第 2 节
作者:当当当当      更新:2021-02-20 17:03      字数:9322
  (Verulam)。   13。   Cair   caratauc   (Catterick)。   14。   Cair   ceri   (Cirencester)。   15。
  Cair     glout    (Gloucester)。      16。   Cair    luillid   (Carlisle)。    17。   Cair    grant
  (Grantchester; now Cambridge)。 18。 Cair daun (Doncaster); or Cair dauri
  (Dorchester)。   19。   Cair   britoc   (Bristol)。   20。   Cair   meguaid   (Meivod)。   21。
  Cair   mauiguid   (Manchester)。   22。   Cair   ligion   (Chester)。   23。   Cair   guent
  (Winchester; or Caerwent; in Monmouthshire)。 24。 Cair collon (Colchester;
  or   St。   Colon;   Cornwall)。   25。   Cair   londein   (London)。   26。   Cair   guorcon
  (Worren; or Woran; in Pembrokeshire)。 27。 Cair lerion (Leicester)。 28。 Cair
  draithou      (Drayton)。     29。   Cair   pensavelcoit      (Pevensey;      in  Sussex)。     30。
  Cairtelm      (Teyn…Grace;       in  Devonshire)。      31。   Cair   Urnahc     (Wroxeter;     in
  Shropshire)。 32。 Cair colemion (Camelet; in Somersetshire)。 33。 Cair loit
  coit (Lincoln)。 '1' V。R。 Twenty…eight; twenty…one。 '2' Site unknown。
  These are the names of the ancient cities of the island of Britain。 it has
  also a vast many promontories; and castles innumerable; built of brick and
  stone。 Its inhabitants consist of four different people; the Scots; the Picts;
  the Saxons and the ancient Britons。
  8。 Three considerable islands belong to it; one; on the south; opposite
  the Armorican shore; called Wight;* another between Ireland and Britain;
  called    Eubonia      or  Man;    and   another     directly   north;   beyond     the   Picts;
  named   Orkney;   and   hence   it   was   anciently   a   proverbial   expression;   in
  reference   to   its   kings   and   rulers;   〃He   reigned   over   Britain   and   its   three
  islands。〃 * Inis…gueith; or Gueith。
  6。 It is fertilized by several rivers; which traverse it in all directions; to
  the east and west; to the south and north; but there are two pre…eminently
  distinguished among the rest; the Thames and the Severn; which formerly;
  like the two arms of Britain; bore the ships employed in the conveyance of
  riches acquired by commerce。 The Britons were once very populous; and
  exercised extensive dominion from sea to sea。
  10。*     Respecting       the   period    when     this   island    became      inhabited
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  subsequently to the flood; I have seen two distinct relations。 According to
  the annals of the Roman history; the Britons deduce their origin both from
  the   Greeks   and   Romans。   On   the   side   of   the   mother;   from   Lavinia;   the
  daughter of Latinus; king of Italy; and of the race of Silvanus; the son of
  Inachus;   the   son   of   Dardanus;   who   was   the   son   of   Saturn;   king   of   the
  Greeks; and who; having possessed himself of a part of Asia; built the city
  of Troy。 Dardanus was the father of Troius; who was the father of Priam
  and Anchises; Anchises was the father of Aeneas; who was the father of
  Ascanius and Silvius; and this Silvius was the son of Aeneas and Lavinia;
  the   daughter   of   the   king   of   Italy。   From   the   sons   of Aeneas   and   Lavinia
  descended   Romulus   and   Remus;   who   were   the   sons   of   the   holy   queen
  Rhea; and the founders of Rome。 Brutus was consul when he conquered
  Spain;   and     reduced     that  country   to   a   Roman      province。    He   afterwards
  subdued the island of Britain; whose inhabitants were the descendants of
  the Romans; from Silvius Posthumus。 He was called Posthumus because
  he was born after the death of Aeneas his father; and his mother Lavinia
  concealed herself during her pregnancy; he was called Silvius; because he
  was born in a wood。 Hence the Roman kings were called Silvan; and the
  Britons from Brutus; and rose from the family of Brutus。 * The whole of
  this; as far as the end of the paragraph; is omitted in several MSS。
  Aeneas; after the Trojan war; arrived with his son in Italy; and Having
  vanquished   Turnus;   married   Lavinia;   the   daughter   of   king   Latinus;   who
  was the son of Faunus; the son of Picus; the son of Saturn。 After the death
  of   Latinus;   Aeneas   obtained   the   kingdom   Of   the   Romans;   and   Lavinia
  brought forth a son; who was named Silvius。 Ascanius founded Alba; and
