influence　that　was　unpropitiated。　　Latterly　it　had　become　quite　the
  thing；　when　a　patient　died；　for　the　doctor　to　flee　to　our　campit
  was　so　convenient　and　so　much　safer　than　elsewhereand　my　cellar　was
  a　favorite　place　of　refuge　from　the　infuriated　friends　of　the
  deceased。
  Among　the　most　notable　of　these　doctors　was　an　Indian　named　Sam
  Patch；　who　several　times　sought　asylum　in　any　cellar；　and　being　a
  most　profound　diplomat；　managed　on　each　occasion　and　with　little
  delay　to　negotiate　a　peaceful　settlement　and　go　forth　in　safety　to
  resume　the　practice　of　his　nefarious　profession。　　I　often　hoped　he
  would　be　caught　before　reaching　the　post；　but　he　seemed　to　know
  intuitively　when　the　time　had　come　to　take　leg…bail；　for　his　advent
  at　the　garrison　generally　preceded　by　but　a　few　hours　the　death　of
  some　poor　dupe。
  Finally　these　peculiar　customs　brought　about　the　punishment　of　a
  noted　doctress　of　the　Rogue　River　tribe；　a　woman　who　was　constantly
  working　in　this　professional　way；　and　who　had　found　a　victim　of　such
  prominence　among　the　Rogue　Rivers　that　his　unlooked　for　death　brought
  down　on　her　the　wrath　of　all。　　She　had　made　him　so　ill；　they
  believed；　as　to　bring　him　to　death's　door　notwithstanding　the　many
  ponies　that　had　been　given　her　to　cease　the　incantations；　and　it　was
  the　conviction　of　all　that　she　had　finally　caused　the　man's　death
  from　some　ulterior　and　indiscernible　motive。　　His　relatives　and
  friends　then　immediately　set　about　requiting　her　with　the　just
  penalties　of　a　perfidious　breach　of　contract。　　Their　threats　induced
  her　instant　flight　toward　my　house　for　the　usual　protection；　but　the
  enraged　friends　of　the　dead　man　gave　hot　chase；　and　overtook　the
  witch　just　inside　the　limits　of　the　garrison；　where；　on　the　parade…
  ground；　in　sight　of　the　officers'　quarters；　and　before　any　one　could
  interfere；　they　killed　her。　　There　were　sixteen　men　in　pursuit　of　the
  doctress；　and　sixteen　gun…shot　wounds　were　found　in　her　body　when
  examined　by　the　surgeon　of　the　post。　　The　killing　of　the　woman　was　a
  flagrant　and　defiant　outrage　committed　in　the　teeth　of　the　military
  authority；　yet　done　so　quickly　that　we　could　not　prevent　it。　　This
  necessitated　severe　measures；　both　to　allay　the　prevailing　excitement
  and　to　preclude　the　recurrence　of　such　acts。　　The　body　was　cared　for；
  and　delivered　to　the　relatives　the　next　day　for　burial；　after　which
  Captain　Russell　directed　me　to　take　such　steps　as　would　put　a　stop　to
  the　fanatical　usages　that　had　brought　about　this　murderous
  occurrence；　for　it　was　now　seen　that　if　timely　measures　were　not
  taken　to　repress　them；　similar　tragedies　would　surely　follow。
  Knowing　all　the　men　of　the　Rogue　River　tribe；　and　speaking　fluently
  the　Chinook　tongue；　which　they　all　understood；　I　went　down　to　their
  village　the　following　day；　after　having　sent　word　to　the　tribe　that　I
  wished　to　have　a　council　with　them。　　The　Indians　all　met　me　in
  council；　as　I　had　desired；　and　I　then　told　them　that　the　men　who　had
  taken　part　in　shooting　the　woman　would　have　to　be　delivered　up　for
  punishment。　　They　were　very　stiff　with　me　at　the　interview；　and　with
  all　that　talent　for　circumlocution　and　diplomacy　with　which　the
  Indian　is　lifted；　endeavored　to　evade　my　demands　and　delay　any
  conclusion。　　But　I　was　very　positive；　would　hear　of　no　compromise
  whatever；　and　demanded　that　my　terms　be　at　once　complied　with。　　No
  one　was　with　me　but　a　sergeant　of　my　company；　named　Miller；　who　held
  my　horse；　and　as　the　chances　of　an　agreement　began　to　grow　remote；　I
  became　anxious　for　our　safety。　　The　conversation　waxing　hot　and　the
  Indians　gathering　close　in　around　me；　I　unbuttoned　the　flap　of　my
  pistol　holster；　to　be　ready　for　any　emergency。　　When　the　altercation
  became　most　bitter　I　put　my　hand　to　my　hip　to　draw　my　pistol；　but
  discovered　it　was　gonestolen　by　one　of　the　rascals　surrounding　me。
  Finding　myself　unarmed；　I　modified　my　tone　and　manner　to　correspond
  with　my　helpless　condition；　thus　myself　assuming　the　diplomatic　side
  in　the　parley；　in　order　to　gain　time。　　As　soon　as　an　opportunity
  offered；　and　I　could；　without　too　much　loss　of　self…respect；　and
  without　damaging　my　reputation　among　the　Indians；　I　moved　out　to
  where　the　sergeant　held　my　horse；　mounted；　and　crossing　the　Yamhill
  River　close　by；　called　back　in　Chinook　from　the　farther　bank　that
  〃the　sixteen　men　who　killed　the　woman　must　be　delivered　up；　and　my
  six…shooter　also。〃　This　was　responded　to　by　contemptuous　laughter；　so
