade　of　Northern　India　so　far　as　the　Company's　monopolies　allowed；　had　been　the　bankers　of　the　Government　itself；　of　states　like　Haidarabad；　and　of　all　the　civil　and　military　officials；　and　had　enriched　a　succession　of　partners　for　half　a　century；　fell　one　by　onefell　for　sixteen　millions　sterling　among　them。　　Palmer　and　Co。　was　the　greatest；　the　house　at　one　time　played　a　large　part　in　the　history　of　India；　and　in　the　debates　and　papers　of　Parliament。　　Mr。　John　Palmer；　a　personal　friend　of　the　Serampore　men；　had　advanced　them　money　at　ten　per　cent。　four　years　previously；　when　the　Society's　misrepresentation　had　done　its　worst。　　The　children　in　the　Eurasian　schools；　which　Dr。　and　Mrs。　Marshman　conducted　with　such　profit　to　the　mission；　depended　chiefly　on　funds　deposited　with　this　firm。　　It　suddenly　failed　for　more　than　two　millions　sterling。　Although　the　catastrophe　exposed　the　rottenness　of　the　system　of　credit　on　which　commerce　and　banking　were　at　that　time　conducted；　in　the　absence　of　a　free　press　and　an　intelligent　public　opinion；　the　alarm　soon　subsided；　and　only　the　more　business　fell　to　the　other　firms。　　But　the　year　1833　had　hardly　opened　when　first　the　house　of　Alexander　and　Co。；　then　that　of　Mackintosh　and　Co。；　and　then　the　three　others；　collapsed　without　warning。　　The　English　in　India；　officials　and　merchants；　were　reduced　to　universal　poverty。　　Capital　disappeared　and　credit　ceased　at　the　very　time　that　Parliament　was　about　to　complete　the　partial　concession　of　freedom　of　trade　made　by　the　charter　of　1813；　by　granting　all　Carey　had　argued　for；　and　allowing　Europeans　to　hold　land。
  The　funds　invested　for　Jessor　and　Delhi；　the　legacy　of　Fernandez；　Carey's　first　convert　and　missionary；　his　own　tenths　with　which　he　supported　three　aged　relatives　in　England；　the　property　of　the　partner　of　his　third　marriage；　on　whom　the　money　was　settled；　and　who　survived　him　by　a　year；　the　little　possessed　by　Dr。　Marshman；　who　had　paid　all　his　expenses　in　England　even　while　working　for　the　Societyall　was　swept　away。　　Not　only　was　the　small　balance　in　hand　towards　meeting　the　college　and　mission　expenditure　gone；　but　it　was　impossible　to　borrow　even　for　a　short　time。　　Again　one　of　Dr。　Carey's　old　civilian　students　came　to　the　rescue。　　Mr。　Garrett；　grandson　of　Robert　Raikes　who　first　began　Sunday　schools；　pledged　his　own　credit　with　the　Bank　of　Bengal；　until　Samuel　Hope　of　Liverpool；　treasurer　of　the　Serampore　Mission　there；　could　be　communicated　with。　　Meanwhile　the　question　of　giving　up　any　of　the　stations　or　shutting　the　college　was　not　once　favoured。　〃I　have　seen　the　tears　run　down　the　face　of　the　venerable　Dr。　Carey　at　the　thought　of　such　a　calamity；〃　wrote　Leechman；　〃were　it　to　arrive　we　should　soon　have　to　lay　him　in　his　grave。〃　　When　the　interest　of　the　funds　raised　by　Ward　in　America　ceased　for　a　time　because　of　the　malicious　report　from　England　that　it　might　be　applied　by　Dr。　Marshman　to　the　purposes　of　family　aggrandisement；　Carey　replied　in　a　spirit　like　that　of　Paul　under　a　similar　charge：　〃Dr。　Marshman　is　as　poor　as　I　am；　and　I　can　scarcely　lay　by　a　sum　monthly　to　relieve　three　or　four　indigent　relatives　in　Europe。　　I　might　have　had　large　possessions；　but　I　have　given　my　all；　except　what　I　ate；　drank；　and　wore；　to　the　cause　of　missions；　and　Dr。　Marshman　has　done　the　same；　and　so　did　Mr。　Ward。〃
