e　matter　had　been　Planned　and　contrived；　was　Aristagoras　the　Milesian。　It　is　said　that　he　no　sooner　understood　what　had　happened；　than；　laying　aside　all　thought　concerning　the　Ionians；　who　would；　he　was　sure；　pay　dear　for　their　rebellion；　he　asked；　〃Who　the　Athenians　were？〃　and；　being　informed；　called　for　his　bow；　and　placing　an　arrow　on　the　string；　shot　upward　into　the　sky；　saying；　as　he　let　fly　the　shaft…　〃Grant　me；　Jupiter；　to　revenge　myself　on　the　Athenians！〃　After　this　speech；　he　bade　one　of　his　servants　every　day；　when　his　dinner　was　spread；　three　times　repeat　these　words　to　him…　〃Master；　remember　the　Athenians。〃　　　　　Then　he　summoned　into　his　presence　Histiaeus　if　Miletus；　whom　he　had　kept　at　his　court　for　so　long　a　time；　and　on　his　appearance　addressed　him　thus　〃I　am　told；　O　Histiaeus；　that　thy　lieutenant；　to　whom　thou　hast　given　Miletus　in　charge；　has　raised　a　rebellion　against　me。　He　has　brought　men　from　the　other　continent　to　contend　with　me；　and；　prevailing　on　the　Ionians…　whose　conduct　I　shall　know　how　to　recompense…　to　join　with　this　force；　he　has　robbed　me　of　Sardis！　Is　this　as　it　should　be；　thinkest　thou　Or　can　it　have　been　done　without　thy　knowledge　and　advice？　Beware　lest　it　be　found　hereafter　that　the　blame　of　these　acts　is　thine。〃　　　　　Histiaeus　answered…　〃What　words　are　these；　O　king；　to　which　thou　hast　given　utterance？　I　advise　aught　from　which　unpleasantness　of　any　kind；　little　or　great；　should　come　to　thee！　What　could　I　gain　by　so　doing？　Or　what　is　there　that　I　lack　now？　Have　I　not　all　that　thou　hast；　and　am　I　not　thought　worthy　to　partake　all　thy　counsels？　If　my　lieutenant　has　indeed　done　as　thou　sayest；　be　sure　he　has　done　it　all　of　his　own　head。　For　my　part；　I　do　not　think　it　can　really　be　that　the　Milesians　and　my　lieutenant　have　raised　a　rebellion　against　thee。　But　if　they　have　indeed　committed　aught　to　thy　hurt；　and　the　tidings　are　true　which　have　come　to　thee；　judge　thou　how　ill…advised　thou　wert　to　remove　me　from　the　sea…coast。　The　Ionians；　it　seems；　have　waited　till　I　was　no　longer　in　sight；　and　then　sought　to　execute　that　which　they　long　ago　desired；　whereas；　if　I　had　been　there；　not　a　single　city　would　have　stirred。　Suffer　me　then　to　hasten　at　my　best　speed　to　Ionia；　that　I　may　place　matters　there　upon　their　former　footing；　and　deliver　up　to　thee　the　deputy　of　Miletus；　who　has　caused　all　the　troubles。　Having　managed　this　business　to　thy　heart's　content；　I　swear　by　all　the　gods　of　thy　royal　house；　I　will　not　put　off　the　clothes　in　which　I　reach　Ionia　till　I　have　made　Sardinia；　the　biggest　island　in　the　world；　thy　tributary。〃　　　　　Histiaeus　spoke　thus；　wishing　to　deceive　the　king；　and　Darius；　persuaded　by　his　words；　let　him　go；　only　bidding　him　be　sure　to　do　as　he　had　promised；　and　afterwards　come　back　to　Susa。　　　　　In　the　meantime…　while　the　tidings　of　the　burning　of　Sardis　were　reaching　the　king；　and　Darius　was　shooting　the　arrow　and　having　the　conference　with　Histiaeus；　and　the　latter；　by　permission　of　Darius；　was　hastening　down　to　the　sea…　in　Cyprus　the　following　events　took　place。　