第 4 节
作者:北方网      更新:2021-02-24 22:10      字数:9320
  which our fathers before us have held; and all our ancestors as well; first in
  the age of burial by burning; and now in that of earth burial; and yet these
  departed ones were much our superiors; and their faith; too; has brought
  prosperity to us。 Thee; at the same time; we have loved so much that we
  raised thee to manage all the laws of the land; and speak as their voice to
  us all。 And even now it is our will and the vote of all Bonders to keep that
  paction which thou gavest us here on the Thing at Froste; and to maintain
  thee as king so long as any of us Bonders who are here upon the Thing has
  life left; provided thou; king; wilt go fairly to work; and demand of us only
  such things as are not impossible。 But if thou wilt fix upon this thing with
  so great obstinacy; and employ force and power; in that case; we Bonders
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  have taken the resolution; all of us; to fall away from thee; and to take for
  ourselves another head; who will so behave that we may enjoy in freedom
  the belief which is agreeable to us。 Now shalt thou; king; choose one of
  these   two   courses      before   the   Thing    disperse。〃    〃Whereupon;〃   adds         the
  Chronicle; 〃all the Bonders raised a mighty shout; 'Yes; we will have it so;
  as has been said。'〃 So that Jarl Sigurd had to intervene; and King Hakon to
  choose   for   the   moment   the   milder   branch   of   the   alternative。'4' At   other
  Things Hakon was more or less successful。 All his days; by such methods
  as there were; he kept pressing forward with this great enterprise; and on
  the   whole   did   thoroughly   shake   asunder   the   old   edifice   of   heathendom;
  and fairly introduce some foundation for the new and better rule of faith
  and life among his people。 Sigurd; Jarl of Lade; his wise counsellor in all
  these matters; is also a man worthy of notice。
  Hakon's   arrangements   against   the   continual   invasions   of   Eric's   sons;
  with Danish Blue…tooth backing them; were manifold; and for a long time
  successful。   He   appointed;   after   consultation   and   consent   in   the   various
  Things;     so   many     war…ships;     fully  manned      and   ready;    to  be   furnished
  instantly on the King's demand by each province or fjord; watch…fires; on
  fit places; from hill to hill all along the coast; were to be carefully set up;
  carefully   maintained   in   readiness;   and   kindled   on   any   alarm   of   war。   By
  such     methods      Blue…tooth     and   Co。's    invasions     were    for  a  long    while
  triumphantly;   and   even   rapidly;   one   and   all   of   them;   beaten   back;   till   at
  length they  seemed   as   if intending to   cease   altogether;   and   leave   Hakon
  alone of them。 But such was not their issue after all。 The sons of Eric had
  only abated under constant discouragement; had not finally left off from
  what seemed their one great feasibility in life。 Gunhild; their mother; was
  still   with   them:   a   most   contriving;   fierce…minded;   irreconcilable   woman;
  diligent and urgent on them; in season and out of season; and as for King
  Blue…tooth; he was at all times ready to help; with his good…will at least。
  That of the alarm…fires on Hakon's part was found troublesome by his
  people; sometimes it was even hurtful and provoking (lighting your alarm…
  fires and rousing the whole coast and population; when it was nothing but
  some   paltry   viking   with   a   couple   of   ships);   in   short;   the   alarm…signal
  system fell into disuse; and good King Hakon himself; in the first place;
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  paid the penalty。 It is counted; by the latest commentators; to have been
  about A。D。  961;  sixteenth or   seventeenth   year   of   Hakon's pious;  valiant;
  and   worthy   reign。   Being   at   a   feast   one   day;   with   many   guests;   on   the
  Island   of   Stord;   sudden   announcement   came   to   him   that   ships   from   the
  south were approaching in quantity; and evidently ships of war。 This was
  the biggest of all the Blue…tooth foster…son invasions; and it was fatal to
  Hakon   the   Good   that   night。   Eyvind   the   Skaldaspillir   (annihilator   of   all