  Carey's　trust　in　God；　for　the　mission　and　for　himself；　was　to　be　still　further　tried。　　On　12th　July　1828　we　find　him　thus　writing　from　Calcutta　to　Jabez：〃I　came　down　this　morning　to　attend　Lord　W。　Bentinck's　first　lev閑。　　It　was　numerously　attended；　and　I　had　the　pleasure　of　seeing　there　a　great　number　of　gentlemen　who　had　formerly　studied　under　me；　and　for　whom　I　felt　a　very　sincere　regard。　　I　hear　Lady　Bentinck　is　a　pious　woman；　but　have　not　yet　seen　her。　　I　have　a　card　to　attend　at　her　drawing…room　this　evening；　but　I　shall　not　go；　as　I　must　be　at　home　for　the　Sabbath；　which　is　to…morrow。〃　　It　soon　fell　to　Lord　William　Bentinck　to　meet　the　financial　consequences　of　his　weak　predecessor's　administration。　The　College　of　Fort　William　had　to　be　sacrificed。　　Metcalfe　and　Bayley；　Carey's　old　students　whom　he　had　permanently　influenced　in　the　higher　life；　were　the　members　of　council；　and　he　appealed　to　them。　　They　sent　him　to　the　good　Governor…General；　to　whose　sympathy　he　laid　bare　all　the　past　and　present　of　the　mission's　finance。　　He　was　told　to　have　no　fear；　and　indeed　the　Council　held　a　long　sitting　on　this　one　matter。　　But　from　June　1830　the　college　ceased　to　be　a　teaching；　and　became　an　examining　body。　　When　the　salary　was　reduced　one…half；　from　Rs。　1000　a　month；　the　Brotherhood　met　to　pray　for　light　and　strength。　　Mr。　Robinson；　the　Java　missionary　who　had　attached　himself　to　Serampore；　and　whose　son　long　did　good　service　as　a　Bengali　scholar　and　preacher；　gives　us　this　glimpse　of　its　inner　life　at　this　time：
  〃The　two　old　men　were　dissolved　in　tears　while　they　were　engaged　in　prayer；　and　Dr。　Marshman　in　particular　could　not　give　expressions　to　his　feelings。　　It　was　indeed　affecting　to　see　these　good　old　men；　the　fathers　of　the　mission；　entreating　with　tears　that　God　would　not　forsake　them　now　grey　hairs　were　come　upon　them；　but　that　He　would　silence　the　tongue　of　calumny；　and　furnish　them　with　the　means　of　carrying　on　His　own　cause。〃
  They　sent　home　an　appeal　to　England；　and　Carey　himself　published　what　is　perhaps　the　most　chivalrous；　just；　and　weighty　of　all　his　utterances　on　the　disagreeable　subjectThoughts　upon　the　Discussions　which　have　arisen　from　the　Separation　between　the　Baptist　Missionary　Society　and　the　Serampore　Missions。　〃From　our　age　and　other　circumstances　our　contributions　may　soon　cease。　　We　have　seen　a　great　work　wrought　in　India；　and　much　of　it；　either　directly　or　indirectly；　has　been　done　by　ourselves。　　I　cannot；　I　ought　not　to　be　indifferent　about　the　permanency　of　this　work；　and　cannot　therefore　view　the　exultation　expressed　at　the　prospect　of　our　resources　being　crippled　otherwise　than　being　of　a　character　too　satanic　to　be　long　persisted　in　by　any　man　who　has　the　love　of　God　in　his　heart。〃
  The　appeal　to　all　Christians　for　〃a　few　hundred　pounds　per　annum〃　for　the　mission　station　closed　thus：　〃But　a　few　years　have　passed　away　since　the　Protestant　world　was　awakened　to　missionary　effort。　Since　that　time　the　annual　revenues　collected　for　this　object　have　grown　to　the　then　unthought…of　sum　of　？00；000。　　And　is　it　unreasonable　to　expect　that　some　unnoticeable　portion　of　this　should　be　intrusted　to　him　who　was　amongst　the　first　to　move　in　this　enterprise　and　to　his　colleagues？〃　　The　Brotherhood　had　hardly　despatched　t