第 8 节
作者:
美丽心点 更新:2021-02-20 16:50 字数:9322
understanding shall continue so able and sufficient; for either discreet consideration; in matter of businesses; or for contemplation: it being the thing; whereon true knowledge of things both divine and human; doth depend。 For if once he shall begin to dote; his respiration; nutrition; his imaginative; and appetitive; and other natural faculties; may still continue the same: he shall find no want of them。 But how to make that right use of himself that he should; how to observe exactly in all things that which is right and just; how to redress and rectify all wrong; or sudden apprehensions and imaginations; and even of this particular; whether he should live any longer or no; to consider duly; for all such things; wherein the best strength and vigour of the mind is most requisite; his power and ability will be past and gone。 Thou must hasten therefore; not only because thou art every day nearer unto death than other; but also because that intellective faculty in thee; whereby thou art enabled to know the true nature of things; and to order all thy actions by that knowledge; doth daily waste and decay: or; may fail thee before thou die。
II。 This also thou must observe; that whatsoever it is that naturally doth happen to things natural; hath somewhat in itself that is pleasing and delightful: as a great loaf when it is baked; some parts of it cleave as it were; and part asunder; and make the crust of it rugged and unequal; and yet those parts of it; though in some sort it be against the art and intention of baking itself; that they are thus cleft and parted; which should have been and were first made all even and uniform; they become it well nevertheless; and have a certain peculiar property; to stir the appetite。 So figs are accounted fairest and ripest then; when they begin to shrink; and wither as it were。 So ripe olives; when they are next to putrefaction; then are they in their proper beauty。 The hanging down of grapesthe brow of a lion; the froth of a foaming wild boar; and many other like things; though by themselves considered; they are far from any beauty; yet because they happen naturally; they both are comely; and delightful; so that if a man shall with a profound mind and apprehension; consider all things in the world; even among all those things which are but mere accessories and natural appendices as it were; there will scarce appear anything unto him; wherein he will not find matter of pleasure and delight。 So will he behold with as much pleasure the true rictus of wild beasts; as those which by skilful painters and other artificers are imitated。 So will he be able to perceive the proper ripeness and beauty of old age; whether in man or woman: and whatsoever else it is that is beautiful and alluring in whatsoever is; with chaste and continent eyes he will soon find out and discern。 Those and many other things will he discern; not credible unto every one; but unto them only who are truly and familiarly acquainted; both with nature itself; and all natural things。
III。 Hippocrates having cured many sicknesses; fell sick himself and died。 The Chaldeans and Astrologians having foretold the deaths of divers; were afterwards themselves surprised by the fates。 Alexander and Pompeius; and Caius Caesar; having destroyed so many towns; and cut off in the field so many thousands both of horse and foot; yet they themselves at last were fain to part with their own lives。 Heraclitus having written so many natural tracts concerning the last and general conflagration of the world; died afterwards all filled with water within; and all bedaubed with dirt and dung without。 Lice killed Democritus; and Socrates; another sort of vermin; wicked ungodly men。 How then stands the case? Thou hast taken ship; thou hast sailed; thou art come to land; go out; if to another life; there also shalt thou find gods; who are everywhere。 If all life and sense shall cease; then shalt thou cease also to be subject to either pains or pleasures ; and to serve and tend this vile cottage; so much the viler; by how much that which ministers unto it doth excel ; the one being a rational substance; and a spirit; the other nothing but earth and blood。
IV。 Spend not the remnant of thy days in thoughts and fancies concerning other men; when it is not in relation to some common good; when by it thou art hindered from some other better work。 That is; spend not thy time in thinking; what such a man doth; and to what end: what he saith; and what he thinks; and what he is about; and such other things or curiosities; which make a man to rove and wander from the care and observation of that part of himself; which is rational; and overruling。 See therefore in the whole series and connection of thy thoughts; that thou be careful to prevent whatsoever is idle and impertinent: but especially; whatsoever is curious and malicious: and thou must use thyself to think only of such things; of which if a man upon a sudden should ask thee; what it is that thou art now thinking; thou mayest answer This; and That; freely and boldly; that so by thy thoughts it may presently appear that in all thee is sincere; and peaceable; as becometh one that is made for society; and regards not pleasures; nor gives way to any voluptuous imaginations at all: free from all contentiousness; envy; and suspicion; and from whatsoever else thou wouldest blush to confess thy thoughts were set upon。 He that is such; is he surely that doth not put off to lay hold on that which is best indeed; a very priest and minister of the gods; well acquainted and in good correspondence with him especially that is seated and placed within himself; as in a temple and sacrary: to whom also he keeps and preserves himself unspotted by pleasure; undaunted by pain; free from any manner of wrong; or contumely; by himself offered unto himself: not capable of any evil from others: a wrestler of the best sort; and for the highest prize; that he may not be cast down by any passion or affection of his own; deeply dyed and drenched in righteousness; embracing and accepting with his whole heart whatsoever either happeneth or is allotted unto him。 One who not often; nor without some great necessity tending to some public good; mindeth what any other; either speaks; or doth; or purposeth: for those things only that are in his own power; or that are truly his own; are the objects of his employments; and his thoughts are ever taken up with those things; which of the whole universe are by the fates or Providence destinated and appropriated unto himself。 Those things that are his own; and in his own power; he himself takes order; for that they be good: and as for those that happen unto him; he believes them to be so。 For that lot and portion which is assigned to every one; as it is unavoidable and necessary; so is it always profitable。 He remembers besides that whatsoever partakes of reason; is akin unto him; and that to care for all men generally; is agreeing to the nature of a man: but as for honour and praise; that they ought not generally to be admitted and accepted of from all; but from such only; who live according to nature。 As for them that do not; what manner of men they be at home; or abroad; day or night; how conditioned themselves with what manner of conditions; or with men of what conditions they moil and pass away the time together; he knoweth; and remembers right well; he therefore regards not such praise and approbation; as proceeding from them; who cannot like and approve themselves。
V。 Do nothing against thy will; nor contrary to the community; nor without due examination; nor with reluctancy。 Affect not to set out thy thoughts with curious neat language。 Be neither a great talker; nor a great undertaker。 Moreover; let thy God that is in thee to rule over thee; find by thee; that he hath to do with a man; an aged man; a sociable man; a Roman; a prince; one that hath ordered his life; as one that expecteth; as it were; nothing but the sound of the trumpet; sounding a retreat to depart out of this life with all expedition。 One who for his word or actions neither needs an oath; nor any man to be a witness。
VI。 To be cheerful; and to stand in no need; either of other men's help or attendance; or of that rest and tranquillity; which thou must be beholding to others for。 Rather like one that is straight of himself; or hath ever been straight; than one that hath been rectified。 VII。 If thou shalt find anything in this mortal life better than righteousness; than truth; temperance; fortitude; and in general better than a mind contented both with those things which according to right and reason she doth; and in those; which without her will and knowledge happen unto thee by the providence; if I say; thou canst find out anything better than this; apply thyself unto it with thy whole heart; and that which is best wheresoever thou dost find it; enjoy freely。 But if nothing thou shalt find worthy to be preferred to that spirit which is within thee; if nothing better than to subject unto thee thine own lusts and desires; and not to give way to any fancies or imaginations before thou hast duly considered of them; nothing better than to withdraw thyself (to use Socrates his words) from all sensuality; and submit