第 1 节
作者:猜火车      更新:2021-02-21 14:35      字数:9322
  SOPHOCLES
  OEDIPUS THE KING
  Translation by F。 Storr; BA
  Formerly Scholar of Trinity College; Cambridge
  From the Loeb Library Edition
  Originally published by
  Harvard University Press; Cambridge; MA
  and
  William Heinemann Ltd; London
  First published in 1912
  ARGUMENT
  To Laius; King of Thebes; an oracle foretold that the child  born
  to him by his queen Jocasta would slay his father and wed his  mother。
  So when in time a son was born the infant's feet were riveted together
  and  he was left to die on Mount Cithaeron。  But a shepherd found  the
  babe  and tended him; and delivered him to another shepherd  who  took
  him  to  his  master; the King or Corinth。   Polybus  being  childless
  adopted  the boy; who grew up believing that he was indeed the  King's
  son。  Afterwards doubting his parentage he inquired of the Delphic god
  and  heard himself the weird declared before to Laius。   Wherefore  he
  fled  from  what  he deemed his father's house and in  his  flight  he
  encountered and unwillingly slew his father Laius。  Arriving at Thebes
  he  answered  the riddle of the Sphinx and the grateful  Thebans  made
  their  deliverer  king。   So  he reigned in the  room  of  Laius;  and
  espoused  the  widowed queen。  Children were born to them  and  Thebes
  prospered  under his rule; but again a grievous plague fell  upon  the
  city。   Again  the  oracle  was  consulted  and  it  bade  them  purge
  themselves of blood…guiltiness。  Oedipus denounces the crime of  which
  he  is  unaware; and undertakes to track  out the criminal。   Step  by
  step it is brought home to him that he is the man。  The closing  scene
  reveals  Jocasta slain by her own hand and Oedipus blinded by his  own
  act and praying for death or exile。
  DRAMATIS PERSONAE
  Oedipus。
  The Priest of Zeus。
  Creon。
  Chorus of Theban Elders。
  Teiresias。
  Jocasta。
  Messenger。
  Herd of Laius。
  Second Messenger。
  Scene:  Thebes。  Before the Palace of Oedipus。
  OEDIPUS THE KING
  Suppliants of all ages are seated round the altar at the palace doors;
  at their head a PRIEST OF ZEUS。  To them enter OEDIPUS。
  OEDIPUS
  My children; latest born to Cadmus old;
  Why sit ye here as suppliants; in your hands
  Branches of olive filleted with wool?
  What means this reek of incense everywhere;
  And everywhere laments and litanies?
  Children; it were not meet that I should learn
  From others; and am hither come; myself;
  I Oedipus; your world…renowned king。
  Ho! aged sire; whose venerable locks
  Proclaim thee spokesman of this company;
  Explain your mood and purport。  Is it dread
  Of ill that moves you or a boon ye crave?
  My zeal in your behalf ye cannot doubt;
  Ruthless indeed were I and obdurate
  If such petitioners as you I spurned。
  PRIEST
  Yea; Oedipus; my sovereign lord and king;
  Thou seest how both extremes of age besiege
  Thy palace altarsfledglings hardly winged;
  and greybeards bowed with years; priests; as am I
  of Zeus; and these the flower of our youth。
  Meanwhile; the common folk; with wreathed boughs
  Crowd our two market…places; or before
  Both shrines of Pallas congregate; or where
  Ismenus gives his oracles by fire。
  For; as thou seest thyself; our ship of State;
  Sore buffeted; can no more lift her head;
  Foundered beneath a weltering surge of blood。
  A blight is on our harvest in the ear;
  A blight upon the grazing flocks and herds;
  A blight on wives in travail; and withal
  Armed with his blazing torch the God of Plague
  Hath swooped upon our city emptying
  The house of Cadmus; and the murky realm
  Of Pluto is full fed with groans and tears。
  Therefore; O King; here at thy hearth we sit;
  I and these children; not as deeming thee
  A new divinity; but the first of men;
  First in the common accidents of life;
  And first in visitations of the Gods。
  Art thou not he who coming to the town
  of Cadmus freed us from the tax we paid
  To the fell songstress?  Nor hadst thou received
  Prompting from us or been by others schooled;
  No; by a god inspired (so all men deem;
  And testify) didst thou renew our life。
  And now; O Oedipus; our peerless king;
  All we thy votaries beseech thee; find
  Some succor; whether by a voice from heaven
  Whispered; or haply known by human wit。
  Tried counselors; methinks; are aptest found '1'
  To furnish for the future pregnant rede。
  Upraise; O chief of men; upraise our State!
