第 5 节
作者:北方网      更新:2021-02-24 22:10      字数:9322
  and   enemies;   and   they   said   that   never   again   would   Norway   see   such   a
  king。〃
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  EARLY KINGS OF NORWAY。
  CHAPTER IV。
  HARALD GREYFELL AND BROTHERS。
  Eric's sons; four or five of them; with a Harald at the top; now at once
  got Norway in hand; all of it but Trondhjem; as king and under…kings; and
  made a severe time of it for those who had been; or seemed to be; their
  enemies。 Excellent Jarl Sigurd; always so useful to Hakon and his country;
  was   killed   by  them;   and they  came   to   repent   that   before   very  long。 The
  slain Sigurd left a son; Hakon; as Jarl; who became famous in the northern
  world   by   and   by。   This   Hakon;   and   him   only;   would   the   Trondhjemers
  accept as sovereign。 〃Death to him; then;〃 said the sons of Eric; but only in
  secret; till they had got their hands free and were ready; which was not yet
  for some years。 Nay; Hakon; when actually attacked; made good resistance;
  and   threatened to   cause trouble。  Nor   did he   by  any  means   get   his   death
  from these sons of Eric at this time; or till long afterwards at all; from one
  of their kin; as it chanced。 On the contrary; he fled to Denmark now; and
  by and by managed to come back; to their cost。
  Among      their   other   chief  victims    were    two   cousins    of  their  own;
  Tryggve and Gudrod; who had been honest under…kings to the late head…
  king; Hakon the Good; but were now become suspect; and had to fight for
  their lives; and lose them in a tragic manner。 Tryggve had a son; whom we
  shall hear of。 Gudrod; son of worthy Bjorn the Chapman; was grandfather
  of   Saint   Olaf;   whom      all  men    have   heard    of;who    has   a  church    in
  Southwark       even;   and   another    in  Old   Jewry;   to  this  hour。   In  all  these
  violences; Gunhild; widow of the late king Eric; was understood to have a
  principal hand。 She had come back to Norway with her sons; and naturally
  passed     for  the   secret  adviser    and   Maternal     President    in  whatever     of
  violence went on; always reckoned a fell; vehement; relentless personage
  where   her   own   interests   were   concerned。   Probably  as   things   settled;   her
  influence   on   affairs   grew   less。 At   least   one   hopes   so;   and;   in   the   Sagas;
  hears less and less of her; and before long nothing。
  Harald;   the   head…king   in   this   Eric   fraternity;   does   not   seem   to   have
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  been   a   bad   man;the   contrary   indeed;   but   his   position   was   untowardly;
  full   of   difficulty   and   contradictions。   Whatever   Harald   could   accomplish
  for   behoof     of  Christianity;    or  real  benefit   to  Norway;      in  these   cross
  circumstances; he seems to have done in a modest and honest manner。 He
  got the name of _Greyfell_ from his people on a very trivial account; but
  seemingly with perfect good humor on their part。 Some Iceland trader had
  brought a cargo of furs to Trondhjem (Lade) for sale; sale being slacker
  than the Icelander wished; he presented a chosen specimen; cloak; doublet;
  or whatever it was; to Harald; who wore it with acceptance in public; and
  rapidly   brought     disposal    of  the  Icelander's    stock;   and   the  surname     of
  _Greyfell_ to himself。 His under…kings and he were certainly not popular;
  though I almost think Greyfell himself; in absence of his mother and the
  under…kings; might have been so。 But here they all were; and had wrought
  great trouble in Norway。 〃Too many of them;〃 said everybody; 〃too many
  of these courts and court people; eating up any substance that there is。〃 For
  the seasons withal; two or three of them in succession; were bad for grass;
  much   more   for   grain;   no   _herring_   came   either;   very  cleanness   of   teeth
  was like to come in Eyvind Skaldaspillir's opinion。 This scarcity became at
  last their share of the great Famine Of A。D。 975; which desolated Western
  Europe   (see   the   poem   in   the   Saxon   Chronicle)。 And   all   this   by   Eyvind
  Skaldaspillir; and the heathen Norse in general; was ascribed to anger of