  afterwards married。 And Lavinia bore to Aeneas a son; named Silvius; but
  Ascanius   '1'   married   a   wife;   who   conceived   and   became   pregnant。 And
  Aeneas;      having    been    informed     that   his  daughter…in…law       was    pregnant;
  ordered   his   son   to   send   his   magician   to   examine   his   wife;   whether   the
  child conceived were male or female。 The magician came and examined
  the   wife   and   pronounced   it   to   be   a   son;   who   should   become   the   most
  valiant    among      the   Italians;   and   the   most   beloved     of   all  men。    '2'  In
  consequence of this prediction; the magician was put to death by Ascanius;
  but   it   happened   that   the   mother   of   the   child   dying   at   its   birth;   he   was
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  named Brutus; ad after a certain interval; agreeably to what the magician
  had   foretold;   whilst   he   was   playing   with   some   others   he   shot   his   father
  with an arrow; not intentionally but by accident。 '3' He was; for this cause;
  expelled from Italy; and came to the islands of the Tyrrhene sea; when he
  was exiled on   account of the death of Turnus;  slain by Aeneas。  He   then
  went among the Gauls; and built the city of the Turones; called Turnis。 '4'
  At length he came to this island named from him Britannia; dwelt there;
  and filled it with his own descendants; and it has been inhabited from that
  time to the present period。 '1' Other MSS。 Silvius。 '2' V。R。 Who should
  slay   his   father   and   mother;   and   be   hated   by   all   mankind。   '3'   V。R。   He
  displayed   such   superiority   among   his   play…fellows;   that   they   seemed   to
  consider him as their chief。 '4' Tours。
  11。 Aeneas reigned over the   Latins three years; Ascanius thirty  three
  years; after whom Silvius reigned twelve years; and Posthumus thirty…nine
  *   years:   the   latter;   from   whom   the   kings   of Alba   are   called   Silvan;   was
  brother   to   Brutus;   who   governed   Britain   at   the   time   Eli   the   high…priest
  judged   Israel;  and   when the   ark   of   the   covenant   was   taken   by  a   foreign
  people。     But    Posthumus       his  brother    reigned     among     the   Latins。    *  V。R。
  Thirty…seven。
  12。 After   an   interval   of   not   less   than   eight   hundred   years;   came   the
  Picts;   and   occupied   the   Orkney   Islands:   whence   they   laid   waste   many
  regions; and seized those on the left hand side of Britain; where they still
  remain; keeping possession of a third part of Britain to this day。 * * See
  Bede's Eccles。 Hist。
  13。 Long after this; the Scots arrived in Ireland from Spain。 The first
  that   came   was   Partholomus;'1'   with   a   thousand   men   and   women;   these
  increased to four thousand; but a mortality coming suddenly upon them;
  they all perished in one week。 The second was Nimech; the son of。。。;'2'
  who; according to report; after having been at sea a year and a half; and
  having   his   ships   shat…   tered;   arrived   at   a   port   in   Ireland;   and   continuing
  there  several   years;  returned   at   length   with   his   followers   to   Spain。 After
  these came three sons of a Spanish soldier with thirty ships; each of which
  contained thirty wives;   and having   remained there   during the space of   a
  year; there appeared to them; in the middle of the sea; a tower of glass; the
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  summit   of   which seemed   covered   with   men;  to   whom  they  often   spoke;
  but received no answer。 At length they determined to besiege the   tower;
  and after a year's preparation; advanced towards it; with the whole number
  of their ships; and all the women; one ship only excepted; which had been
  wrecked; and in which were thirty men; and as many women; but when all
  had    disem…   barked     on   the  shore   which    surrounded   the     tower;   the   sea
  opened   and   swallowed   them   up。   Ireland;   however;   was   peopled;   to   the
  present     period;   from    the   family    remaining     in  the   vessel   which     was
  wrecked。 Afterwards; other came from Spain; and possessed themselves of
  various parts of Britain。 '1' V。R。 Partholomaeus; or Bartholomaeus。 '2' A
  blank is here in the MS。 Agnom