a　supply　of　cattle；　as　my　stock　had　dwindled　to　a　small　herd　of　milch
  cows；　and　the　people　at　Fabbe　had　no　meat　except　the　flesh　of　any　game
  that　might　be　killed。
  A　short　time　after　the　departure　of　Wat…el…Mek　and　his　party　for
  Gondokoro；　Suleiman　the　vakeel　arrived　from　Fabbo　with　the　intelligence
  that　a　large　body　of　Abou　Saood's　slave…hunters；　including　3；000
  Makkarika　cannibals；　had　arrived　on　the　Nile　from　the　far　west；　with　the
  intention　of　taking　the　ivory　from　Fabbo！
  It　appeared　that　Abou　Saood　had　gone　from　Gondokoro　to　his　station　at
  the　Bohr；　upon　the　White　Nile；　from　thence　he　had　sent　a　party　with　a
  letter　to　Atroosh；　the　vakeel　of　the　Makkarika　station；　about　200　miles
  distant；　with　orders　that　he　should　send　a　powerful　force；　with
  sufficient　carriers；　to　take　the　ivory　by　violence　from　Fabbo。
  Abou　Saood　had　not　expected　that　the　people　whom　he　had　left　at　that
  station　would　have　enlisted　under　the　government　standard。　Thus　he
  imagined　they　would　at　once　fraternize　with　the　invading　force。
  The　natives　of　the　country　were　thoroughly　alarmed；　as　the　cannibals
  were　eating　the　children　of　the　Koshi　country　on　the　west　bank　of　the
  Nile；　in　about　3　degrees　latitude；　and　should　they　cross　the　river；　the
  Madis　and　Shoolis　expected　the　same　fate。
  I　ordered　Suleiman　（who　had　received　a　letter　from　Atroosh）　to　take　a
  letter　from　me　to　Ali　Emmeen；　the　vakeel　of　the　invading　force；
  instructing　him　to　present　himself　before　me　at　Fatiko　instantly　with　an
  escort　of　his　own　people；　limited　to　twenty…five　men。　At　the　same　time　I
  gave　instructions　to　the　natives　upon　no　account　to　furnish　boats　for　a
  larger　party。
  After　some　days'　absence　Suleiman　returned；　but　without　Ali　Emmeen；　who
  was　afraid　to　appear。　This　vakeel　had　received　my　verbal　assurance　from
  Suleiman　that；　should　any　persons　attempt　the　passage　of　the　river
  without　my　permission；　they　would　be　instantly　shot；　at　the　same　time；
  if　he　wished　to　convey　the　ivory　to　Gondokoro　by　the　usual　route；　he
  could　do　so　with　an　escort　of　regulars。
  This　was　an　awkward　position　for　Ali　Emmeen；　who　had　expected　to　find
  allies　at　Fabbo；　but　who　now　found　a　faithful　corps　of　irregulars　with
  Suleiman　at　their　head　acting　under　my　orders。
  He　accordingly　took　100　men　and　returned　about　180　miles　to　the　camp　of
  Atroosh　for　fresh　instructions。　The　3；000　Makkarika　cannibals　were　left
  with　the　remainder　of　his　company　on　the　west　bank　of　the　Nile　to　feed
  upon　the　natives　of　Koshi　until　his　return。
  Every　day　people　arrived　at　Fatiko　with　horrible　reports　of　the
  cannibals；　who　were　devouring　the　children　in　the　Koshi　district。　Spies
  went　across　the　river　and　brought　me　every　intelligence。　It　appeared
  that　the　3；000　Makkarikas　had　been　engaged　by　Ali　Emmeen　under　the
  pretence　that　they　were　〃to　go　to　Fatiko　and　fight　a　chief　called　'the
  Pacha；'　who　had　enormous　flocks　and　herds；　together　with　thousands　of
  beautiful　women　and　other　alluring　spoil；〃　but　they　had　not　heard　that
  they　were　to　carry　3；000　elephants'　tusks　to　the　station　of　Atroosh。
