第 154 节
作者:闪啊闪      更新:2021-02-21 14:06      字数:9322
  SUPERIORS; JUST AS THOUGH THEY WERE A DEAD BODY; WHICH ALLOWS ITSELF TO BE
  CARRIED ANYWHERE AND TO BE TREATED IN ANY MANNER WHATEVER; OR AS AN OLD
  MAN'S STAFF; WHICH SERVES HIM WHO HOLDS IT IN HIS HAND IN WHATSOEVER WAY HE
  WILL。'
  〃THIS ABSOLUTE SUBMISSION IS ENNOBLED BY ITS MOTIVE; AND SHOULD BE;
  CONTINUES THE 。 。 。 FOUNDER; 'PROMPT; JOYOUS AND PERSEVERING; 。 。 。 THE
  OBEDIENT RELIGIOUS ACCOMPLISHES JOYFULLY THAT WHICH HIS SUPERIORS HAVE
  CONFIDED TO HIM FOR THE GENERAL GOOD; ASSURED THAT THEREBY HE CORRESPONDS
  TRULY WITH THE DIVINE WILL。'〃THE COMTESSE R。 DE COURSON; IN CONCERNING
  JESUITS; PAGE 6。
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  SEE ALSO L。 E。 DUPIN; A COMPENDIOUS HISTORY OF THE CHURCH; CENT。
  16; CH。 33 (LONDON; 1713; VOL。 4; PP。 132…135); MOSHEIM; ECCLESIASTICAL
  HISTORY; CENT。 16; SEC。 3; PT。 1; CH。 1; PAR。 10 (INCLUDING NOTES); THE
  ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA (9TH ED。); ART。 〃JESUITS;〃 C。 PAROISSEN; THE
  PRINCIPLES OF THE JESUITS; DEVELOPED IN A COLLECTION OF EXTRACTS FROM THEIR
  OWN AUTHORS (LONDON; 1860AN EARLIER EDITION APPEARED IN 1839); W。 C。
  CARTWRIGHT; THE JESUITS; THEIR CONSTITUTION AND TEACHING (LONDON; 1876); E。
  L。 TAUNTON; THE HISTORY OF THE JESUITS IN ENGLAND;
  1580…1773 (LONDON; 1901)。
  SEE ALSO H。 BOEHMER; THE JESUITS (TRANSLATION FROM THE GERMAN; PHILADELPHIA;
  CASTLE PRESS 1928 ); E。 GOETHEIN; IGNATIUS LOYOLA AND THE GEGEN…REFORMATION
  (HALLE; 1895); T。 CAMPBELL; THE JESUITS; 1534
  1921 (NEW YORK; 1922); E。 L。 TAUNTON; THE HISTORY OF THE JESUITS IN
  ENGLAND; 1580…1773 (LONDON; 1901)。
  PAGE 235。 THE INQUISITION。FOR THE ROMAN CATHOLIC VIEW SEE THE CATHOLIC
  ENCYCLOPEDIA; VOL。 8; ART。 〃INQUISITION〃 BY JOSEPH BLOTZER; P。
  26 FF。: AND E。 VACANDARD; THE INQUISITION: A CRITICAL AND HISTORICAL
  STUDY OF THE COERCIVE POWER OF THE CHURCH (NEW YORK: LONGMANS; GREEN AND
  COMPANY; 1908)。
  FOR AN ANGLO…CATHOLIC VIEW SEE HOFFMAN NICKERSON; THE INQUISITION: A
  POLITICAL AND MILITARY STUDY OF ITS ESTABLISHMENT。 FOR THE NON…CATHOLIC VIEW
  SEE PHILIP VAN LIMBORCH; HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION; HENRY CHARLES LEA; A
  HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION OF THE MIDDLE AGES; 3 VOLS。; A HISTORY OF THE
  INQUISITION OF SPAIN; 4 VOLS。; AND THE INQUISITION IN THE SPANISH
  DEPENDENCIES; AND H。 S。 TURBERVILLE; MEDIEVAL HERESY AND THE INQUISITION
  (LONDON: C。 LOCKWOOD AND SON; 1920A MEDIATING VIEW)。
  PAGE 265。 CAUSES OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION。ON THE FAR…REACHING CONSEQUENCES
  OF THE REJECTION OF THE BIBLE AND OF BIBLE RELIGION; BY THE PEOPLE OF
  FRANCE; SEE H。 VON SYBEL; HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION; B。 5; CH。 1;
  PARS。 3…7; HENRY THOMAS BUCKLE; HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION IN ENGLAND; CHS。 8 ;
  12; 14 (NEW YORK; 1895; VOL。 1; PP。 364…366; 369…371;
  437; 540; 541; 550); BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE; VOL。 34; NO。 215
  (NOVEMBER; 1833); P。 739; J。 G。 LORIMER; AN HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE
  PROTESTANT CHURCH IN FRANCE; CH。 8; PARS。 6; 7。
  PAGE 267。 EFFORTS TO SUPPRESS AND DESTROY THE BIBLE。THE COUNCIL OF
  TOULOUSE; WHICH MET ABOUT THE TIME OF THE CRUSADE AGAINST THE ALBIGENSES;
  RULED: 〃WE PROHIBIT LAYMEN POSSESSING COPIES OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT。 。
