d　virtuous　man；　when　his　manners；　of　which　they　are　made　critical　judges；　are　rebuffing；　and　his　conversation　cold　and　dull；　because　it　does　not　consist　of　pretty　repartees；　or　well…turned　compliments？　　In　order　to　admire　or　esteem　any　thing　for　a　continuance；　we　must；　at　least；　have　our　curiosity　excited　by　knowing；　in　some　degree；　what　we　admire；　for　we　are　unable　to　estimate　the　value　of　qualities　and　virtues　above　our　comprehension。　　Such　a　respect；　when　it　is　felt；　may　be　very　sublime；　and　the　confused　consciousness　of　humility　may　render　the　dependent　creature　an　interesting　object；　in　some　points　of　view；　but　human　love　must　have　grosser　ingredients；　and　the　person　very　naturally　will　come　in　for　its　shareand；　an　ample　share　it　mostly　has！　Love　is；　in　a　great　degree；　an　arbitrary　passion；　and　will　reign　like　some　other　stalking　mischiefs；　by　its　own　authority；　without　deigning　to　reason；　and　it　may　also　be　easily　distinguished　from　esteem；　the　foundation　of　friendship；　because　it　is　often　excited　by　evanescent　beauties　and　graces；　though　to　give　an　energy　to　the　sentiment　something　more　solid　must　deepen　their　impression　and　set　the　imagination　to　work；　to　make　the　most　fair　the　first　good。　Common　passions　are　excited　by　common　qualities。　　Men　look　for　beauty　and　the　simper　of　good　humoured　docility：　　women　are　captivated　by　easy　manners：　a　gentleman…like　man　seldom　fails　to　please　them；　and　their　thirsty　ears　eagerly　drink　the　insinuating　nothings　of　politeness；　whilst　they　turn　from　the　unintelligible　sounds　of　the　charmerreason；　charm　he　never　so　wisely。　　With　respect　to　superficial　accomplishments；　the　rake　certainly　has　the　advantage；　and　of　these；　females　can　form　an　opinion；　for　it　is　their　own　ground。　　Rendered　gay　and　giddy　by　the　whole　tenor　of　their　lives；　the　very　aspect　of　wisdom；　or　the　severe　graces　of　virtue　must　have　a　lugubrious　appearance　to　them；　and　produce　a　kind　of　restraint　from　which　they　and　love；　sportive　child；　naturally　revolt。　　Without　taste；　excepting　of　the　lighter　kind；　for　taste　is　the　offspring　of　judgment；　how　can　they　discover；　that　true　beauty　and　grace　must　arise　from　the　play　of　the　mind？　and　how　can　they　be　expected　to　relish　in　a　lover　what　they　do　not；　or　very　imperfectly；　possess　themselves？　　The　sympathy　that　unites　hearts；　and　invites　to　confidence；　in　them　is　so　very　faint；　that　it　cannot　take　fire；　and　thus　mount　to　passion。　　No；　I　repeat　it；　the　love　cherished　by　such　minds；　must　have　grosser　fuel！　The　inference　is　obvious；　till　women　are　led　to　exercise　their　understandings；　they　should　not　be　satirized　for　their　attachment　to　rakes；　nor　even　for　being　rakes　at　heart；　when　it　appears　to　be　the　inevitable　consequence　of　their　education。　　They　who　live　to　please　must　find　their　enjoyments；　their　happiness；　in　pleasure！　It　is　a　trite；　yet　true　remark；　that　we　never　do　any　thing　well；　unless　we　love　it　for　its　own　sake。　Supposing；　however；　for　a　moment；　that　women　were；　in　some　future　revolution　of　time；　to　become；　what　I　sincerely　wish　them　to　be；　even　love　would　acquire　more　serious　dignity；　and　be　purified　in　its　own　fires；　and　virtue　giving　true　delicacy　to　their　affections；　they　would　turn　with　disgust　from　a　rake。　　Reasoning　then；　as　well　as　feeling；　the　only　province　of　woman；　at　present；　they　might　easily　guard　against　exterior　graces；　and　quickly　learn　to　despise　the　sensibility　that　had　been　excited　and　hackneyed　in　the　ways　of　women；　whose　trade　was　vice；　and　allurement's　wanton　airs。　　They　would　recollect　that　the　flame；　（one　must　use　appropriate　expressions；）　which　they　wished　to　light　up；　had　been　exhausted　by　lust；　and　that　the　sated　appetite；　losing　all　relish　for　pure　and　simple　pleasures；　could　only　be　roused　by　licentious　arts　of　variety。　　What　satisfaction　could　a　woman　of　delicacy　promise　herself　in　a　union　with　such　a　man；　when　the　very　artlessness　of　her　affection　might　appear　insipid？　　Thus　does　Dryden　describe　the　situation：　〃Where　love　is　duty　on　the　female　side；　On　theirs　mere　sensual　gust；　and　sought　with　surly　pride。〃　But　one　grand　truth　women　have　yet　to　learn；　though　much　it　imports　them　to　act　accordingly。　　In　the　choice　of　a　husband　they　should　not　be　led　astray　by　the　qualities　of　a　loverfor　a　lover　the　husband；　even　supposing　him　to　be　wise　and　virtuous；　cannot　long　remain。　Were　women　more　rationally　educated；　could　they　take　a　more　comprehensive　view　of　things；　they　would　be　contented　to　love　but　once　in　their　lives；　and　after　marriage　calmly　let　passion　subside　into　friendshipinto　that　tender　intimacy；　which　is　the　best　refuge　from　care；　yet　is　built　on　such　pure；　still　affections；　that　idle　jealousies　would　not　be　allowed　to　disturb　the　discharge　of　the　sober　duties　of　life；　nor　to　engross　the　thoughts　that　ought　to　be　otherwise　employed。　　