  My　spies　now　told　them　the　truth。　　〃Fight　the　Pacha！〃　they　exclaimed：
  〃do　you　not　know　who　he　is？　and　that　he　could　kill　you　all　like　fowls；
  as　he　did　the　people　of　Ali　Hussein？　He　has　no　cows　for　you　to　carry
  off；　but　he　has　guns　that　are　magic；　and　which　load　from　behind　instead
  of　at　the　muzzle！〃
  This　was　a　terrible　disappointment　to　the　deluded　Makkarikas；　which　at
  once　spread　dissension　among　them；　when　they　found　that　they　had　been
  cajoled　in　order　to　transport　the　heavy　loads　of　ivory。
  A　providential　visitation　suddenly　fell　upon　them。　　The　small…pox　broke
  out　and　killed　upwards　of　800　bloodthirsty　cannibals　who　had　been
  devouring　the　country。
  The　Nile　was　reported　to　be　about　six　miles　in　width　opposite　their
  station；　in　about　3　degrees　latitude；　which　is　only　a　few　miles　from　the
  Albert　N'yanza。　This　visitation　of　small…pox　created　a　panic　which
  entirely　broke　up　and　dispersed　the　invading　force；　and　defeated　their
  plans。
  We　were　now　in　frequent　communication　with　Rionga；　who　was　always
  represented　in　my　Fatiko　camp　by　the　presence　of　one　of　his　sheiks　and
  several　men。
  Ali　Genninar　had　made　a　combined　attack　upon　Kabba　Rega；　together　with
  Rionga　and　the　Langgo　tribe；　and　had　utterly　defeated　him。　His　people
  were　now　deserting　him　in　great　numbers；　and　were　flocking　to　the
  winning　side。　Kabba　Rega　had　taken　to　flight；　and　was　supposed　to　be
  hiding　in　the　neighbourhood　of　Chibero；　on　the　borders　of　the　Albert
  N'yanza。
  M'tese；　the　king　of　Uganda；　had　invaded　Unyoro　from　the　south；　and
  having　heard　of　Kabba　Rega's　treachery　towards　myself；　he　had　sent　an
  army　of　6；000　men　under　his　general；　Congow；　to　be　placed　at　my
  disposal。
  This　friendship　was　the　result　of　my　diplomacy　in　having　sent　him
  valuable　presents　from　Masindi；　together　with　a　letter　warning　him
  against　Kabba　Rega；　who　wished　to　prevent　the　goods　of　the　north　from
  reaching　Uganda；　in　order　that　he　might　monopolize　the　trade　in　Unyoro。
  The　subsequent　conduct　of　Kabba　Rega　had　proved　this　accusation；　and
  M'tese　had　heard　with　rage　and　dismay　that　I　had　been　forced　to　burn　all
  the　numerous　goods；　which　otherwise　would　have　passed　to　him　in　Uganda。
  On　the　25th　December　the　fort　of　Fatiko　was　completed。　This　was
  commenced　on　the　28th　August；　thus　my　men　had　been　four　months　engaged
  in　the　work；　owing　to　the　extreme　hardness　of　the　subsoil；　which　was　a
  compact　gravel　resembling　concrete。
  The　three　faces　of　the　fort　measured　455　yards　of　fosse　and　earthen
  rampart。　The　fosse　was　eight　feet　wide；　eight　feet　deep；　and　the　face　of
  the　rampart　was　protected　by　chevaux…de…frise　of　sharpened　stakes。　The
  west　base　of　the　fort　was　the　rock　citadel；　which　commanded　the
  surrounding　country。　Upon　this　solid　foundation　I　had　built　an　excellent
  powder…magazine　and　store；　of　solid　masonry。　This　fire…proof　building
  was　roofed　with　a　thick　cement　of　clay　from　the　white…ant　hills；　that
  had　been　tempered　for　some　weeks　and　mixed　with　chopped　straw。
  All　my　work　was　completed；　and　I　could　do　nothing　until　the
  reinforcements　should　arrive　from　Gondokoro。　The　natives　paid　their
