第 3 节
作者:北方网      更新:2021-02-24 22:10      字数:9322
  〃Thou   hast   taken   him   on   thy   knee   'common   symbol   of   adoption';   thou
  canst kill him  if   thou   wilt; but thou   dost   not   thereby kill   all   the sons of
  Harald。〃     Athelstan     straightway      took   milder    thoughts;     brought    up;   and
  carefully educated Hakon; from whom; and this singular adventure; came;
  before very long; the first tidings of Christianity into Norway。
  Harald Haarfagr; latterly withdrawn from all kinds of business; died at
  the    age    of   eighty…threeabout         A。D。    933;    as   is   computed;       nearly
  contemporary in death with the first Danish King; Gorm the Old; who had
  done      a  corresponding        feat   in   reducing     Denmark       under     one    head。
  Remarkable   old   men;   these   two   first   kings;   and   possessed   of   gifts   for
  bringing Chaos a little nearer to the form of Cosmos; possessed; in fact; of
  loyalties to Cosmos; that is to say; of authentic virtues in the savage state;
  such as have been needed in all societies at their incipience in this world; a
  kind   of   〃virtues〃   hugely   in   discredit   at   present;   but   not   unlikely   to   be
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  needed again; to the astonishment of careless persons; before all is done!
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  CHAPTER III
  HAKON THE GOOD。
  Eric Blood…axe; whose practical reign is counted to have begun about
  A。D。 930; had by this time; or within a year or so of this time; pretty much
  extinguished all his brother kings; and crushed down recalcitrant spirits; in
  his violent way; but had naturally become entirely unpopular in Norway;
  and   filled   it   with   silent   discontent   and   even   rage   against   him。   Hakon
  Fairhair's last son; the little foster…child of Athelstan in England; who had
  been    baptized    and   carefully    educated;    was   come    to  his  fourteenth    or
  fifteenth year at his father's death; a very shining youth; as Athelstan saw
  with just pleasure。 So soon as the few preliminary preparations had been
  settled;   Hakon;     furnished    with   a  ship   or  two   by   Athelstan;    suddenly
  appeared in Norway got acknowledged by the Peasant Thing in Trondhjem
  〃the news of which flew over Norway; like fire through dried grass;〃 says
  an old chronicler。 So that Eric; with his Queen Gunhild; and seven small
  children; had to run; no other shift for Eric。 They went to the Orkneys first
  of   all;  then   to  England;    and   he   〃got  Northumberland        as  earldom;〃     I
  vaguely hear; from Athelstan。 But Eric soon died; and his queen; with her
  children;   went   back   to  the   Orkneys   in   search   of   refuge   or   help;   to   little
  purpose   there   or   elsewhere。   From   Orkney   she   went   to   Denmark;   where
  Harald Blue…tooth took her poor eldest boy as foster…child; but I fear did
  not    very   faithfully   keep   that   promise。    The   Danes     had   been   robbing
  extensively during the late tumults in Norway; this the Christian Hakon;
  now established there; paid in kind; and the two countries were at war; so
  that Gunhild's little boy was a welcome card in the hand of Blue…tooth。
  Hakon proved a brilliant and successful king; regulated many things;
  public law  among   others   (_Gule…Thing_   Law;  _Frost…Thing_   Law: these
  are   little   codes   of   his   accepted  by   their   respective   Things;   and   had   a
  salutary   effect   in   their   time);   with   prompt   dexterity   he   drove   back   the
  Blue…tooth foster…son invasions every time   they came; and on the  whole
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  gained for himself the name of Hakon the Good。 These Danish invasions
  were   a   frequent   source   of   trouble   to   him;   but   his   greatest   and   continual
  trouble     was     that   of   extirpating     heathen     idolatry    from     Norway;      and
  introducing the Christian Evangel in its stead。 His transcendent anxiety to
  achieve   this   salutary   enterprise   was   all   along   his   grand   difficulty   and
  stumbling…block; the heathen opposition to it being also rooted and great。
