第 7 节
作者:津夏      更新:2021-02-21 13:30      字数:9322
  they know all that well enough; and need no more instruction。 For just
  that is the sin which has been hitherto reckoned among mortal sins; and
  is called _achedia_; i。e。; torpor or satiety; a malignant; dangerous
  plague with which the devil bewitches and deceives the hearts of many;
  that he may surprise us and secretly withdraw God's Word from us。
  For let me tell you this; even though you know it perfectly and be
  already master in all things; still you are daily in the dominion of
  the devil; who ceases neither day nor night to steal unawares upon you;
  to kindle in your heart unbelief and wicked thoughts against the
  foregoing and all the commandments。 Therefore you must always have
  God's Word in your heart; upon your lips; and in your ears。 But where
  the heart is idle; and the Word does not sound; he breaks in and has
  done the damage before we are aware。 On the other hand; such is the
  efficacy of the Word; whenever it is seriously contemplated heard; and
  used; that it is bound never to be without fruit; but always awakens
  new understanding; pleasure; and devoutness; and produces a pure heart
  and pure thoughts。 For these words are not inoperative or dead; but
  creative; living words。 And even though no other interest or necessity
  impel us; yet this ought to urge every one thereunto; because thereby
  the devil is put to flight and driven away; and; besides; this
  commandment is fulfilled; and 'this exercise in the Word' is more
  pleasing to God than any work of hypocrisy; however brilliant。
  The Fourth Commandment。
  Thus far we have learned the first three commandments; which relate to
  God。 First that with our whole heart we trust in Him; and fear and love
  Him throughout all our life。 Secondly; that we do not misuse His holy
  name in the support of falsehood or any bad work; but employ it to the
  praise of God and the profit and salvation of our neighbor and
  ourselves。 Thirdly; that on holidays and when at rest we diligently
  treat and urge God's Word; so that all our actions and our entire life
  be ordered according to it。 Now follow the other seven; which relate to
  our neighbor among which the first and greatest is:
  Thou shalt honor thy father and thy mother。
  To this estate of fatherhood and motherhood God has given the special
  distinction above all estates that are beneath it that He not simply
  commands us to love our parents; but to honor them。 For with respect to
  brothers; sisters; and our neighbors in general He commands nothing
  higher than that we love them; so that He separates and distinguishes
  father and mother above all other persons upon earth; and places them
  at His side。 For it is a far higher thing to honor than to love one;
  inasmuch as it comprehends not only love; but also modesty; humility;
  and deference as to a majesty there hidden; and requires not only that
  they be addressed kindly and with reverence; but; most of all that both
  in heart and with the body we so act as to show that we esteem them
  very highly; and that; next to God; we regard them as the very highest。
  For one whom we are to honor from the heart we must truly regard as
  high and great。
  We must; therefore impress it upon the young that they should regard
  their parents as in God's stead; and remember that however lowly; poor;
  frail; and queer they may be; nevertheless they are father and mother
  given them by God。 They are not to be deprived of their honor because
  of their conduct or their failings。 Therefore we are not to regard
  their persons; how they may be; but the will of God who has thus
  created and ordained。 In other respects we are; indeed; all alike in
  the eyes of God; but among us there must necessarily be such inequality
  and ordered difference; and therefore God commands it to be observed;
  that you obey me as your father; and that I have the supremacy。
  Learn; therefore; first; what is the honor towards parents required by
  this commandment to wit; that they be held in distinction and esteem
  above all things; as the most precious treasure on earth。 Furthermore;
  that also in our words we observe modesty toward them; do not accost
  them roughly; haughtily; and defiantly; but yield to them and be silent
  even though they go too far。 Thirdly; that we show them such honor also
  by works; that is; with our body and possessions; that we serve them;
  help them; and provide for them when they are old; sick; infirm; or
  poor; and all that not only gladly; but with humility and reverence; as
  doing it before God。 For he who knows how to regard them in his heart
  will not allow them to suffer want or hunger; but will place them above
