D　E　M　O　N　S　T　R　A　T　I　V　E　　　　T　R　A　N　S　L　A　T　I　O　N
  O　F
  S　C　I　E　N　T　I　F　I　C　　　　S　E　C　R　E　T　S　；
  O　R
  A　　　　C　O　L　L　E　C　T　I　O　N　　　　O　F　　　　A　B　O　V　E
  5　0　0　　　　U　S　E　F　U　L　　　　R　E　C　E　I　P　T　S
  O　N　　　　A　　　　V　A　R　I　E　T　Y　　　　O　F　　　　S　U　B　J　E　C　T　S
  by　DANIEL　YOUNG
  1　8　6　1
  I　N　T　R　O　D　U　C　T　I　O　N
  The　object　of　the　present　work　is　clearly　announced　in　its　title。　It　is　to
  collect　within　a　small　compass　the　instructions　of　experimental　knowledge
  upon　a　great　variety　of　subjects　which　relate　to　the　present　interests　of
  man。　It　contains　above　five　hundred　genuine　and　practical　receipts；　which
  have　been　compiled　by　the　publisher　with　extreme　difficulty　and　expense。　A
  reference　to　the　list　of　subjects　which　the　work　contains；　will　show　that
  the　publisher's　researches　have　been　extensive；　while　a　comparison　of　the
  work　with　others　of　the　same　general　character　evinces　patient　labour；　and
  cannot　fail　to　give　it　pre…eminence。　While　the　track　pursued　is　not　new；
  it　is　more　thorough；　and　more　easily　followed　than　that　marked　out　by　any
  previous　compiler　known　to　myself。　The　work　contains　not　merely　the
  outlines　on　the　subjects　to　which　it　refers；　but；　what　appears　to　my　own
  mind　one　of　its　excellences；　the　full　and　clear　explanations　of　these
  subjects。　To　all　classes　of　people；　without　exception；　the　work　is　of
  great　value。　It　is　fit；　on　every　account；　that　the　publisher　should　be
  encouraged　in　this　production。　The　work　is　worthy　the　acceptance　of　all；
  and　one　which　every　man　may　prize。
  E　R　R　A　T　A
  Page　117；　and　seventh　line　from　top；　and　page　60；　third　line　from　bottom；
  says　…　tin　of　silver　foil；　they　should　be　silver　leaf。
  Demonstrative　Translation
  of
  SCIENTIFIC　SECRETS
  1。　ORIENTAL　PAINTING
  Any　bunch　of　roses　or　flowers；　or　any　thing　of　the　kind　that　you　admire；
  take　the　pattern　of　by　placing　them　against　a　light　of　window　glass；　then
  lay　a　piece　of　white　paper　over　them；　and　through　the　latter　you　will　see
  the　roses；　&c。　Now　with　a　lead　pencil　take　the　pattern　of　the　roses；　&c。；
  on　the　paper；　when　you　have　them　all　marked；　cut　then　out　with　a　scissors；
  so　that　you　have　a　complete　pattern　of　them。　Now　take　a　piece　of　glass；
  whatever　size　your　pattern　requires；　stick　the　pattern　on　it　with　wafers；
  then　paint　the　glass　all　over；　except　where　the　pattern　covers；　with　black
  paint；　composed　of　refined　lampblack；　black　enamel；　copel　varnish　and
  turpentine；　mixed。　Now　let　this　dry；　then　take　off　your　patterns　and　paint
  your　roses；　flowers；　&c。；　with　tube　paints；　mixed　with　demar　varnish；　so
  that　your　roses；　&c。；　may　be；　in　a　manner；　transparent。　Paint　your　large
  roses　red；　some　of　the　smaller　ones　yellow；　or　any　colour　to　suit　your
  taste。　Paint　one　side　of　the　leaves　a　darker　shade　of　green　than　the
  other；　which　will　make　the　picture　appear　as　though　the　sun　was　shining　on
  it。　When　this　painting　is　dry；　take　silver　or　gold　foil；　（gold　is　best；）
  wrinkle　it　up　in　your　hand　then　nearly　straighten　it；　and　cover　the　back
  of　the　glass　all　over　with　it；　over　the　large　roses　let　the　wrinkles　be
  larger；　over　the　small　ones　smaller；　&c。；　then　lay　a　piece　of　stiff　paper；
  the　size　of　the　glass；　over　the　foil；　and　a　piece　of　very　thin　board　again
  over　this；　have　it　framed　in　this　manner　and　it　is　completed。　You　now　have
  one　of　the　richest　of　paintings；　which　is　commonly　taught　at　a　cost　of　5。
  You　may　buy　all　you　require　for　this　painting　at　the　druggist's。
  2。　TRANSFER　PAINTING　ON　GLASS
  This　is　for　transferring　any　picture　plate　you　please　to　glass；　to　be
  framed。　First　give　the　glass　a　coat　of　demar　varnish；　let　it　remain　for
  eight　hours；　or　until　dry；　at　this　time　have　your　picture　thoroughly
  soaked　in　warm　water；　then　give　the　glass　another　coat　of　demar　varnish；
  and　take　the　picture　out　of　the　water；　then　let　it　and　the　glass　remain
  for　twenty　minutes；　by　which　time　the　water　will　be　struck　in　from　the
  face　of　the　picture；　after　which　you　will　place　the　front　of　the　picture
  on　the　varnished　glass；　（avoiding　wrinkles　and　spots　of　water；）　press　it
  well　on　until　every　part　is　stuck　fast；　then　carefully　rub　the　paper　all
  away　to　a　mere　film；　give　the　glass　then；　over　this　film；　another　coat　of
  demar　varnish；　which　will　make　the　film　transparent；　let　it　dry；　then
