203。　GENERAL　DIRECTIONS　FOR　DYEING
  The　materials　should　be　perfectly　clean；　soap　should　be　rinsed　out　in　soft
  water；　the　article　should　be　entirely　wetted；　or　it　will　spot；　light
  colours　should　be　steeped　in　brass；　tin　or　earthen；　and；　if　set　at　all；
  should　be　set　with　alum。　Dark　colours　should　be　boiled　in　iron；　and　set
  with　copperas；　too　much　copperas　rots　the　thread。
  204。　FOR　COLOURING　SKY　BLUE
  Get　the　blue　composition；　it　may　be　had　at　the　druggist's；　or　clothier's；
  for　a　shilling　an　ounce。　If　the　articles　are　not　white；　the　old　colours
  should　all　be　discharged　by　soap　or　a　strong　solution　of　tartaric　acid；
  then　rinsed；　12　or　16　drops　of　the　composition；　stirred　into　a　quart…bowl
  of　warm　water；　and　strained　if　settlings　are　seen；　will　dye　a　great　many
  articles。　If　you　want　a　deeper　colour；　add　a　few　drops　more　of　the
  composition。　If　you　wish　to　colour　cotton　goods；　put　in　pounded　chalk　to
  destroy　the　acid；　which　is　very　destructive　to　all　cotton；　let　it　stand
  until　the　effervescence　subsides；　and　then　it　may　be　safely　used　for
  cotton　or　silk。
  205。　FOR　LILAC　COLOUR
  Take　a　little　pinch　of　archil；　and　put　some　boiling　hot　water　upon　it；　add
  to　it　a　very　little　lump　of　pear…lash。　Shades　may　be　altered　by　pear…lash；
  common　slat；　or　wine。
  206。　TO　COLOUR　BLACK
  Logwood　and　cider；　boiled　together　in　iron；　water　being　added　for　the
  evaporation；　makes　a　good　durable　black。　Rusty　nails　or　any　bits　of　rusty
  iron；　boiled　in　vinegar；　with　a　small　piece　of　copperas；　will　also　dye
  black；　so　will　ink　powder；　if　boiled　with　vinegar。　In　all　cases；　black
  must　be　set　with　copperas。
  207。　TO　DYE　LEMON　COLOUR
  Peach　leaves；　bark　scraped　from　the　barberry　bush；　or　saffron；　steeped　in
  water；　and　set　with　alum；　will　colour　a　bright　lemon；　drop　in　a　little
  gum…arabic　to　make　the　articles　stiff。
  208。　TO　DYE　ROYAL　PURPLE
  Soak　logwood　chips　in　soft　water　until　the　strength　is　out；　then　add　a
  teaspoonful　of　alum　to　a　quart　of　the　liquid；　if　this　is　not　bright
  enough；　add　more　alum；　rinse　and　dry。　When　the　dye　is　exhausted；　it　will
  colour　a　fine　lilac。
  209。　TO　DYE　SLATE　COLOUR
  Tea　grounds；　boiled　in　iron　vessels；　set　with　copperas；　makes　a　good　slate
  colour。　To　produce　a　light　slate　colour；　boil　white　maple　bark　in　clear
  water；　with　a　little　alum。　The　bark　should　be　boiled　in　brass　utensils。
  The　goods　should　be　boiled　in　it　and　then　hu
  210。　TO　DYE　SCARLET
  Dip　the　cloth　in　a　solution　of　alkaline　or　metallic　salt；　then　in　a
  cochineal　dye；　and　let　it　remain　some　time；　and　it　will　come　out
  permanently　coloured。　Another　method：　1/2　lb。　of　madder；　1/2　oz。　of　cream
  tartar；　and　1　oz。　of　marine　acid　to　1　lb。　of　cloth；　put　it　all　together；
  and　bring　the　dye　to　a　scalding　heat；　put　in　your　materials；　and　they　will
  be　coloured　in　ten　minutes。　The　dye　must　be　only　scalding　hot。　Rinse　your
