C1。　Notice　the　epic　tone　now　adopted；　or　rather　swum　into；　or　rather
  which　floats　the　writer　up　of　its　own　motion。
  C1。2　ff。　On　the　whole　this　description　of　the　battle　is；　for　Xenophon；
  obscure。
  C1。5…6。　Xenophon；　Artist。　This　military　criticism　and　technical
  discussion　juxtaposed　to　the　epic　prelude　and　the　epic　sequel　is　a
  clever　device　enough。　We　are　pleased。
  C1。8…9。　Final　injunctions　somewhat　obscure；　I　think。
  C1。24　ff。　The　epic　and　Homeric　vein。
  C1。33。　The　Egyptians　have　the　advantage。　This　is　noticeable　in
  reference　to　Cyrus'　criticisms　of　their　arms　before　battle。　That　is
  not　a　slip；　but　a　dramatic　touch　on　the　part　of　the　author；　I　think。
  And　Cyrus　is　speaking　of　cavalry　there；　and　anticipates　the　result。
  C1。34　fin。　A　singular　feature　this　in　ancient　battles。　Is　it　simply
  and　solely　Oriental；　or　general；　and　Hellenic　also？　Has　it　any
  analogue　nowadays　anywhere？　Probably　with　Egyptian　troops　in　the
  Soudan　it　has　（hgd。　1884）。
  C2。6…7。　The　archic　man　through　an　act　of　bad　discipline　makes　good
  discipline　more　acceptable。
  C2。13。　The　civilised　method　of　dealing　with　a　conquered　city。　Instead
  of　pillage　and　rapine；　an　indemnity；　which　will　bring　in　to　the
  conquerors　wealth；　and　yet　not　destroy　the　arts　of　the　population；
  which　are　the　fountain…heads　of　beauty。　｜｜　Modern。　So　the　archic　man
  asserts　his　superiority　once　more。
  C2。24。　Is　this　also　Xenophon's　view？　If　so；　it　throws　light　on　his
  theory　of　rank　and　caste。
  C3。2。　Curious　Cyrus　should　be　so　little　suspicious　of　Abradatas'
  death；　is　it　not？　Because　the　victory　was　not　bloodless。　Notice；　too；
  how　little　is　said　of　the　bloodshed；　that　is　Hellenic　as　well　as
  Xenophontine；　I　fancy。
  C3。7。　Something　epic　in　all　this。　Cf。　Archilles　sacrificing　at　the
  tomb　of　Patroklos。
  C3。8　ff。　The　pathos　of　the　situation　and　the　/Eironeia/　at　its
  maximum。　〃Euripidean〃　touches　throughout。
  C3。16。　＇This　is　bracketed　in　most　editions；　no　doubt　rightly；　as　an
  interpolation。　It　was　not　translated　in　Mr。　Dakyns'　manuscript；　but
  his　marginal　note　is　characteristic；　and　evidently　he　would　have
  translated　the　section　in　a　footnote。　It　may　be　rendered　thus：　〃It　is
  said　that　a　monument　was　raised　above　the　eunuchs　and　is　in　existence
  to　this　day。　On　the　upper　slab　the　names　of　the　husband　and　the　wife
  are　written　in　Syrian　letters；　and　below　are　three　other　slabs；
  inscribed　'To　the　chamberlains。'〃＇
  C3。16。　Interesting；　especially　if　of　later　insertion；　and　perhaps
  given　the　historical　basis　of　the　story　in　some　monument　on　the
  Pactolus；　known　to　Xenophon。　I　wish　a　new　Schliemann　would　find　it。
  hgd。
  C4。　Semi…historical？　The　version　is　to　be　found；　I　think；　in　C4。2；
  which　is　the　/pièce　justicative/。　The　episode　itself　is　full　of
  humour；　as　good　as　a　play：　Xenophon　has　seen　these　duplicities　often。
  Brer　Fox　outwitted　by　Brer　Rabbit。
  C4。4。　Can　these　rival　fastnesses　of　the　Carians　be　identified？　All
  this　country　is　well　known　to　Xenophon　（/vide　Hellenica/；　III。　c。　4；
  etc。）。
  C4。6。　Beautiful　renewal　of　the　peaceful　arts；　festivals；　and　merry…