  the    heathen    gods。    Discontent     in   Norway;     and   especially     in  Eyvind
  Skaldaspillir; seems to have been very great。
  Whereupon exile Hakon; Jarl Sigurd's son; bestirs himself in Denmark;
  backed by old King Blue…tooth; and begins invading and encroaching in a
  miscellaneous   way;   especially   intriguing   and   contriving   plots   all   round
  him。 An unfathomably cunning kind of fellow; as well as an audacious and
  strong…handed!   Intriguing   in   Trondhjem;   where   he   gets   the   under…king;
  Greyfell's brother; fallen upon and murdered; intriguing with Gold Harald;
  a distinguished cousin or nephew of King Blue…tooth's; who had done fine
  viking work; and gained; such wealth that he got the epithet of 〃Gold;〃 and
  who now was infinitely desirous of a share in Blue…tooth's kingdom as the
  proper   finish   to   these   sea…rovings。   He   even   ventured   one   day   to   make
  publicly a distinct proposal that way to King Harald Blue…tooth himself;
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  who flew into thunder and lightning at the mere mention of it; so that none
  durst   speak   to   him   for   several   days   afterwards。   Of   both   these   Haralds
  Hakon   was   confidential   friend;   and   needed   all   his   skill   to   walk   without
  immediate   annihilation   between   such   a   pair   of   dragons;   and   work   out
  Norway  for   himself   withal。   In   the   end   he   found   he   must   take   solidly  to
  Blue…tooth's side of the question; and that they two must provide a recipe
  for Gold Harald and Norway both at once。
  〃It   is   as   much   as   your   life   is   worth   to   speak   again   of   sharing   this
  Danish kingdom;〃 said Hakon very privately to Gold Harald; 〃but could
  not you; my golden friend; be content with Norway for a kingdom; if one
  helped you to it?〃
  〃That could I well;〃 answered Harald。
  〃Then keep me those nine war…ships you have just been rigging for a
  new viking cruise; have these in readiness when I lift my finger!〃
  That     was    the   recipe   contrived     for   Gold    Harald;     recipe    for  King
  Greyfell goes into the same vial; and is also ready。
  Hitherto the Hakon…Blue…tooth disturbances in Norway had amounted
  to but little。 King Greyfell; a very active and valiant man; has constantly;
  without      much     difficulty;   repelled    these    sporadic     bits  of   troubles;    but
  Greyfell;   all   the   same;   would   willingly   have   peace   with   dangerous   old
  Blue…tooth (ever anxious to get his clutches over Norway on any terms) if
  peace with him could be had。 Blue…tooth; too; professes every willingness;
  inveigles   Greyfell;   he   and   Hakon   do;   to   have   a   friendly   meeting   on   the
  Danish borders; and not only settle all these quarrels; but generously settle
  Greyfell in certain fiefs which he claimed in Denmark itself; and so swear
  everlasting   friendship。   Greyfell   joyfully   complies;   punctually   appears   at
  the   appointed   day   in   Lymfjord   Sound;   the   appointed   place。   Whereupon
  Hakon gives signal to Gold Harald; 〃To Lymfjord with these nine ships of
  yours;   swift!〃   Gold   Harald   flies   to   Lymfjord   with   his   ships;   challenges
  King   Harald   Greyfell   to   land   and   fight;   which   the   undaunted   Greyfell;
  though   so   far   outnumbered;   does;   and;   fighting   his   very   best;   perishes
  there;   he   and   almost   all   his   people。   Which   done;   Jarl   Hakon;   who   is   in
  readiness; attacks Gold Harald; the victorious but the wearied; easily beats
  Gold Harald; takes him prisoner; and instantly hangs and ends him; to the
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  huge joy of King Blue…tooth and Hakon; who now make instant voyage to
  Norway; drive all the brother under…kings into rapid flight to the Orkneys;
  to any readiest shelter; and so; under the patronage of Blue…tooth; Hakon;
  with the title of Jarl; becomes ruler of Norway。 This foul treachery done on
  the brave and honest Harald Greyfell is by some dated about A。D。 969; by
  Munch; 965; by others; computing out of Snorro only; A。D。 975。 For there
  is always an uncertainty in these Icelandic dates (say rather; rare and rude
  attempts at dati