  。 。 WE FORBID THEM MOST SEVERELY TO HAVE THE ABOVE BOOKS IN THE POPULAR
  VERNACULAR。〃 〃THE LORDS OF THE DISTRICTS SHALL CAREFULLY SEEK OUT THE
  HERETICS IN DWELLINGS; HOVELS; AND FORESTS; AND EVEN THEIR UNDERGROUND
  RETREATS SHALL BE ENTIRELY WIPED OUT。〃COUNCIL。 TOLOSANUM; POPE GREGORY IX;
  ANNO。 CHR。 1229。 CANONS 14 AND 2。 THIS COUNCIL SAT AT THE TIME OF THE
  CRUSADE AGAINST THE ALBIGENSES。
  〃THIS PEST 'THE BIBLE' HAD TAKEN SUCH AN EXTENSION THAT SOME PEOPLE HAD
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  APPOINTED PRIESTS OF THEIR OWN; AND EVEN SOME EVANGELISTS WHO DISTORTED AND
  DESTROYED THE TRUTH OF THE GOSPEL AND MADE NEW GOSPELS FOR THEIR OWN PURPOSE
  。 。 。 (THEY KNOW THAT) THE PREACHING AND EXPLANATION OF THE BIBLE IS
  ABSOLUTELY FORBIDDEN TO THE LAY MEMBERS。〃ACTS OF INQUISITION; PHILIP VAN
  LIMBORCH; HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION; CHAPTER 8。
  THE COUNCIL OF TARRAGONA; 1234; RULED THAT: 〃NO ONE MAY POSSESS THE BOOKS OF
  THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS IN THE ROMANCE LANGUAGE; AND IF ANYONE POSSESSES
  THEM HE MUST TURN THEM OVER TO THE LOCAL BISHOP WITHIN EIGHT DAYS AFTER
  PROMULGATION OF THIS DECREE; SO THAT THEY MAY BE BURNED LEST; BE HE A CLERIC
  OR A LAYMAN; HE BE SUSPECTED UNTIL HE IS CLEARED OF ALL SUSPICION。〃D。
  LORTSCH; HISTOIRE DE LA BIBLE EN FRANCE; 1910; P。 14。
  AT THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE; IN 1415; WYCLIFFE WAS POSTHUMOUSLY CONDEMNED BY
  ARUNDEL; THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY; AS 〃THAT PESTILENT WRETCH OF DAMNABLE
  HERESY WHO INVENTED A NEW TRANSLATION OF THE SCRIPTURES IN HIS MOTHER
  TONGUE。〃
  THE OPPOSITION TO THE BIBLE BY THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH HAS CONTINUED
  THROUGH THE CENTURIES AND WAS INCREASED PARTICULARLY AT THE TIME OF THE
  FOUNDING OF BIBLE SOCIETIES。 ON DECEMBER 8; 1866; POPE PIUS IX; IN HIS
  ENCYCLICAL QUANTA CURA; ISSUED A SYLLABUS OF EIGHTY ERRORS UNDER TEN
  DIFFERENT HEADINGS。 UNDER HEADING IV WE FIND LISTED: 〃SOCIALISM; COMMUNISM;
  CLANDESTINE SOCIETIES; BIBLE SOCIETIES。 。 。 。 PESTS OF THIS SORT MUST BE
  DESTROYED BY ALL POSSIBLE MEANS。〃
  PAGE 276。 THE REIGN OF TERROR。FOR A RELIABLE; BRIEF INTRODUCTION INTO THE
  HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION SEE L。 GERSHOY; THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
  (1932); G。 LEFEBVRE; THE COMING OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (PRINCETON; 1947);
  AND H。 VON SYBEL; HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (1869); 4 VOLS。
  THE MONITEUR OFFICIEL WAS THE GOVERNMENT PAPER AT THE TIME OF THE REVOLUTION
  AND IS A PRIMARY SOURCE; CONTAINING A FACTUAL ACCOUNT OF ACTIONS TAKEN BY
  THE ASSEMBLIES; FULL TEXTS OF THE DOCUMENTS; ETC。 IT HAS BEEN REPRINTED。 SEE
  ALSO A。 AULARD; CHRISTIANITY AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (LONDON; 1927); IN
  WHICH THE ACCOUNT IS CARRIED THROUGH
  1802AN EXCELLENT STUDY; W。 H。 JERVIS; THE GALLICAN CHURCH AND THE
  REVOLUTION (LONDON; 1882); A CAREFUL WORK BY AN ANGLICAN; BUT SHOWS
  PREFERENCE FOR CATHOLICISM。
  ON THE RELATION OF CHURCH AND STATE IN FRANCE DURING THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
  SEE HENRY H。 WALSH; THE CONCORDATE OF 1801: A STUDY OF NATIONALISM IN
  RELATION TO CHURCH AND STATE (NEW YORK; 1933); CHARLES LEDRE; L'ENGLISE DE
  FRANCE SOULS LA REVOLUTION (PARIS; 1949)。