This　is　a　state　in　which　many　men　live；　but　few；　very　few　women。　　And　the　difference　may　easily　be　accounted　for；　without　recurring　to　a　sexual　character。　　Men；　for　whom　we　are　told　women　are　made；　have　too　much　occupied　the　thoughts　of　women；　and　this　association　has　so　entangled　love；　with　all　their　motives　of　action；　and；　to　harp　a　little　on　an　old　string；　having　been　solely　employed　either　to　prepare　themselves　to　excite　love；　or　actually　putting　their　lessons　in　practice；　they　cannot　live　without　love。　　But；　when　a　sense　of　duty；　or　fear　of　shame；　obliges　them　to　restrain　this　pampered　desire　of　pleasing　beyond　certain　lengths；　too　far　for　delicacy；　it　is　true；　though　far　from　criminality；　they　obstinately　determine　to　love；　I　speak　of　their　passion；　their　husbands　to　the　end　of　the　chapterand　then　acting　the　part　which　they　foolishly　exacted　from　their　lovers；　they　become　abject　wooers；　and　fond　slaves。　Men　of　wit　and　fancy　are　often　rakes；　and　fancy　is　the　food　of　love。　　Such　men　will　inspire　passion。　　Half　the　sex；　in　its　present　infantine　state；　would　pine　for　a　Lovelace；　a　man　so　witty；　so　graceful；　and　so　valiant；　and　can　they　DESERVE　blame　for　acting　according　to　principles　so　constantly　inculcated？　　They　want　a　lover　and　protector：　and　behold　him　kneeling　before　thembravery　prostrate　to　beauty！　　The　virtues　of　a　husband　are　thus　thrown　by　love　into　the　background；　and　gay　hopes；　or　lively　emotions；　banish　reflection　till　the　day　of　reckoning　comes；　and　come　it　surely　will；　to　turn　the　sprightly　lover　into　a　surly　suspicious　tyrant；　who　contemptuously　insults　the　very　weakness　he　fostered。　　Or；　supposing　the　rake　reformed；　he　cannot　quickly　get　rid　of　old　habits。　　When　a　man　of　abilities　is　first　carried　away　by　his　passions；　it　is　necessary　that　sentiment　and　taste　varnish　the　enormities　of　vice；　and　give　a　zest　to　brutal　indulgences：　but　when　the　gloss　of　novelty　is　worn　off；　and　pleasure　palls　upon　the　sense；　lasciviousness　becomes　barefaced；　and　enjoyment　only　the　desperate　effort　of　weakness　flying　from　reflection　as　from　a　legion　of　devils。　　Oh！　virtue；　thou　art　not　an　empty　name！　　All　that　life　can　give　thou　givest！　If　much　comfort　cannot　be　expected　from　the　friendship　of　a　reformed　rake　of　superior　abilities；　what　is　the　consequence　when　he　lacketh　sense；　as　well　as　principles？　　Verily　misery　in　its　most　hideous　shape。　　When　the　habits　of　weak　people　are　consolidated　by　time；　a　reformation　is　barely　possible；　and　actually　makes　the　beings　miserable　who　have　not　sufficient　mind　to　be　amused　by　innocent　pleasure；　like　the　tradesman　who　retires　from　the　hurry　of　business；　nature　presents　to　them　only　a　universal　blank；　and　the　restless　thoughts　prey　on　the　damped　spirits。　　Their　reformation　as　well　as　his　retirement　actually　makes　them　wretched；　because　it　deprives　them　of　all　employment；　by　quenching　the　hopes　and　fears　that　set　in　motion　their　sluggish　minds。　If　such　be　the　force　of　habit；　if　such　be　the　bondage　of　folly；　how　carefully　ought　we　to　guard　the　mind　from　storing　up　vicious　associations；　and　equally　careful　should　we　be　to　cultivate　the　understanding；　to　save　the　poor　wight　from　the　weak　dependent　state　of　even　harmless　ignorance。　　For　it　is　the　right　use　of　reason　alone　which　makes　us　independent　of　every　thingexcepting　the　unclouded　Reason〃Whose　service　is　perfect　freedom。〃
  CHAPTER　7。　MODESTY　COMPREHENSIVELY　CONSIDERED　AND　NOT　AS　A　SEXUAL　VIRTUE。　Modesty！　　Sacred　offspring　of　sensibility　and　reason！　true　delicacy　of　mind！　may　I　unblamed　presume　to　investigate　thy　nature；　and　trace　to　its　covert　the　mild　charm；　that　mellowing　each　harsh　feature　of　a　character；　renders　what　would　otherwise　only　inspire　cold　admirationlovely！　　Thou　that　smoothest　the　wrinkles　of　wisdom；　and　softenest　the　tone　of　the　more　sublime　virtues　till　they　all　melt　into　humanity！　thou　that　spreadest　the　ethereal　cloud　that　surrounding　love　heightens　every　beauty；　it　half　shades；　breathing　those　coy　sweets　that　steal　into　the　heart；　and　charm　the　sensesmodulate　for　me　the　language　of　persuasive　reason；　till　I　rouse　my　sex　from　the　flowery　bed；　on　which　they　supinely　sleep　life　away！　In　speaking　of　the　association　of　our　ideas；　I　have　noticed　two　distinct　modes；　and　in　defining　modesty；　it　appears　to　me　equally　proper　to　discriminate　that　purity　of　mind；　which　is　the　effect　of　chastity；　from　a　simplicity　of　character　that　leads　us　to　form　a　just　opinion　of　ourselves；　equally　distant　from　vanity　or　presumption