  goods　in　cold　water　as　soon　as　they　come　from　the　dye。
  211。　TO　COLOUR　A　BRIGHT　MADDER
  For　1　lb。　of　yard　or　cloth；　take　3　ozs。　of　madder；　3　ozs。　of　alum；　1　oz。
  of　cream　tartar；　prepare　a　brass　kettle　with　two　gallons　of　water；　and
  bring　the　liquor　to　a　steady　heat；　then　add　your　alum　and　tartar；　and
  bring　it　to　a　boil；　put　in　your　cloth；　and　boil　it　two　hours；　take　it　out；
  and　rinse　it　in　cold　water；　empty　your　kettle；　and　fill　it　with　as　much
  water　as　before；　then　add　your　madder；　rub　it　in　fine　in　the　water　before
  your　cloth　is　in。　When　your　dye　is　as　warm　as　you　can　bear　your　hand　in；
  then　put　in　your　cloth；　and　let　it　lie　one　hour；　and　keep　a　steady　heat；
  keep　it　in　motion　constantly；　then　bring　it　to　a　boil　fifteen　minutes；
  then　air　and　rinse　it。　If　your　goods　are　new；　use　4　ozs。　of　madder　to　a
  lb。
  212。　TO　COLOUR　GREEN
  If　you　wish　to　colour　green；　have　your　cloth　as　free　as　possible　from　the
  old　colour；　clean；　and　rinsed；　and；　in　the　first　place；　colour　it　deep
  yellow。　Fustic；　boiled　in　soft　water；　makes　the　strongest　and　brightest
  yellow　dye；　but　saffron；　barberry…bush；　peach…leaves；　or　onion…skins；　will
  answer　pretty　well。　Next　take　a　bowlful　of　strong　yellow　dye；　and　pour　in
  a　great　spoonful　or　more　of　the　blue　composition；　stir　it　up　well　with　a
  clean　stick；　and　dip　the　articles　you　have　already　coloured　yellow　into
  it；　and　they　will　take　a　lively　grass…green。　This　is　a　good　plan　for　old
  bombazet…curtains；　dessert…cloths；　old　flannel　for　desk　coverings；　&c。
  213。　TO　DYE　STRAW　COLOUR　AND　YELLOW
  Saffron；　steeped　in　earthen　and　strained；　colours　a　fine　straw　colour。　It
  makes　a　delicate　or　deep　shade；　according　to　the　strength　of　the　tea。
  Colouring　yellow　is　described　in　receipt　No。212。　In　all　these　cases　a
  little　bit　of　alum　does　no　harm；　and　may　help　to　fix　the　colour。　Ribbons；
  gauze　handkerchiefs；　&c。；　are　coloured　well　in　this　way；　especially　if
  they　be　stiffened　by　a　bit　of　gum…arabic；　dropped　in　while　the　stuff　is
  steeping。
  214。　TO　DYE　A　DRAB　COLOUR
  Take　plum　tree　sprouts；　and　boil　them　an　hour　or　more；　add　copperas；
  according　to　the　shade　you　wish　your　articles　to　be。　White　ribbons　take
  very　pretty　in　this　dye。
  215。　TO　DYE　PURPLE
  Boil　an　ounce　of　cochineal　in　a　quart　of　vinegar。　This　will　afford　a
  beautiful　purple。
  216　TO　DYE　BROWN
  Use　a　teaspoonful　of　soda　to　an　ounce　of　cochineal；　and　a　quart　of　soft
  water。
  217。　TO　COLOUR　PINK
  Boil　1　lb。　of　cloth　an　hour　in　alum　water；　pound　3/4　of　an　oz。　of
  cochineal　and　mix　1　oz。　of　cream　of　tartar；　put　in　a　brass　kettle；　with
  water；　enough　to　cover　the　cloth；　when　about　blood　hot；　put　in　your　cloth；
  stir　constantly；　and　boil　about　fifteen　minutes。
  218。　TO　DYE　A　COFFEE　COLOUR
  Use　copperas　in　a　madder…dye；　instead　of　madder　compound。
  219。　TO　DYE　NANKIN　COLOUR
  The　simplest　way　is　to　take　a　pailful　of　lye；　to　which　put　a　piece　of