  him and at his side; and will share with them whatever he has and
  possesses。
  Secondly; notice how great; good; and holy a work is here assigned
  children; which is alas! utterly neglected and disregarded; and no one
  perceives that God has commanded it or that it is a holy; divine Word
  and doctrine。 For if it had been regarded as such; every one could have
  inferred that they must be holy men who live according to these words。
  Thus there would have been no need of inventing monasticism nor
  spiritual orders; but every child would have abided by this
  commandment; and could have directed his conscience to God and said:
  〃If I am to do good and holy works; I know of none better than to
  render all honor and obedience to my parents; because God has Himself
  commanded it。 For what God commands must be much and far nobler than
  everything that we may devise ourselves; and since there is no higher
  or better teacher to be found than God; there can be no better
  doctrine; indeed; than He gives forth。 Now; He teaches fully what we
  should do if we wish to perform truly good works; and by commanding
  them; He shows that they please Him。 If; then; it is God who commands
  this; and who knows not how to appoint anything better; I will never
  improve upon it。〃
  Behold; in this manner we would have had a godly child properly
  taught; reared in true blessedness; and kept at home in obedience to
  his parents and in their service; so that men should have had blessing
  and joy from the spectacle。 However; God's commandment was not
  permitted to be thus 'with such care and diligence' commended; but had
  to be neglected and trampled under foot; so that a child could not lay
  it to heart; and meanwhile gaped 'like a panting wolf' at the devices
  which we set up; without once 'consulting or' giving reverence to God。
  Let us; therefore; learn at last; for God's sake; that; placing all
  other things out of sight; our youths look first to this commandment;
  if they wish to serve God with truly good works; that they do what is
  pleasing to their fathers and mothers; or to those to whom they may be
  subject in their stead。 For every child that knows and does this has;
  in the first place; this great consolation in his heart that he can
  joyfully say and boast (in spite of and against all who are occupied
  with works of their own choice): 〃Behold; this work is well pleasing to
  my God in heaven that I know for certain。〃 Let them all come together
  with their many great; distressing; and difficult works and make their
  boast; we will see whether they can show one that is greater and
  nobler than obedience to father and mother; to whom God has appointed
  and commanded obedience next to His own majesty; so that if God's Word
  and will are in force and being accomplished nothing shall be esteemed
  higher than the will and word of parents; yet so that it; too; is
  subordinated to obedience toward God and is not opposed to the
  preceding commandments。
  Therefore you should be heartily glad and thank God that He has chosen
  you and made you worthy to do a work so precious and pleasing to Him。
  Only see that; although it be regarded as the most humble and despised
  you esteem it great and precious; not on account of our worthiness; but
  because it is comprehended in; and controlled by; the jewel and
  sanctuary; namely; the Word and commandment of God。 Oh; what a high
  price would all; Carthusians; monks; and nuns pay; if in all their
  religious doings they could bring into God's presence a single work
  done by virtue of His commandment; and be able before His face to say
  with joyful heart: 〃Now I know that this work is well pleasing to
  Thee。〃 Where will these poor wretched persons hide when in the sight of
  God and all the world they shall blush with shame before a young child
  who has lived according to this commandment; and shall have to confess
  that with their whole life they are not worthy to give it a drink of
  water? And it serves them right for their devilish perversion in
  treading God's commandment under foot that they must vainly torment
  themselves with works of their own device; and; in addition; have scorn
  and loss for their reward。
  Should not the heart; then; leap and melt for joy when going to work
  and doing what is commanded; saying: Lo; this is better than all
  holiness of the Carthusians; even though they kill themselves fasting
  and praying upon their knees without ceasing? For here you have a sure
  text and a divine testimony that He has enjoined this; but concerning
  the other He did not command a word。 But this is the plight and
  miserable blindness of th