第 26 节
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and cupidities into blazing vehemence。 He zealously consented; and at
once; with his whole strength; embarked in the adventure。 Fitted out two
hundred ships; and the biggest army he could carry in them; and sailed
with Tosti towards the dangerous Promised Land。 Got into the Tyne and
took booty; got into the Humber; thence into the Ouse; easily subdued any
opposition the official people or their populations could make;
victoriously scattered these; victoriously took the City of York in a day;
and even got himself homaged there; 〃King of Northumberland;〃 as per
covenant;Tosti proving honorable;Tosti and he going with faithful strict
copartnery; and all things looking prosperous and glorious。 Except only
(an important exception!) that they learnt for certain; English Harold was
advancing with all his strength; and; in a measurable space of hours;
unless care were taken; would be in York himself。 Harald and Tosti
hastened off to seize the post of Stamford Bridge on Derwent River; six or
seven miles east of York City; and there bar this dangerous advent。 Their
own ships lay not far off in Ouse River; in case of the worst。 The battle
that ensued the next day; September 20; 1066; is forever memorable in
English history。
Snorro gives vividly enough his view of it from the Icelandic side: A
ring of stalwart Norsemen; close ranked; with their steel tools in hand;
English Harold's Army; mostly cavalry; prancing and pricking all around;
trying to find or make some opening in that ring。 For a long time trying in
vain; till at length; getting them enticed to burst out somewhere in pursuit;
they quickly turned round; and quickly made an end; of that matter。 Snorro
represents English Harold; with a first party of these horse coming up; and;
with preliminary salutations; asking if Tosti were there; and if Harald were;
making generous proposals to Tosti; but; in regard to Harald and what
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share of England was to be his; answering Tosti with the words; 〃Seven
feet of English earth; or more if he require it; for a grave。〃 Upon which
Tosti; like an honorable man and copartner; said; 〃No; never; let us fight
you rather till we all die。〃 〃Who is this that spoke to you?〃 inquired Harald;
when the cavaliers had withdrawn。 〃My brother Harold;〃 answers Tosti;
which looks rather like a Saga; but may be historical after all。 Snorro's
history of the battle is intelligible only after you have premised to it; what
he never hints at; that the scene was on the east side of the bridge and of
the Derwent; the great struggle for the bridge; one at last finds; was after
the fall of Harald; and to the English Chroniclers; said struggle; which was
abundantly severe; is all they know of the battle。
Enraged at that breaking loose of his steel ring of infantry; Norse
Harald blazed up into true Norse fury; all the old Vaeringer and Berserkir
rage awakening in him; sprang forth into the front of the fight; and mauled
and cut and smashed down; on both hands of him; everything he met;
irresistible by any horse or man; till an arrow cut him through the
windpipe; and laid him low forever。 That was the end of King Harald and
of his workings in this world。 The circumstance that he was a Waring or
Baring and had smitten to pieces so many Oriental cohorts or crowds; and
had made love…verses (kind of iron madrigals) to his Russian Princess; and
caught the fancy of questionable Greek queens; and had amassed such
heaps of money; while poor nephew Magnus had only one gold ring
(which had been his father's; and even his father's _mother's_; as Uncle
Harald noticed); and nothing more whatever of that precious metal to
combine with Harald's treasures:all this is new to me; naturally no hint of
it in any English book; and lends some gleam of romantic splendor to that
dim business of Stamford Bridge; now fallen so dull and torpid to most
English minds; transcendently important as it once was to all Englishmen。
Adam of Bremen says; the English got as much gold plunder from
Harald's people as was a heavy burden for twelve men;'18' a thing
evidently impossible; which nobody need try to believe。 Young Olaf;
Harald's son; age about sixteen; steering down the Ouse at the top of his
speed; escaped home to Norway with all his ships; and subsequently
reigned there with Magnus; his brother。 Harald's body did lie in English
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earth for about a year; but was then brought to Norway for burial。 He
needed more than seven feet of grave; say some; Laing; interpreting
Snorro's measurements; makes Harald eight feet in stature;I do hope;
with some error in excess!
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CHAPTER XII。
OLAF THE TRANQUIL; MAGNUS BAREFOOT; AND SIGURD
THE CRUSADER。
The new King Olaf; his brother Magnus having soon died; bore rule in
Norway for some five…and…twenty years。 Rule soft and gentle; not like his
father's; and inclining rather to improvement in the arts and elegancies
than to anything severe or dangerously laborious。 A slim…built; witty…
talking; popular and pretty man; with uncommonly bright eyes; and hair
like floss silk: they called him Olaf _Kyrre_ (the Tranquil or Easygoing)。
The ceremonials of the palace were much improved by him。 Palace
still continued to be built of huge logs pyramidally sloping upwards; with
fireplace in the middle of the floor; and no egress for smoke or ingress for
light except right overhead; which; in bad weather; you could shut; or all
but shut; with a lid。 Lid originally made of mere opaque board; but
changed latterly into a light frame; covered (_glazed_; so to speak) with
entrails of animals; clarified into something of pellucidity。 All this Olaf; I
hope; further perfected; as he did the placing of the court ladies; court
officials; and the like; but I doubt if the luxury of a glass window were
ever known to him; or a cup to drink from that was not made of metal or
horn。 In fact it is chiefly for his son's sake I mention him here; and with
the son; too; I have little real concern; but only a kind of fantastic。
This son bears the name of Magnus _Barfod_ (Barefoot; or Bareleg);
and if you ask why so; the answer is: He was used to appear in the streets
of Nidaros (Trondhjem) now and then in complete Scotch Highland dress。
Authentic tartan plaid and philibeg; at that epoch;to the wonder of
Trondhjem and us! The truth is; he had a mighty fancy for those Hebrides
and other Scotch possessions of his; and seeing England now quite
impossible; eagerly speculated on some conquest in Ireland as next best。
He did; in fact; go diligently voyaging and inspecting among those Orkney
and Hebridian Isles; putting everything straight there; appointing stringent
authorities; jarls;nay; a king; 〃Kingdom of the Suderoer〃 (Southern Isles;
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now called _Sodor_);and; as first king; Sigurd; his pretty little boy of
nine years。 All which done; and some quarrel with Sweden fought out; he
seriously applied himself to visiting in a still more emphatic manner;
namely; to invading; with his best skill and strength; the considerable
virtual or actual kingdom he had in Ireland; intending fully to enlarge it to
the utmost limits of the Island if possible。 He got prosperously into Dublin
(guess A。D。 1102)。 Considerable authority he already had; even among
those poor Irish Kings; or kinglets; in their glibs and yellow…saffron gowns;
still more; I suppose; among the numerous Norse Principal