  other Skalds); in his famed _Hakon's Song_; gives account; and; still more
  pertinently; the  always practical   Snorro。  Danes in great multitude;  six   to
  one; as people afterwards computed; springing swiftly to land; and ranking
  themselves; Hakon; nevertheless; at once deciding not to take to his ships
  and run;  but to fight   there; one to   six;   fighting; accordingly;  in   his   most
  splendid manner; and at last gloriously prevailing; routing and scattering
  back to their ships and flight homeward these six…to…one Danes。 〃During
  the struggle of the fight;〃 says Snorro; 〃he was very conspicuous among
  other men; and while the sun shone; his bright gilded helmet glanced; and
  thereby     many     weapons     were    directed    at  him。   One    of  his  henchmen;
  Eyvind Finnson (_i。e。_ Skaldaspillir; the poet); took a hat; and put it over
  the king's helmet。 Now; among the hostile first leaders were two uncles of
  the Ericsons; brothers of Gunhild; great champions both; Skreya; the elder
  of them; on the disappearance of the glittering helmet; shouted boastfully;
  'Does the king of the Norsemen hide himself; then; or has he fled? Where
  now is the golden helmet?' And so saying; Skreya; and his brother Alf with
  him; pushed on like fools or madmen。 The king said; 'Come on in that way;
  and you shall find the king of the Norsemen。'〃 And in a short space of time
  braggart Skreya did come up; swinging his sword; and made a cut at the
  king; but Thoralf the Strong; an Icelander; who fought at the king's side;
  dashed his shield so hard against Skreya; that he tottered with the shock。
  On   the   same   instant   the   king   takes   his   sword   〃quernbiter〃   (able   to   cut
  _querns_ or millstones) with both hands; and hews Skreya through helm
  and head; cleaving him down to the shoulders。 Thoralf also slew Alf。 That
  was     what    they   got   by   such    over…hasty     search    for  the   king   of   the
  Norsemen。'5'
  Snorro considers the fall of these two champion uncles as the crisis of
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  the fight; the Danish force being much disheartened by such a sight; and
  King Hakon now pressing on so hard that all men gave way before him;
  the   battle   on   the   Ericson   part   became   a   whirl   of   recoil;   and   in   a   few
  minutes more a torrent of mere flight and haste to get on board their ships;
  and put to sea again; in which operation many of them were drowned; says
  Snorro; survivors making instant sail for Denmark in that sad condition。
  This   seems   to   have   been   King   Hakon's   finest   battle;   and   the   most
  conspicuous   of   his   victories;   due   not   a   little   to   his   own   grand   qualities
  shown      on   the   occasion。     But;    alas!  it  was    his   last  also。   He   was    still
  zealously directing the chase of that mad Danish flight; or whirl of recoil
  towards their ships; when an arrow; shot Most likely at a venture; hit him
  under the left armpit; and this proved his death。
  He   was   helped   into his  ship;  and   made   sail   for Alrekstad;  where   his
  chief residence in those parts was; but had to stop at a smaller place of his
  (which   had   been   his   mother's;   and   where   he   himself   was   born)a   place
  called   Hella   (the   Flat   Rock);   still   known   as   〃Hakon's   Hella;〃   faint   from
  loss of blood; and crushed down as he had never before felt。 Having no
  son and only one daughter; he appointed these invasive sons of Eric to be
  sent   for;   and   if   he   died   to   become   king;   but   to   〃spare   his   friends   and
  kindred。〃 〃If a longer life be granted me;〃 he said; 〃I will go out of this
  land to Christian men; and do penance for what I have committed against
  God。 But if I die in the country of the heathen; let me have such burial as
  you   yourselves   think   fittest。〃   These   are   his   last   recorded   words。 And   in
  heathen   fashion   he   was   buried;   and   besung   by   Eyvind   and   the   Skalds;
  though himself a zealously Christian king。 Hakon the _Good_; so one still
  finds   him  worthy  of   being   called。 The   sorrow   on   Hakon's   death;   Snorro
  tells us; was so great and universal; 〃that he was lamented both by friends
  and   enemies;   and   they   said   that   never   again   would   Norway   see   such   a
  king。〃