Tidings　came　to　Onesilus；　the　Salaminian；　who　was　still　besieging　Amathus；　that　a　certain　Artybius；　a　Persian；　was　looked　for　to　arrive　in　Cyprus　with　a　great　Persian　armament。　So　Onesilus；　when　the　news　reached　him；　sent　off　heralds　to　all　parts　of　Ionia；　and　besought　the　Ionians　to　give　him　aid。　After　brief　deliberation；　these　last　in　full　force　passed　over　into　the　island；　and　the　Persians　about　the　same　time　crossed　in　their　ships　from　Cilicia；　and　proceeded　by　land　to　attack　Salamis；　while　the　Phoenicians；　with　the　fleet；　sailed　round　the　promontory　which　goes　by　the　name　of　〃the　Keys　of　Cyprus。〃　　　　　In　this　posture　of　affairs　the　princes　of　Cyprus　called　together　the　captains　of　the　Ionians；　and　thus　addressed　them：…　　　　　〃Men　of　Ionia；　we　Cyprians　leave　it　to　you　to　choose　whether　you　will　fight　with　the　Persians　or　with　the　Phoenicians。　If　it　be　your　pleasure　to　try　your　strength　on　land　against　the　Persians；　come　on　shore　at　once；　and　array　yourselves　for　the　battle；　we　will　then　embark　aboard　your　ships　and　engage　the　Phoenicians　by　sea。　If；　on　the　other　hand；　ye　prefer　to　encounter　the　Phoenicians；　let　that　be　your　task：　only　be　sure；　whichever　part　you　choose；　to　acquit　yourselves　so　that　Ionia　and　Cyprus；　so　far　as　depends　on　you；　may　preserve　their　freedom。〃　　　　　The　Ionians　made　answer…　〃The　commonwealth　of　Ionia　sent　us　here　to　guard　the　sea；　not　to　make　over　our　ships　to　you；　and　engage　with　the　Persians　on　shore。　We　will　therefore　keep　the　post　which　has　been　assigned　to　us；　and　seek　therein　to　be　of　some　service。　Do　you；　remembering　what　you　suffered　when　you　were　the　slaves　of　the　Medes；　behave　like　brave　warriors。〃　　　　　Such　was　the　reply　of　the　Ionians。　Not　long　afterwards　the　Persians　advanced　into　the　plain　before　Salamis；　and　the　Cyprian　kings　ranged　their　troops　in　order　of　battle　against　them；　placing　them　so　that　while　the　rest　of　the　Cyprians　were　drawn　up　against　the　auxiliaries　of　the　enemy；　the　choicest　troops　of　the　Salaminians　and　the　Solians　were　set　to　oppose　the　Persians。　At　the　same　time　Onesilus；　of　his　own　accord；　took　post　opposite　to　Artybius；　the　Persian　general。　　　　　Now　Artybius　rode　a　horse　which　had　been　trained　to　rear　up　against　a　foot…soldier。　Onesilus；　informed　of　this；　called　to　him　his　shield…bearer；　who　was　a　Carian　by　nation；　a　man　well　skilled　in　war；　and　of　daring　courage；　and　thus　addressed　him：…　〃I　hear；〃　he　said；　〃that　the　horse　which　Artybius　rides；　rears　up　and　attacks　with　his　fore　legs　and　teeth　the　man　against　whom　his　rider　urges　him。　Consider　quickly　therefore　and　tell　me　which　wilt　thou　undertake　to　encounter；　the　steed　or　the　rider？〃　Then　the　squire　answered　him；　〃Both；　my　liege；　or　either；　am　I　ready　to　undertake；　and　there　is　nothing　that　I　will　shrink　from　at　thy　bidding。　But　I　will　tell　thee　what　seems　to　me　to　make　most　for　thy　interests。　As　thou　art　a　prince　and　a　general；　I　think　thou　shouldest　engage　with　one　who　is　himself　both　a　prince　and　also　a　general。　For　then；　if　thou　slayest　thine　adversary；　'twill　redound　to　thine　honour；　and　if　he　slays　thee　（which　may　Heaven　forefend！）