  Bishops   and   priests   from   England   Hakon   had;   preaching   and   baptizing
  what     they   could;    but   making     only   slow     progress;    much     too   slow    for
  Hakon's zeal。 On the other hand; every Yule…tide; when the chief heathen
  were assembled in his own palace on their grand sacrificial festival; there
  was   great   pressure   put   upon   Hakon;   as   to   sprinkling   with   horse…blood;
  drinking Yule…beer; eating horse…flesh; and the other distressing rites; the
  whole of which Hakon abhorred; and with all his steadfastness strove to
  reject   utterly。   Sigurd;   Jarl   of   Lade   (Trondhjem);   a   liberal   heathen;   not
  openly   a   Christian;   was   ever   a   wise   counsellor   and   conciliator   in   such
  affairs;   and   proved      of   great   help   to  Hakon。   Once;      for   example;     there
  having   risen   at   a   Yule…feast;   loud;   almost   stormful   demand   that   Hakon;
  like   a   true   man   and   brother;   should   drink   Yule…beer   with   them   in   their
  sacred hightide; Sigurd persuaded him to comply; for peace's sake; at least;
  in form。 Hakon took the cup in his left hand (excellent hot _beer_); and
  with his right cut the sign of the cross above it; then drank a draught。 〃Yes;
  but what is this with the king's right hand?〃 cried the company。 〃Don't you
  see?〃 answered shifty Sigurd; 〃he makes the sign of Thor's hammer before
  drinking!〃 which quenched the matter for the time。
  Horse…flesh; horse…broth; and the horse ingredient generally; Hakon all
  but inexorably declined。 By Sigurd's pressing exhortation and entreaty; he
  did   once   take   a   kettle   of   horsebroth   by  the   handle;   with   a   good   deal   of
  linen…quilt   or   towel   interposed;   and   did   open   his   lips   for   what   of   steam
  could insinuate itself。 At another time he consented to a particle of horse…
  liver;    intending     privately;    I  guess;    to  keep    it  outside    the   gullet;   and
  smuggle it away without swallowing; but farther than this not even Sigurd
  could   persuade   him   to   go。   At   the   Things   held   in   regard   to   this   matter
  Hakon's success was always incomplete; now and then it was plain failure;
  and Hakon had to draw back till a better time。 Here is one specimen of the
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  response he got on such an occasion; curious specimen; withal; of antique
  parliamentary eloquence from an Anti…Christian Thing。
  At a Thing of all the Fylkes of Trondhjem; Thing held at Froste in that
  region; King Hakon; with   all the eloquence he had; signified that it   was
  imperatively necessary that all Bonders and sub…Bonders should become
  Christians; and   believe  in   one  God;  Christ   the  Son of   Mary;   renouncing
  entirely blood sacrifices and heathen idols; should keep every seventh day
  holy; abstain from labor that day; and even from food; devoting the day to
  fasting   and   sacred   meditation。   Whereupon;   by   way   of   universal   answer;
  arose a confused universal murmur of entire dissent。 〃Take away from us
  our   old   belief;   and   also   our   time   for   labor!〃   murmured   they   in   angry
  astonishment;   〃how   can   even   the   land   be   got   tilled   in   that   way?〃   〃We
  cannot work if we don't get food;〃 said the hand laborers and slaves。 〃It
  lies   in  King    Hakon's     blood;〃   remarked      others;   〃his   father  and    all  his
  kindred   were   apt   to   be   stingy   about   food;   though   liberal   enough   with
  money。〃 At   length;  one   Osbjorn   (or   Bear of   the Asen   or   Gods;  what   we
  now   call   Osborne);   one   Osbjorn   of   Medalhusin   Gulathal;   stept   forward;
  and said; in a distinct manner; 〃We Bonders (peasant proprietors)thought;
  King   Hakon;   when   thou   heldest   thy   first   Thing…day   here   in   Trondhjem;
  and we took thee for our king; and received our hereditary lands from thee
  again   that   we   had   got   heaven   itself。   But   now   we   know   not   how   it   is;
  whether we have won freedom; or whether thou intendest anew to make us
  slaves;   with   this   wonderful   proposal   that   we   should   renounce   our   faith;
  which our fathers before us have held; and all our ancestors as wel