第 30 节
作者:北方网      更新:2021-02-24 22:10      字数:6538
  was     one    saving    element;     the   now     want    of   which;    especially     the
  unlamented want; transcends all lamentation。 Here is one of those strange;
  piercing; winged…words of Ruskin; which has in it a terrible truth for us in
  these epochs now come:
  〃My friends; the follies of modern Liberalism; many and great though
  they be; are practically summed in this denial or neglect of the quality and
  intrinsic     value    of   things。   Its   rectangular     beatitudes;     and    spherical
  benevolences;theology of universal indulgence; and jurisprudence which
  will hang no rogues; mean; one and all of them; in the root; incapacity of
  discerning; or refusal to discern; worth and unworth in anything; and least
  of all in man; whereas Nature and Heaven command you; at your peril; to
  discern worth from unworth in everything; and most of all in man。 Your
  main   problem   is   that   ancient   and   trite   one;   'Who   is   best   man?'   and   the
  Fates forgive much;forgive the wildest; fiercest; cruelest experiments;if
  fairly made for the determination of that。
  Theft    and   blood…guiltiness      are  not   pleasing    in  their  sight;   yet  the
  favoring   powers   of   the   spiritual   and   material   world   will   confirm   to   you
  your   stolen   goods;   and   their   noblest   voices   applaud   the   lifting   of   Your
  spear; and rehearse the sculpture of your shield; if only your robbing and
  slaying have been in fair arbitrament of that question; 'Who is best man?'
  But if you refuse such inquiry; and maintain every man for his neighbor's
  match;if you give vote to the simple and liberty to the vile; the powers of
  those spiritual and material worlds in due time present you inevitably with
  the    same    problem;    soluble    now    only   wrong     side   upwards;     and   your
  robbing and slaying must be done then to find out; 'Who is worst man?'
  Which; in so wide an order of merit; is; indeed; not easy; but a complete
  Tammany Ring; and lowest circle in the Inferno of Worst; you are sure to
  find; and to be governed by。〃'20'
  All readers will admit that there was something naturally royal in these
  Haarfagr Kings。 A wildly great kind of kindred; counts in it two Heroes of
  a   high;   or   almost   highest;   type:   the   first   two   Olafs;  Tryggveson   and   the
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  Saint。 And the view of them; withal; as we chance to have it; I have often
  thought; how essentially Homeric it was:indeed what is 〃Homer〃 himself
  but   the   _Rhapsody_   of   five   centuries   of   Greek   Skalds   and   wandering
  Ballad…singers; done (i。e。 〃stitched together〃) by somebody more musical
  than Snorro was? Olaf Tryggveson and Olaf Saint please me quite as well
  in their prosaic form; offering me the truth of them as if seen in their real
  lineaments by some marvellous opening (through the art of Snorro) across
  the black strata of the ages。 Two high; almost among the highest sons of
  Nature; seen as they veritably were; fairly comparable or superior to god…
  like   Achilleus;     goddess…wounding        Diomedes;      much     more    to  the  two
  Atreidai; Regulators of the Peoples。
  I have also thought often what a Book might be made of Snorro; did
  there but arise a man furnished with due literary insight; and indefatigable
  diligence;   who;   faithfully   acquainting   himself   with   the   topography;   the
  monumental        relies   and    illustrative   actualities    of  Norway;      carefully
  scanning the best testimonies as to place and time which that country can
  still   give   him;   carefully   the   best   collateral   records   and   chronologies   of
  other countries; and who; himself possessing the highest faculty of a Poet;
  could;    abridging;    arranging;     elucidating;    reduce   Snorro    to  a   polished
  Cosmic      state;  unweariedly      purging    away    his  much    chaotic   matter!    A
  modern 〃highest kind of Poet;〃 capable of unlimited slavish labor withal;
  who; I fear; is not soon to be expected in this world; or likely to find his
  task in the _Heimskringla_ if he did appear here。
  Footnotes: _______________________________
  '1'   J。  G。  Dahlmann;      _Geschichte      von    Dannemark_;       3  vols。   8vo。
  Hamburg; 1840…1843。
  '2'   〃Settlement;〃     dated   912;   by   Munch;     Henault;    &c。   The   Saxon
  Chronicle says (anno 876): 〃In this year Rolf overran Normandy with his
  army; and he reigned fifty winters。〃
  '3' Dahlmann; ii。 87。
  '4' Dahlmann; ii。 93。
  '5' _Laing's Snorro_; i。 344。
  '6'   G。   Buchanani   _Opera   Omnia_;   i。   103;   104   (Curante   Ruddimano;
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  Edinburgi; 1715)。
  '7' His Long Serpent; judged by some to be of the size of a frigate of
  forty…five guns (Laing)。
  '8' This sermon was printed by Hearne; and is given also by Langebek
  in   his   excellent   Collection;   _Rerum   Danicarum   Scriptores   Medii AEri。_
  Hafniae。 1772…1834。
  '9'   Kennet;   i。   67;   Rapin;   i。   119;   121   (from   the   _Saxon   Chronicle_
  both)。
  '10' Knut born A。D。 988 according to Munch's calculation (ii。 126)。
  '11' Snorro; Laing's Translation; ii。 p。 31 et seq。; will minutely specify。
  '12' Snorro; ii。 pp。 24; 25。
  '13' Snorro; ii。 pp。 156…161。
  '14' Snorro; ii。 pp。 252; 253。
  '15' _Saxon Chronicle_ says expressly; under A。D。 1030: 〃In this year
  King   Olaf   was   slain   in   Norway   by   his   own   people;   and   was   afterwards
  sainted。〃
  '16' _Saxon Chronicle_ says: 〃1035。 In this year died King Cnut。 。。。
  He departed at Shaftesbury; November 12; and they conveyed him thence
  to Winchester; and there buried him。〃
  '17' Munch gives the date 1038 (ii。 840); Adam of Bremen 1040。
  '18' Camden; Rapin; &c。 quote。
  '19' _Buchanani Hist。_ i。 130。
  '20' _Fors Clavigera_; Letter XIV。 Pp。 8…10。
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