  SOME CONTEMPORARY STUDIES ON THE RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE OF THE REVOLUTION
  ARE G。 CHAIS DE SOURCESOL; LE LIVRE DES MANIFESTES (AVIGNON; 1800); IN WHICH
  THE AUTHOR ENDEAVORED TO ASCERTAIN THE CAUSES OF THE UPHEAVAL; AND ITS
  RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE; ETC。; JAMES BICHENO; THE SIGNS OF THE TIMES (LONDON;
  1794); JAMES WINTHROP; A SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF SEVERAL SCRIPTURE
  PROPHECIES RELATING TO ANTICHRIST; WITH THEIR APPLICATION TO THE COURSE OF
  HISTORY
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  (BOSTON; 1795); AND LATHROP; THE PROPHECY OF DANIEL RELATING TO THE TIME OF
  THE END (SPRINGFIELD; MASSACHUSETTS; 1811)。
  FOR THE CHURCH DURING THE REVOLUTION SEE W。 M。 SLOAN; THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
  AND RELIGIOUS REFORM (1901); P。 F。 LA GORCE; HISTOIRE RELIGIEUSE DE LA
  REVOLUTION (PARIS; 1909)。
  ON RELATIONS WITH THE PAPACY SEE G。 BOURGIN; LA FRANCE ET ROME DE
  1788…1797 (PARIS; 1808); BASED ON SECRET FILES IN THE VATICAN; A。
  LATREILLE; L' EGLISE CATHOLIQUE ET LA REVOLUTION (PARIS; 1950); ESPECIALLY
  INTERESTING ON PIUS VI AND THE RELIGIOUS CRISIS; 1775…1799。
  FOR PROTESTANTS DURING THE REVOLUTION; SEE PRESSENSE (ED。); THE REIGN OF
  TERROR (CINCINNATI; 1869)。
  PAGE 280。 THE MASSES AND THE PRIVILEGED CLASSES。ON SOCIAL CONDITIONS
  PREVAILING IN FRANCE PRIOR TO THE PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION; SEE H。 VON
  HOLST; LOWELL LECTURES ON THE FRENCH REVOLUTION; LECTURE 1; ALSO TAINE;
  ANCIEN REGIME; AND A。 YOUNG; TRAVELS IN FRANCE。
  PAGE 283。 RETRIBUTION。FOR FURTHER DETAILS CONCERNING THE RETRIBUTIVE
  CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION SEE THOS。 H。 GILL; THE PAPAL DRAMA; B。
  10; EDMOND DE PRESSENSE; THE CHURCH AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION; B。 3; CH。 1。
  PAGE 284。 THE ATROCITIES OF THE REIGN OF TERROR。SEE M。 A。 THIERS; HISTORY
  OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION; VOL。 3; PP。 42…44; 62…74; 106 (NEW YORK; 1890;
  TRANSLATED BY F。 SHOBERL); F。 A。 MIGNET; HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION;
  CH。 9; PAR。 1 (BOHN; 1894); A。 ALISON; HISTORY OF EUROPE; 1789…1815; VOL。 1;
  CH。 14 (NEW YORK; 1872; VOL。 1; PP。 293…312)。
  PAGE 287。 THE CIRCULATION OF THE SCRIPTURES。IN 1804; ACCORDING TO MR。
  WILLIAM CANTON OF THE BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY; 〃ALL THE BIBLES
  EXTANT IN THE WORLD; IN MANUSCRIPT OR IN PRINT; COUNTING EVERY VERSION IN
  EVERY LAND; WERE COMPUTED AT NOT MANY MORE THAN FOUR MILLIONS。 。 。 。 THE
  VARIOUS LANGUAGES IN WHICH THOSE FOUR MILLIONS WERE WRITTEN; INCLUDING SUCH
  BYGONE SPEECH AS THE MOESO…GOTHIC OF ULFILAS AND THE ANGLO…SAXON OF BEDE;
  ARE SET DOWN AS NUMBERING ABOUT FIFTY。〃WHAT IS THE BIBLE SOCIETY? REV。
  ED。; 1904; P。 23。
  THE AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY REPORTED A DISTRIBUTION FROM 1816 THROUGH
  1955 OF 481;149;365 BIBLES; TESTAMENTS; AND PORTIONS OF TESTAMENTS。 TO THIS
  MAY BE ADDED OVER 600;000;000 BIBLES OR SCRIPTURE PORTIONS DISTRIBUTED BY
  THE BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY。 DURING THE YEAR 1955 ALONE THE
  AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY DISTRIBUTED A GRAND TOTAL OF 23;819;733 BIBLES;
  TESTAMENTS; AND PORTIONS OF TESTAMENTS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD。
  THE SCRIPTURES; IN WHOLE OR IN PART; HAVE BEEN PRINTED; AS OF DECEMBER;
  1955; I