  makings　after　the　internecine　party　strife。
  C4。9。　This　again　is　a　district　Xenophon　is　well　acquainted　with。　Has
  he　one　eye　on　the　old　insurrection　against　Persia；　/tempore/
  Histiaeus；　and　another　on　the　new　arrangements；　/tempore/　Antalcidas？
  C4。12…13。　Croesus　and　his　bills　of　lading。　Some　humour。　It　also　brings
  out　the　archic　man　in　opposition　to　the　shop…keeper　man　of　the　mere
  business　type。　But　still　the　bills　of　lading　are　needed。　Croesus　only
  doesn't　〃twig〃　the　right　persons　to　check。　It's　the　opposition　between
  Despot　and　true　Ruler。
  C5。9。　Cyrus　has　an　idea；　the　nature　of　which　we　shall　discover　later。
  C5。15。　Belshazzar's　feast；　/vide/　Daniel；　cf。　Hdt。　Why　plural；　〃the
  trenches〃？　Is　Xenophon　obscure？　His　obscurity　is　mostly　this：　he
  expects　his　reader　intelligently　to　follow　him。
  C5。32。　Jars　somewhat　on　our　feelings；　perhaps；　in　its　thirst　for
  revenge：　but　cf。　the　feeling　against　the　assassins　of　Lord　Frederick
  Cavendish　and　Mr。　Burke。　＇Written　at　the　time　of　the　Phoenix　Park
  murders。＇
  C5。37。　Is　a　turning…point　in　the　rise　of　the　archic　man　（and　yet
  hardly　yet；　but　at　C5。58　we　shall　come　to　bodyguards　and　eunuchs）。　At
  this　highest　pinnacle　of　｛arkhe｝　Cyrus　desires　to　furnish　himself　as
  befits　a　king。　It　is　an　historical　difficulty　which　Xenophon　has　to
  get　over　or　round；　or　is　Xenophon　himself　in　the　same　condemnation；　so
  to　speak？　Does　he　also　desire　his　archic　man　to　be　got　up　in　a　manner
  befitting　royalty　at　a　certain　date？　Consider。
  C5。42…47。　These　sections　pose　the　difficulty　well；　and　it　is　a
  difficulty；　and　no　mistake。
  C5。42　ff。　　Xenophon…Hellenic　theory　of　life。　The　leisure　to　invite
  one's　own　soul　and　see　one's　friends　which　is　needed　to　make　life
  worth　living；　versus　/negotia/；　/negotia/；　/negotia/。　How　far　are　we
  to　be　consciously　self…regarding？　Cyrus　versus　Buddha。　The　Hellenic
  hero　is　not　equal　to　absolute　non…self…regarding　devotion　to　mere
  work。　The　Buddha　might　be。
  C5。48。　Perhaps　nothing　is　cleverer　in　the　neat　and　skilful　mosaic　work
  of　this　composition　than　the　fitting…in　here　of　Artabazus'　personal
  view　with　theat　last　necessaryimpersonal　or　public　theory　of
  leadership。　It　is　pretty　also　that　Artabazus　should　at　length　get　his
  reward；　and　humorous　that　he　doesn't；　after　all；　get　it　in　the　old
  form。
  C5。49　ff。　He　keenly　remembers　each　tantalizing　moment　of　approach　and
  separation。　A　splendid　speech　of　the　humorous　type。　Xenophon　himself
  must　be　credited　with　so　much　fun；　and　real　fun　it　is。
  C5。56　ff。　Curious　on　this　page　（a）　Xenophon's　domestic　hearth　theory
  without　which　｛arkhe｝　is　a　tinkling　cymbal　and　empire　no　burthen　to　be
  borne。　His　feeling　for　the　sweetness　of　home　｜｜　modern。　In　this　the
  secret　of　his　happiness；　｜｜　hgd。　（b）　His　/justification/　or　/raison
  d'être/　explanation　of　the　eunuch　system。　Why　doesn't　he　point　out　its
  hollowness　also？　Not　from　any　lack　of　sympathy　with　this　barren
  mankind。　Cf。　Gadatas。　I　think　this　all　logically　follows　if　the
  ｛arkhon｝　is　to　rule　political　enemies　as　well　as　friends：　to　do　so
