第 29 节
作者:
美丽心点 更新:2021-02-20 16:51 字数:9322
The sum then of all; whatsoever doth happen unto thee; whereof God is the cause; to accept it contentedly: whatsoever thou doest; whereof thou thyself art the cause; to do it justly: which will be; if both in thy resolution and in thy action thou have no further end; than to do good unto others; as being that; which by thy natural constitution; as a man; thou art bound unto。
XXX。 Many of those things that trouble and straiten thee; it is in thy power to cut off; as wholly depending from mere conceit and opinion; and then thou shalt have room enough。
XXXI。 To comprehend the whole world together in thy mind; and the whole course of this present age to represent it unto thyself; and to fix thy thoughts upon the sudden change of every particular object。 How short the time is from the generation of anything; unto the dissolution of the same; but how immense and infinite both that which was before the generation; and that which after the generation of it shall be。 All things that thou seest; will soon be perished; and they that see their corruptions; will soon vanish away themselves。 He that dieth a hundred years old; and he that dieth young; shall come all to one。
XXXII。 What are their minds and understandings; and what the things that they apply themselves unto: what do they love; and what do they hate for? Fancy to thyself the estate of their souls openly to be seen。 When they think they hurt them shrewdly; whom they speak ill of; and when they think they do them a very good turn; whom they commend and extol: O how full are they then of conceit; and opinion!
XXXIII。 Loss and corruption; is in very deed nothing else but change and alteration; and that is it; which the nature of the universe doth most delight in; by which; and according to which; whatsoever is done; is well done。 For that was the estate of worldly things from the beginning; and so shall it ever be。 Or wouldest。 thou rather say; that all things in the world have gone ill from the beginning for so many ages; and shall ever go ill? And then among so many deities; could no divine power be found all this while; that could rectify the things of the world? Or is the world; to incessant woes and miseries; for ever condemned?
XXXIV。 How base and putrid; every common matter is! Water; dust; and from the mixture of these bones; and all that loathsome stuff that our bodies do consist of: so subject to be infected; and corrupted。 And again those other things that are so much prized and admired; as marble stones; what are they; but as it were the kernels of the earth ? gold and silver; what are they; but as the more gross faeces of the earth? Thy most royal apparel; for matter; it is but as it were the hair of a silly sheep; and for colour; the very blood of a shell…fish; of this nature are all other things。 Thy life itself; is some such thing too; a mere exhalation of blood: and it also; apt to be changed into some other common thing。 XXXV。 Will this querulousness; this murmuring; this complaining and dissembling never be at an end? What then is it; that troubleth thee? Doth any new thing happen unto thee? What doest thou so wonder at? At the cause; or the matter? Behold either by itself; is either of that weight and moment indeed? And besides these; there is not anything。 But thy duty towards the Gods also; it is time thou shouldst acquit thyself of it with more goodness and simplicity。
XXXVI。 It is all one to see these things for a hundred of years together or but for three years。
XXXVII。 If he have sinned; his is the harm; not mine。 But perchance he hath not。
XXXVIII。 Either all things by the providence of reason happen unto every particular; as a part of one general body ; and then it is against reason that a part should complain of anything that happens for the good of the whole; or if; according to Epicurus; atoms be the cause of all things and that life be nothing else but an accidentary confusion of things; and death nothing else; but a mere dispersion and so of all other things: what doest thou trouble thyself for?
XXXIX。 Sayest thou unto that rational part; Thou art dead; corruption hath taken hold on thee? Doth it then also void excrements? Doth it like either oxen; or sheep; graze or feed; that it also should be mortal; as well as the body?
XL。 Either the Gods can do nothing for us at all; or they can still and allay all the distractions and distempers of thy mind。 If they can do nothing; why doest thou pray? If they can; why wouldst not thou rather pray; that they will grant unto thee; that thou mayst neither fear; nor lust after any of those worldly things which cause these distractions and distempers of it? Why not rather; that thou mayst not at either their absence or presence; be grieved and discontented: than either that thou mayst obtain them; or that thou mayst avoid them? For certainly it must needs be; that if the Gods can help us in anything; they may in this kind also。 But thou wilt say perchance; 'In those things the Gods have given me my liberty: and it is in mine own power to do what I will。' But if thou mayst use this liberty; rather to set thy mind at true liberty; than wilfully with baseness and servility of mind to affect those things; which either to compass or to avoid is not in thy power; wert not thou better? And as for the Gods; who hath told thee; that they may not help us up even in those things that they have put in our own power? whether it be so or no; thou shalt soon perceive; if thou wilt but try thyself and pray。 One prayeth that he may compass his desire; to lie with such or such a one; pray thou that thou mayst not lust to lie with her。 Another how he may be rid of such a one; pray thou that thou mayst so patiently bear with him; as that thou have no such need to be rid of him。 Another; that he may not lose his child。 Pray thou that thou mayst not fear to lose him。 To this end and purpose; let all thy prayer be; and see what will be the event。
XLI。 'In my sickness' (saith Epicurus of himself:) 'my discourses were not concerning the nature of my disease; neither was that; to them that came to visit me; the subject of my talk; but in the consideration and contemplation of that; which was of especial weight and moment; was all my time bestowed and spent; and among others in this very thing; how my mind; by a natural and unavoidable sympathy partaking in some sort with the present indisposition of my body; might nevertheless keep herself free from trouble; and in present possession of her own proper happiness。 Neither did I leave the ordering of my body to the physicians altogether to do with me what they would; as though I expected any great matter from them; or as though I thought it a matter of such great consequence; by their means to recover my health: for my present estate; methought; liked me very well; and gave me good content。' Whether therefore in sickness (if thou chance to sicken) or in what other kind of extremity soever; endeavour thou also to be in thy mind so affected; as he doth report of himself: not to depart from thy philosophy for anything that can befall thee; nor to give ear to the discourses of silly people; and mere naturalists。 XLII。 It is common to all trades and professions to mind and intend that only; which now they are about; and the instrument whereby they work。
XLIII。 When at any time thou art offended with any one's impudency; put presently this question to thyself: 'What? Is it then possible; that there should not be any impudent men in the world! Certainly it is not possible。' Desire not then that which is impossible。 For this one; (thou must think) whosoever he be; is one of those impudent ones; that the world cannot be without。 So of the subtile and crafty; so of the perfidious; so of every one that offendeth; must thou ever be ready to reason with thyself。 For whilst in general thou dost thus reason with thyself; that the kind of them must needs be in the world; thou wilt be the better able to use meekness towards every particular。 This also thou shalt find of very good use; upon every such occasion; presently to consider with thyself; what proper virtue nature hath furnished man with; against such a vice; or to encounter with a disposition vicious in this kind。 As for example; against the unthankful; it hath given goodness and meekness; as an antidote; and so against another vicious in another kind some other peculiar faculty。 And generally; is it not in thy power to instruct him better; that is in an error? For whosoever sinneth; doth in that decline from his purposed end; and is certainly deceived; And again; what art thou the worse for his sin? For thou shalt not find that any one of these; against whom thou art incensed; hath in very deed done anything whereby thy mind (the only true subject of thy hurt and evil) can be made worse than it was。 And what a matter of either grief or wonder is this; if he that is unlearned; do the deeds of one that is unlearned? Should not thou rather blame thyself; who; when upon very good grounds of reason; thou mightst have thought it very probable; that such a thing would by such a one be committed; didst not only not foresee it; but moreover dost wonder at it; that such a thing should be