  I　went　back　to　the　military　post　somewhat　crestfallen；　and　made　my
  report　of　the　turn　affairs　had　taken；　inwardly　longing　for　another
  chance　to　bring　the　rascally　Rogue　Rivers　to　terms。
  When　I　had　explained　the　situation　to　Captain　Russell；　he　thought
  that　we　could　not；　under　any　circumstances；　overlook　this　defiant
  conduct　of　the　Indians；　since；　unless　summarily　punished；　it　would
  lead　to　even　more　serious　trouble　in　the　future。　　I　heartily　seconded
  this　proposition；　and　gladly　embracing　the　opportunity　it　offered；
  suggested　that　if　he　would　give　me　another　chance；　and　let　me　have
  the　effective　force　of　the　garrison；　consisting　of　about　fifty　men；　I
  would　chastise　the　Rogue　Rivers　without　fail；　and　that　the　next　day
  was　all　the　time　I　required　to　complete　arrangements。　　He　gave　me　the
  necessary　authority；　and　I　at　once　set　to　work　to　bring　about　a
  better　state　of　discipline　on　the　reservation；　and　to　put　an　end　to
  the　practices　of　the　medicine　men　（having　also　in　view　the　recovery
  of　my　sixshooter　and　self…respect）；　by　marching　to　the　village　and
  taking　the　rebellious　Indians　by　force。
  In　the　tribe　there　was　an　excellent　woman　called　Tighee　Mary　（Tighee
  in　Chinook　means　chief）；　who　by　right　of　inheritance　was　a　kind　of
  queen　of　the　Rogue　Rivers。　　Fearing　that　the　insubordinate　conduct　of
  the　Indians　would　precipitate　further　trouble；　she　came　early　the
  following　morning　to　see　me　and　tell　me　of　the　situation　Mary
  informed　me　that　she　had　done　all　in　her　power　to　bring　the　Indians
  to　reason；　but　without　avail；　and　that　they　were　determined　to　fight
  rather　than　deliver　up　the　sixteen　men　who　had　engaged　in　the
  shooting。　　She　also　apprised　me　of　the　fact　that　they　had　taken　up　a
  position　on　the　Yamhill　River；　on　the　direct　road　between　the　post
  and　village；　where；　painted　and　armed　for　war；　they　were　awaiting
  attack。
  On　this　information　I　concluded　it　would　be　best　to　march　to　the
  village　by　a　circuitous　route　instead　of　directly；　as　at　first
  intended；　so　I　had　the　ferry…boat　belonging　to　the　post　floated　about
  a　mile　and　a　half　down　the　Yamhill　River　and　there　anchored。　　At　11
  o'clock　that　night　I　marched　my　fifty　men；　out　of　the　garrison；　in　a
  direction　opposite　to　that　of　the　point　held　by　the　Indians；　and　soon
  reached　the　river　at　the　ferryboat。　　Here　I　ferried　the　party　over
  with　little　delay；　and　marched　them　along　the　side　of　the　mountain；
  through　underbrush　and　fallen　timber；　until；　just　before　daylight；　I
  found　that　we　were　immediately　in　rear　of　the　village；　and　thence　in
  rear；　also；　of　the　line　occupied　by　the　refractory　Indians；　who　were
  expecting　to　meet　me　on　the　direct　road　from　the　post。　　Just　at　break
  of　day　we　made　a　sudden　descent　upon　the　village　and　took　its
  occupants　completely　by　surprise；　even　capturing　the　chief　of　the
  tribe；　〃Sam；〃　who　was　dressed　in　all　his　war　toggery；　fully　armed　and
  equipped；　in　anticipation　of　a　fight　on　the　road　where　his　comrades
  were　in　position。　　I　at　once　put　Sam　under　guard；　giving　orders　to
  kill　him　instantly　if　the　Indians　fired　a　shot；　then　forming　my　line
  on　the　road　beyond　the　edge　of　the　village；　in　rear　of　the　force
  lying　in　wait　for　a　front　attack；　we　moved　forward。　　When　the　hostile
  party　realized　that　they　were　completely　cut　off　from　the　village；
  they　came　out　from　their　stronghold　on　the　river　and　took　up　a　line
  in　my　front；　distant　about　sixty　yards　with　the　apparent　intention　of
  resisting　to　the　last。
  As　is　usual　with　Indians　when　expecting　a　fight；　they　were　nearly
  naked；　fantastically　painted　with　blue　clay；　and　hideously　arrayed　in
  war　bonnets。　　They　seemed　very　belligerent；　brandishing　their　muskets
  in　the　air；　dancing　on　one　foot；　calling　us　ugly　names；　and　making
  such　other　demonstrations　of　hostility；　that　it　seemed　at　first　that
  nothing　short　of　the　total　destruction　of　the　party　could　bring　about
  the　definite　settlement　that　we　were　bent　on。　　Still；　as　it　was　my
  desire　to　bring　them　under　subjection　without　loss　of　life；　if
  possible；　I　determined　to　see　what　result　would　follow　when　they
  learned　that　their　chief　was　at　our　mercy。　　So；　sending　Sam　under
  guard　to　the　front；　where　he　could　be　seen；　informing　them　that　he
  would　be　immediately　shot　if　they　fired　upon　us；　and　aided　by　the
  cries　and　lamentations　of　the　women　of　the　village；　who　deprecated
  any　hostile　action　by　either　party；　I　soon　procured　a　parley。
  The　insubordinate　Indians　were　under　command　of　〃Joe；〃　Sam's　brother；
  who　at