；　yet　to　fall　by　the　hand　of　a　worthy　foe　makes　death　lose　half　its　horror。　To　us；　thy　followers；　leave　his　war…horse　and　his　retinue。　And　have　thou　no　fear　of　the　horse's　tricks。　I　warrant　that　this　is　the　last　time　he　will　stand　up　against　any　one。〃　　　　　Thus　spake　the　Carian；　and　shortly　after；　the　two　hosts　joined　battle　both　by　sea　and　land。　And　here　it　chanced　that　by　sea　the　Ionians；　who　that　day　fought　as　they　have　never　done　either　before　or　since；　defeated　the　Phoenicians；　the　Samians　especially　distinguishing　themselves。　Meanwhile　the　combat　had　begun　on　land；　and　the　two　armies　were　engaged　in　a　sharp　struggle；　when　thus　it　fell　out　in　the　matter　of　the　generals。　Artybius；　astride　upon　his　horse；　charged　down　upon　Onesilus；　who；　as　he　had　agreed　with　his　shield…bearer；　aimed　his　blow　at　the　rider；　the　horse　reared　and　placed　his　fore　feet　upon　the　shield　of　Onesilus；　when　the　Carian　cut　at　him　with　a　reaping…hook；　and　severed　the　two　legs　from　the　body。　The　horse　fell　upon　the　spot；　and　Artybius；　the　Persian　general；　with　him。　　　　　In　the　thick　of　the　fight；　Stesanor；　tyrant　of　Curium；　who　commanded　no　inconsiderable　body　of　troops；　went　over　with　them　to　the　enemy。　On　this　desertion　of　the　Curians…　Argive　colonists；　if　report　says　true…　forthwith　the　war…chariots　of　the　Salaminians　followed　the　example　set　them；　and　went　over　likewise；　whereupon　victory　declared　in　favour　of　the　Persians；　and　the　army　of　the　Cyprians　being　routed；　vast　numbers　were　slain；　and　among　them　Onesilus；　the　son　of　Chersis；　who　was　the　author　of　the　revolt；　and　Aristocyprus；　king　of　the　Solians。　This　Aristocyprus　was　son　of　Philocyprus；　whom　Solon　the　Athenian；　when　he　visited　Cyprus；　praised　in　his　poems　beyond　all　other　sovereigns。　　　　　The　Amathusians；　because　Onesilus　had　laid　siege　to　their　town；　cut　the　head　off　his　corpse；　and　took　it　with　them　to　Amathus；　where　it　was　set　up　over　the　gates。　Here　it　hung　till　it　became　hollow；　whereupon　a　swarm　of　bees　took　possession　of　it；　and　filled　it　with　a　honeycomb。　On　seeing　this　the　Amathusians　consulted　the　oracle；　and　were　commanded　〃to　take　down　the　head　and　bury　it；　and　thenceforth　to　regard　Onesilus　as　a　hero；　and　offer　sacrifice　to　him　year　by　year；　so　it　would　go　the　better　with　them。〃　And　to　this　day　the　Amathusians　do　as　they　were　then　bidden。　　　　　As　for　the　Ionians　who　had　gained　the　sea…fight；　when　they　found　that　the　affairs　of　Onesilus　were　utterly　lost　and　ruined；　and　that　siege　was　laid　to　all　the　cities　of　Cyprus　excepting　Salamis；　which　the　inhabitants　had　surrendered　to　Gorgus；　the　former　king；　forthwith　they　left　Cyprus；　and　sailed　away　home。　Of　the　cities　which　were　besieged；　Soli　held　out　the　longest：　the　Persians　took　it　by　undermining　the　wall　in　the　fifth　month　from　the　beginning　of　the　siege。　　　　　Thus；　after　enjoying　a　year　of　freedom；　the　Cyprians　were　enslaved　for　the　second　time。　Meanwhile　Daurises；　who　was　married　to　one　of　the　daughters　of　Darius；　together　with　Hymeas；　Otanes；　and　other　Persian　captains；　who　were　likewise　married　to　daughters　of　the　king；　after　pursuing　the　Ionians　who　had　fought　at　Sardis；　defeating　t