  trifling　corn…tax　with　great　good　humour；　and　they　generally　arrived　in
  crowds　of　several　hundreds；　singing　and　dancing；　with　large　baskets　of
  tullaboon　upon　their　heads；　with　which　they　filled　our　rows　of
  granaries。
  The　grass　was　fit　to　burn；　and　the　bunting　season　had　fairly　commenced。
  All　the　natives　now　devoted　themselves　to　this　important　pursuit。　The
  chase　supplies　the　great　tribe　of　Shooli　with　clothing。　Although　the
  women　are　perfectly　naked；　every　man　wears　the　skin　of　an　antelope　slung
  across　his　shoulders；　so　arranged　as　to　be　tolerably　decent。　The　number
  of　animals　that　are　annually　destroyed　may　be　imagined　from　the　amount
  of　the　skin…clad　population。
  Although　the　wilderness　between　Unyoro　and　Fatiko　is　uninhabited；　in
  like　manner　with　extensive　tracts　between　Fabbo　and　Fatiko；　every
  portion　of　that　apparently　abandoned　country　is　nominally　possessed　by
  individual　proprietors；　who　claim　a　right　of　game　by　inheritance。
  This　strictly　conservative　principle　has　existed　from　time　immemorial；
  and　may　perhaps　suggest　to　those　ultra…radicals　who　would　introduce
  communistic　principles　into　England；　that　the　supposed　original　equality
  of　human　beings　is　a　false　datum　for　their　problem。　There　is　no　such
  thing　as　equality　among　human　beings　in　their　primitive　state；　any　more
  than　there　is　equality　among　the　waves　of　the　sea；　although　they　may
  start　from　the　same　level　of　the　calm。
  In　a　state　of　savagedom；　the　same　rules　of　superiority　which　advance
  certain　individuals　above　the　general　level　in　civilized　societies　will
  be　found　to　exert　a　natural　influence。　Those　who　become　eminent　will　be
  acknowledged　by　their　inferiors。　The　man　who　is　clever　and　wise　in
  council　will　be　listened　to：　the　warrior　who　leads　with　courage　and
  judgment　will　be　followed　in　the　battle；　the　hunter　who　excels　in
  tracking　up　the　game　will　be　sent　to　the　front　when　the　party　are　on　the
  blood…track。　In　this　way　superiority　will　be　generally　admitted。
  Superiority　of　intellect　will　naturally　tend　to　material　advancement。
  The　man　of　sense　will　gather　more　than　the　fool。　That　which　he　gathers
  becomes　property；　which　must　be　acknowledged　by　society　as　an　individual
  right　that　must　be　protected　by　laws。
  In　tribes　where　government　is　weak；　there　is　a　difficulty　in　enforcing
  laws；　as　the　penalty　exacted　may　be　resisted；　but　even　amidst　those　wild
  tribes　there　is　a　force　that　exerts　a　certain　moral　influence　among　the
  savage　as　among　the　civilized：　that　force　is　public　opinion。
  Thus；　a　breach　of　the　game…laws　would　be　regarded　by　the　public　as　a
  disgrace　to　the　guilty　individual；　precisely　as　an　act　of　poaching　would
  damage　the　character　of　a　civilized　person。
  The　rights　of　game　are　among　the　first　rudiments　of　property。　Man　in　a
  primitive　state　is　a　hunter；　depending　for　his　clothing　upon　the　skins
  of　wild　animals；　and　upon　their　flesh　for　his　subsistence；　therefore　the
  beast　that　he　kills　upon　the　desert　must　be　his　property；　and　in　a
  public　hunt；　should　he　be　the　first　to　wound　a　wild　animal；　he