  ｛epistamenos｝　＇〃asian　expert〃＇　some　strange　devices　must　be　resorted
  towhat　think　you；　Dakyns？
  C5。58。　The　need　of　a　bodyguard。　The　dragon…fly　must　wing　his　flight　in
  armour　cased：　that　is　the　law　of　his　development。　So　Cyrus　must　be　in
  the　end　an　ideal　〃tyrannus；〃　the　one　spoken　of　by　Simonides　the　poet
  to　Hiero　＇/vide/　the　dialogue　/Hiero/；　and　the　notes　thereto　in　Mr。
  Dakyns'　translation；　Vol。　III。＇。
  C5。64。　The　faithfulness　of　the　eunuch　has　its　parallel　in　that　of　the
  old　negro　slave。
  C5。67。　These　are　the　sort　of　fellows　Xenophon　would　have　chosen
  himself；　I　take　it。　Again　the　historical　basis　has　to　be　taken　account
  of。　Xenophon　has　to　explain　to　himself　the　existence　of　their　body　and
  how　the　archic　man　came　to　invent　it。　Throughout　we　must　compare　the
  /Hiero/　for　Xenophon's　own　political　theory　apart　from　his　romantic
  and　philosophical　interest　in　Cyrus。
  C5。69。　Not　a　pleasant　picture　of　subject　and　ruling　race。　Cf。　the
  Austrians　in　Italy。
  C5。73。　The　Hellenic　｜｜　the　modern　theory；　but　more　rudely　expressed。
  The　conquerors　right　to　the　land　he　has　taken；　and　what　Cyrus　proceeds
  to　say　is　quite　up　to　the　modern　mark。
  C5。74。　Of　course　this　is　precisely　what　the　Persians　as　they
  degenerated　did　come　to；　nor　did　the　good　example　of　the　archic　man
  nor　his　precepts　nor　his　institutions　save　them。
  C5。77…79。　〃Military〃　theory　of　virtue：　almost　barbaric　（/ex　mea
  sententia/　hgd。）。　But　Xenophon　is　not　absolutely　=　Cyrus。
  C5。80　ff。　This　is　the　Socratico…Xenophontine　hedonism…and…stoicism
  combined。
  C5。82　ff。　A　noble　sermon　on　the　need　of　straining　every　nerve　to
  virtuous　training。　Splendidly　rhetorical　and　forceful。
  C5。84。　Cyrus　（i。e。　Xenophon）　is　aware　of　the　crisis　he　and　his　are
  going　through。　If　externalism　has　to　be　adopted　to　hedge　royalty；
  still　a　further　inner　change　is　demanded：　there　must　be　a
  corresponding　spiritual　growth。
  C5。86。　One　of　the　noblest　sayings　in　all　Xenophon。　The　one　somehow
  which　touches　me　most。　The　best　way　to　improve　ourselves　is　to　see
  that　we　set　our　boys　the　best　examples。
  BOOK　VIII
  ＇C。1＇　Such　were　the　words　of　Cyrus；　and　Chrysantas　rose　up　after　him；
  saying；　〃Gentlemen；　this　is　not　the　first　time　I　have　had　occasion　to
  observe　that　a　good　ruler　differs　in　no　respect　from　a　good　father。
  Even　as　a　father　takes　thought　that　blessings　may　never　fail　his
  children；　so　Cyrus　would　commend　to　us　the　ways　by　which　we　can
  preserve　our　happiness。　And　yet；　on　one　point；　it　seemed　to　me　he　had
  spoken　less　fully　than　he　might；　and　I　will　try　to　explain　it　for　the
  benefit　of　those　who　have　not　learnt　it。　＇2＇　I　would　have　you　ask
  yourselves；　was　ever　a　hostile　city　captured　by　an　undisciplined
  force？　Did　ever　an　undisciplined　garrison　save　a　friendly　town？　When
  discipline　was　gone；　did　ever　an　army　conquer？　Is　ever　disaster　nearer
  than　when　each　solider　thinks　about　his　private　safety　only？　Nay；　in
  peace　as　in　war；　can　any　good　be　gained　if　men　will　not　obey　their
  betters？　What　city　could　be　at　rest；　lawful；　and　orderly？　What
  household　could　be　safe？　What　ship　sail　h