第 12 节
作者:
疯狂热线 更新:2021-02-20 18:03 字数:5668
impossible; is by a temerarious presumption to pretend to know the utmost
bounds of possibility。 Did we rightly understand the difference betwixt
the impossible and the unusual; and betwixt that which is contrary to the
order and course of nature and contrary to the common opinion of men; in
not believing rashly; and on the other hand; in not being too
incredulous; we should observe the rule of 'Ne quid nimis' enjoined by
Chilo。
When we find in Froissart; that the Comte de Foix knew in Bearn the
defeat of John; king of Castile; at Jubera the next day after it
happened; and the means by which he tells us he came to do so; we may be
allowed to be a little merry at it; as also at what our annals report;
that Pope Honorius; the same day that King Philip Augustus died at
Mantes; performed his public obsequies at Rome; and commanded the like
throughout Italy; the testimony of these authors not being; perhaps; of
authority enough to restrain us。 But what if Plutarch; besides several
examples that he produces out of antiquity; tells us; he knows of certain
knowledge; that in the time of Domitian; the news of the battle lost by
Antony in Germany was published at Rome; many days' journey from thence;
and dispersed throughout the whole world; the same day it was fought;
and if Caesar was of opinion; that it has often happened; that the report
has preceded the incident; shall we not say; that these simple people
have suffered themselves to be deceived with the vulgar; for not having
been so clear…sighted as we? Is there anything more delicate; more
clear; more sprightly; than Pliny's judgment; when he is pleased to set
it to work? Anything more remote from vanity? Setting aside his
learning; of which I make less account; in which of these excellences do
any of us excel him? And yet there is scarce a young schoolboy that does
not convict him of untruth; and that pretends not to instruct him in the
progress of the works of nature。 When we read in Bouchet the miracles of
St。 Hilary's relics; away with them: his authority is not sufficient to
deprive us of the liberty of contradicting him; but generally and offhand
to condemn all suchlike stories; seems to me a singular impudence。 That
great St。 Augustin' testifies to have seen a blind child recover sight
upon the relics of St。 Gervasius and St。 Protasius at Milan; a woman at
Carthage cured of a cancer; by the sign of the cross made upon her by a
woman newly baptized; Hesperius; a familiar friend of his; to have driven
away the spirits that haunted his house; with a little earth of the
sepulchre of our Lord; which earth; being also transported thence into
the church; a paralytic to have there been suddenly cured by it; a woman
in a procession; having touched St。 Stephen's shrine with a nosegay; and
rubbing her eyes with it; to have recovered her sight; lost many years
before; with several other miracles of which he professes himself to have
been an eyewitness: of what shall we excuse him and the two holy bishops;
Aurelius and Maximinus; both of whom he attests to the truth of these
things? Shall it be of ignorance; simplicity; and facility; or of malice
and imposture? Is any man now living so impudent as to think himself
comparable to them in virtue; piety; learning; judgment; or any kind of
perfection?
〃Qui; ut rationem nullam afferrent;
ipsa auctoritate me frangerent。〃
'〃Who; though they should adduce no reason; would convince me with
their authority alone。〃Cicero; Tusc。 Quaes; i。 21。'
'Tis a presumption of great danger and consequence; besides the absurd
temerity it draws after it; to contemn what we do not comprehend。 For
after; according to your fine understanding; you have established the
limits of truth and error; and that; afterwards; there appears a
necessity upon you of believing stranger things than those you have
contradicted; you are already obliged to quit your limits。 Now; that
which seems to me so much to disorder our consciences in the commotions
we are now in concerning religion; is the Catholics dispensing so much
with their belief。 They fancy they appear moderate; and wise; when they
grant to their opponents some of the articles in question; but; besides
that they do not discern what advantage it is to those with whom we
contend; to begin to give ground and to retire; and how much this
animates our enemy to follow his blow: these articles which they select
as things indifferent; are sometimes of very great importance。 We are
either wholly and absolutely to submit ourselves to the authority of our
ecclesiastical polity; or totally throw off all obedience to it: 'tis not
for us to determine what and how much obedience we owe to it。 And this I
can say; as having myself made trial of it; that having formerly taken
the liberty of my own swing and fancy; and omitted or neglected certain
rules of the discipline of our Church; which seemed to me vain and
strange coming afterwards to discourse of it with learned men; I have
found those same things to be built upon very good and solid ground and
strong foundation; and that nothing but stupidity and ignorance makes us
receive them with less reverence than the rest。 Why do we not consider
what contradictions we find in our own judgments; how many things were
yesterday articles of our faith; that to…day appear no other than fables?
Glory and curiosity are the scourges of the soul; the last prompts us to
thrust our noses into everything; the other forbids us to leave anything
doubtful and undecided。
End