  copperas　half　as　big　as　a　hen's　egg；　boil　in　a　copper　or　tin　kettle。
  220。　TO　MAKE　ROSE　COLOUR
  Balm　blossoms；　steeped　in　water；　colour　a　pretty　rose　colour。　This　answers
  very　well　for　the　linings　of　children's　bonnets；　for　ribbons；　&c。
  221。　TO　DYE　STRAW　AND　CHIP　BONNETS　BLACK
  Boil　them　in　strong　logwood　liquor　3　or　4　hours；　occasionally　adding　green
  copperas；　and　taking　the　bonnets　out　to　cool　in　the　air；　and　this　must　be
  continued　for　some　hours。　Let　the　bonnets　remain　in　the　liquor　all　night；
  and　the　next　morning　take　them　out；　dry　them　in　the　air；　and　brush　them
  with　a　soft　brush。　Lastly；　rub　them　inside　and　out　with　a　sponge　moistened
  with　oil；　and　then　send　them　to　be　blocked。　Hats　are　done　in　the　same　way。
  222。　TO　DYE　WHITE　GLOVES　A　BEAUTIFUL　PURPLE
  Boil　4　oz。　of　logwood；　and　2　oz。　of　roche…alum；　in　3　pints　of　soft　water；
  till　half　wasted；　let　it　stand　to　be　cold　after　straining。　If　they　be　old
  gloves　let　them　be　mended；　then　do　them　over　with　a　brush；　and　when　dry
  repeat　it。　Twice　is　sufficient　unless　the　colour　is　to　be　very　dark；　when
  dry；　rub　off　the　loose　dye　with　a　coarse　cloth；　beat　up　the　white　of　an
  egg；　and　with　a　sponge；　rub　it　over　the　leather。　The　dye　will　stain　the
  hands；　but　wetting　them　with　vinegar　before　they　are　washed　will　take　it
  off。
  223。　TO　BLEACH　STRAW　HATS；　&c。
  Straw　hats　and　bonnets　are　bleached　by　putting　them；　previously　washed　in
  pure　water；　in　a　box　with　burning　sulphur；　the　fumes　which　arise　unite
  with　the　water　on　the　bonnets；　and　the　sulphurous　acid；　thus　formed；
  bleaches　them。
  224。　TO　DYE　SILKS　BLACK
  To　8　gallons　of　water　add　4　ozs。　of　copperas；　immerse　for　1　hour　and　take
  out　and　rinse；　boil　2　lbs。　logwood　chips；　or　1/2　lb。　of　extract；　1/2　lb。
  of　fustic；　and　for　white　silks；　1/2　lb。　of　nicwood；　dissolve　2　lbs。　of
  good　bar…soap　in　a　gallon　of　water；　mix　all　the　liquids　together；　and　then
  add　the　soap；　having　just　enough　to　cover　the　silk；　stir　briskly　until　a
  good　lather　is　formed；　then　immerse　the　silk　and　handle　it　lively。　The　dye
  should　be　as　warm　as　the　hand　will　bear；　dry　quickly　and　without　rinsing。
  The　above　is　enough　for　10　yards　or　one　dress。
  225。　TO　COLOUR　YELLOW　ON　COTTON
  Wet　6　lbs。　of　goods　thoroughly；　and　to　the　same　quantity　of　water　add　9
  oz。　of　sugar　of　lead；　and　to　the　same　quantity　of　water　in　another　vessel；
  add　6　oz。　of　bichromate　of　potash；　dip　the　goods　first　into　the　solution
  of　sugar　of　lead；　and　next　into　that　of　the　potash；　and　then　again　into
  the　first；　wring　out；　dry；　and　afterwards　rinse　in　cold　water。
  226。　FOR　STAINING　GLASS　…　No。1　FLUX
  Minimum；　or　red　lead；　3　parts；　white　sand；　washed；　1　part。　This　mixture　is
  melted；　by　which　it　is　converted　into　a　greenish…yellow　glass
  227。　No。2　FLUX
  Of　No。1；　8　parts；　fused　borax；　in　powder；　1　part。　This　mixture　is　melted。
  228。　No。3　FLUX
  Fused　borax；　5　parts；　calcined　flint；　3　p