  place　the　glass；　with　the　varnished　side　towards　you；　between　you　and　the
  light；　and　you　will　see　the　outlines　of　the　picture　quite　distinctly；　you
  may　then　paint　on　the　back　with　tube　paints；　mixed　with　a　little　demar
  varnish　to　assist　in　drying；　to　suit　your　taste。　For　instance；　if　the
  picture　is　that　of　a　lady；　you　may　paint　the　dress　red；　the　shawl　or　cape；
  as　it　may　be；　blue；　the　face　flesh　colour；　（which　colour　may　be　made　by
  mixing　a　little　red　with　white；）　the　bonnet　scarlet；　the　shoes　black；　if
  trees；　have　them　green；　&c。　All　you　want　for　this　painting　you　may　also
  buy　at　the　druggist's。　This　painting　is　very　simple　and　elegant；　it　is
  commonly　taught　at　a　cost　of　3。　Try　it；　you　cannot　fail。
  3。　TRANSFER　VARNISH
  Take　of　Canada　balsam　3　drachms；　gum　sandric　3　drachms；　spirits　of　wine
  1/2　pint。　Dissolve　the　balsam　and　gum　in　the　spirits　of　wine　and　it　is
  ready　for　use。
  4。　WHITE　SPIRIT　VARNISH　…　THE　VERY　BEST。
  Take　of　gum　sandrack　4　ounces；　mastic　1　ounce；　Elmi　rosin　1/2　ounce；
  Venice　turpentine　1　ounce；　alcohol　15　ounces。　Digest　in　a　bottle；
  frequently　shaking；　till　the　gums　are　dissolved；　and　it　is　ready　for　use。
  5。　TRANSFER　PAINTING　ON　WOOD
  By　this　you　may　transfer　any　picture　you　please　from　paper　to　a　cutter
  back；　or　any　other　substance　you　please。　Give　the　board　three　coats　of
  white　spirit　varnish；　receipt　No。4；　damp　the　back　of　the　print　with　strong
  vinegar；　give　the　front　a　very　heavy　coat　of　the　transfer　varnish；　receipt
  No。3；　then　press　it　on　the　board；　avoiding　creases；　when　perfectly　dry　and
  fast；　rub　the　paper　away；　the　print　is　indelibly　fixed；　then　varnish　it
  over　as　you　would　any　other　painting。　This　receipt　has　been　commonly　sold
  for　5。
  6。　ELECTRO　GOLD　PLATING　…　NEW　METHOD
  Take　100　grams　of　laminated　gold；　mixed　with　20　grams　of　hydrochloric
  acid；　10　grams　of　nitric　acid；　the　liquid　thus　composed　is　placed　over　a
  moderate　fire；　and　stirred　constantly　until　the　gold　passes　into　the　state
  of　chlorine；　it　is　then　allowed　to　cool。　A　second　liquid　is　formed　by
  dissolving　60　grams　of　cyanide　of　potassium　in　80　grams　of　distilled
  waters；　the　two　liquids　are　mixed　together　in　a　decanter　and　stirred　for
  20　minutes；　and　then　filtered。　Finally　100　grams　of　whiting；　dry　and
  sifted；　are　mixed　with　5　grams　of　pulverised　supertartrate　of　potass；　this
  new　powder　is　dissolved　in　a　portion　of　the　above　described　liquid；　in
  sufficient　quantity　to　form　a　paste　of　the　proper　consistency　to　be　spread
  with　a　pencil　on　the　article　or　part　to　be　gilded。　The　superabundant
  powder　is　then　removed　by　washing　and　the　article　is　beautifully　gilded
  with　a　heavy　or　light　coat；　according　to　the　quantity　of　paste　used。　Grams
  belong　to　French　weights；　four　grams　are　a　little　more　than　one　drachm。
  ELECTRO　SILVERING　…　NEW　METHOD
  10　grams　of　nitrate　of　silver　are　dissolved　in　50　grams　of　distilled
  water；　then　25　grams　of　cyanide　of　potassium　in　50　grams　of　distilled
  water；　the　two　liquids　are　mixed　in　a　decanter；　and　stirred　for　10
  minutes；　it　is　then　filtered。　Finally；　100　grams　of　sifted　whiting　are
  mixed　with　10　grams　of　pulverised　supertartrate　of　potass　and　one　gram　of
  mercury。　This　powder　and　dissolving　liquid　are　used　in　the　same　manner　as
  in　the　above　method　of　gold　plating。　These　excellent　methods　of　silvering
  and　gilding　were　discovered　in　June　1860；　by　the　great　French　chemist
  Baldooshong　of　Paris　France。　It　is　far　superior　to　any　other　method　ever
  discovered；　and　will　eventually　take　the　place　of　all。
  8。　ELECTRO　GOLD　PLATING　…　USUAL　METHOD
  Take　a　2　50c。　piece　of　gold；　and　put　it　into　a　mixture　of　1　ounce　of
  nitric　and　4　ounces　of　muriatic　acids；　（glass　vessels　only　are　to　be　used
  in　this　work；）　when　it　is　all　cut　dissolve　1/2　an　ounce　of　sulphate　of
  potash　in　one　pint　of　pure　rain　water；　and　mix　the　gold　solution；　stirring
  well；　then　let　stand　and　the　gold　will　be　thrown　down；　then　pour　off　the
  acid　fluid；　and　wash　the　gold　in　two　or　three　waters；　or　until　no　acid　is
  tasted　by　touching　the　tongue　to　the　gold。　Now　dissolve　one　ounce　of
  cyanuret　of　potassium　in　one　pint　of　pure　rain　water；　to　which　add　the
  gold；　and　it　is　ready　to　use。　Clear　the　article　to　be　plated