  Look to thy laurels! for thy zeal of yore
  Our country's savior thou art justly hailed:
  O never may we thus record thy reign:
  〃He raised us up only to cast us down。〃
  Uplift us; build our city on a rock。
  Thy happy star ascendant brought us luck;
  O let it not decline!  If thou wouldst rule
  This land; as now thou reignest; better sure
  To rule a peopled than a desert realm。
  Nor battlements nor galleys aught avail;
  If men to man and guards to guard them tail。
  OEDIPUS
  Ah! my poor children; known; ah; known too well;
  The quest that brings you hither and your need。
  Ye sicken all; well wot I; yet my pain;
  How great soever yours; outtops it all。
  Your sorrow touches each man severally;
  Him and none other; but I grieve at once
  Both for the general and myself and you。
  Therefore ye rouse no sluggard from day…dreams。
  Many; my children; are the tears I've wept;
  And threaded many a maze of weary thought。
  Thus pondering one clue of hope I caught;
  And tracked it up; I have sent Menoeceus' son;
  Creon; my consort's brother; to inquire
  Of Pythian Phoebus at his Delphic shrine;
  How I might save the State by act or word。
  And now I reckon up the tale of days
  Since he set forth; and marvel how he fares。
  'Tis strange; this endless tarrying; passing strange。
  But when he comes; then I were base indeed;
  If I perform not all the god declares。
  PRIEST
  Thy words are well timed; even as thou speakest
  That shouting tells me Creon is at hand。
  OEDIPUS
  O King Apollo! may his joyous looks
  Be presage of the joyous news he brings!
  PRIEST
  As I surmise; 'tis welcome; else his head
  Had scarce been crowned with berry…laden bays。
  OEDIPUS
  We soon shall know; he's now in earshot range。
  'Enter CREON'
  My royal cousin; say; Menoeceus' child;
  What message hast thou brought us from the god?
  CREON
  Good news; for e'en intolerable ills;
  Finding right issue; tend to naught but good。
  OEDIPUS
  How runs the oracle? thus far thy words
  Give me no ground for confidence or fear。
  CREON
  If thou wouldst hear my message publicly;
  I'll tell thee straight; or with thee pass within。
  OEDIPUS
  Speak before all; the burden that I bear
  Is more for these my subjects than myself。
  CREON
  Let me report then all the god declared。
  King Phoebus bids us straitly extirpate
  A fell pollution that infests the land;
  And no more harbor an inveterate sore。
  OEDIPUS
  What expiation means he?  What's amiss?
  CREON
  Banishment; or the shedding blood for blood。
  This stain of blood makes shipwreck of our state。
  OEDIPUS
  Whom can he mean; the miscreant thus denounced?
  CREON
  Before thou didst assume the helm of State;
  The sovereign of this land was Laius。
  OEDIPUS
  I heard as much; but never saw the man。
  CREON
  He fell; and now the god's command is plain:
  Punish his takers…off; whoe'er they be。
  OEDIPUS
  Where are they?  Where in the wide world to find
  The far; faint traces of a bygone crime?
  CREON
  In this land; said the god; 〃who seeks shall find;
  Who sits with folded hands or sleeps is blind。〃
  OEDIPUS
  Was he within his palace; or afield;
  Or traveling; when Laius met his fate?
  CREON
  Abroad; he started; so he told us; bound
  For Delphi; but he never thence returned。
  OEDIPUS
  Came there no news; no fellow…traveler
  To give some clue that might be followed up?
  CREON
  But one escape; who flying for dear life;
  Could tell of all he saw but one thing sure。
  OEDIPUS
  And what was that?  One clue might lead us far;
  With but a spark of hope to guide our quest。
  CREON
  Robbers; he told us; not one bandit but
  A troop of knaves; attacked and murdered him。
  OEDIPUS
  Did any bandit dare so bold a stroke;
  Unless indeed he were suborned from Thebes?
  CREON
  So 'twas surmised; but none was found to avenge
  His murder mid the trouble that ensued。
  OEDIPUS
  What trouble can have hindered a full quest;
  When royalty had fallen thus miserably?
  CREON
  The riddling Sphinx compelled us to let slide
  The dim past and attend to instant needs。
  OEDIPUS
  Well; _I_ will start afresh and once again
  Make dark things clear。  Right worthy the concern
  Of Phoebus; worthy thine too; for the dead;
  I also; as is meet; will lend my aid
  To avenge this wrong to Thebes and to the god。
  Not for some far…off kinsman