conquered　him　before；　and　far　better　provided；　under　heaven；　with　all
  we　need。　＇15＇　I　ask　you　how　you　would　have　felt；　you　who　are　afraid
  now；　if　you　had　been　told　that　a　force　exactly　like　our　own　was
  marching　upon　us；　if　you　had　heard　that　men　who　had　conquered　us
  already　were　coming　now；　carrying　in　their　hearts　the　victory　they　had
  won；　if　you　knew　that　those　who　made　short　work　then　of　all　our　bows
  and　javelins　were　advancing　again；　and　others　with　them；　ten　thousand
  times　as　many？　＇16＇　Suppose　you　heard　that　the　very　men　who　had　routed
  our　infantry　once　were　coming　on　now　equipt　as　before；　but　this　time
  on　horseback；　scorning　arms　and　javelins；　each　man　armed　with　one
  stout　spear；　ready　to　charge　home？　＇17＇　Suppose　you　heard　of　chariots；
  made　on　a　new　pattern；　not　to　be　kept　motionless；　standing；　as
  hitherto；　with　their　backs　turned　to　the　foe　as　if　for　flight；　but
  with　the　horses　shielded　by　armour；　and　the　drivers　sheltered　by
  wooden　walls　and　protected　by　breastplates　and　helmets；　and　the　axles
  fitted　with　iron　scythes　so　that　they　can　charge　straight　into　the
  ranks　of　the　foe？　＇18＇　And　suppose　you　heard　that　they　have　camels　to
  ride　on；　each　one　of　which　would　scare　a　hundred　horses；　and　that　they
  will　bring　up　towers　from　which　to　help　their　own　friends；　and
  overwhelm　us　with　volleys　of　darts　so　that　we　cannot　fight　them　on
  level　ground？　＇19＇　If　this　were　what　you　had　heard　of　the　enemy；　I　as
  you；　once　again；　you　who　are　now　so　fearful　what　would　you　have　done？
  You　who　turn　pale　when　told　that　Croesus　has　been　chosen　commander…in…
  chief；　Croesus　who　proved　himself　so　much　more　cowardly　than　the
  Syrians；　that　when　they　were　worsted　in　battle　and　fled；　instead　of
  helping　them；　his　own　allies；　he　took　to　his　heels　himself。　＇20＇　We
  are　told；　moreover；　that　the　enemy　himself　does　not　feel　equal　to
  facing　you　alone；　he　is　hiring　others　to　fight　for　him　better　than　he
  could　for　himself。　I　can　only　say；　gentlemen；　that　if　any　individual
  considers　our　position　as　I　describe　it　alarming　or　unfavourable；　he
  had　better　leave　us。　Let　him　join　our　opponents；　he　will　do　us　far
  more　service　there　than　here。〃
  ＇21＇　When　Cyrus　had　ended；　Chrysantas　the　Persian　stood　up　and　said：
  〃Cyrus；　you　must　not　wonder　if　the　faces　of　some　were　clouded　when
  they　heard　the　news。　The　cloud　was　a　sign　of　annoyance；　not　of　fear。
  Just　as　if；〃　he　went　on；　〃a　company　were　expecting　breakfast
  immediately；　and　then　were　told　there　was　some　business　that　must　be
  got　through　first；　I　do　not　suppose　any　of　them　would　be　particularly
  pleased。　Here　we　were；　saying　to　ourselves　that　our　fortunes　were
  made；　and　now　we　are　informed　there　is　still　something　to　be　done；　and
  of　course　our　countenances　fell；　not　because　we　were　afraid；　but
  because　we　could　have　wished　it　all　over　and　done　with。　＇22＇　However；
  since　it　now　appears　that　Syria　is　not　to　be　the　only　prizethough
  there　is　much　to　be　got　in　Syria；　flocks　and　herds　and　corn　and　palm…
  trees　yielding　fruitbut　Lydia　as　well；　Lydia　the　land　of　wine　and
  oil　and　fig…trees；　Lydia；　to　whose　shores　the　sea　brings　more　good
  things　than　eyes　can　feast　on；　I　say　that　once　we　realise　this　we　can
  mope　no　longer；　our　spirits　will　rise　apace；　and　we　shall　hasten　to
  lay　our　hands　on　the　Lydian　wealth　without　delay。〃
  So　he　spoke；　and　the　allies　were　well　pleased　at　his　words　and　gave
  him　loud　applause。
  ＇23＇　〃Truly；　gentlemen；〃　said　Cyrus；　〃as　Chrysantas　says；　I　think　we
  ought　to　march　without　delay；　if　only　to　be　beforehand　with　our　foes；
  and　reach　their　magazines　before　they　do　themselves；　and　besides；　the
  quicker　we　are；　the　fewer　resources　we　shall　find　with　them。　＇24＇　That
  is　how　I　put　the　matter；　but　if　any　one　sees　a　safer　or　an　easier　way；
  let　him　instruct　us。〃
  But　many　speakers　followed；　all　urging　an　immediate　march；　without　one
  speech　in　opposition；　and　so　Cyrus　took　up　the　word　again　and　said：
  ＇25＇　〃My　friends　and　allies；　God　helping　us；　our　hearts；　our　bodies；
  and　our　weapons　have　now　been　long　prepared：　all　that　remains　is　to
  get　together　what　we　need　for　ourselves　and　our　animals　on　a　march　of
  at　least　twenty　days。　I　reckon　that　the　journey　itself　must　take　more
  than　fifteen；　and　not　a　vestige　of　food　shall　we　find　from　end　to　end。
  It　has　all　been　made　away　with；　partly　by　ourselves；　partly　by　our
  foes；　so　far　as　they　could。　＇26＇　We　must　collect　enough　corn；　without
  which　one　can　neither　fight　nor　live：　and　as　for　wine；　every　man　must
  carry　just　so　much　as　will　accustom　him　to　drink　water：　the　greater
  part　of　the　country　will　be　absolutely　devoid　of　wine；　and　the　largest
  supply　we　could　take　with　us　would　not　hold　out。　＇27＇　But　to　avoid　too
  sudden　a　change　and　the　sickness　that　might　follow；　this　is　what　we
  must　do。　We　must　begin　by　taking　water　with　our　food：　we　can　do　this
  without　any　great　change　in　our　habits。　＇28＇　For　every　one　who　eats
  porridge　has　the　oatmeal　mixed　with　water；　and　every　one　who　eats
  bread　has　the　wheat　soaked　in　water；　and　all　boiled　meat　is　prepared
  in　water。　We　shall　not　miss　the　wine　if　we　drink　a　little　after　the
  meal　is　done。　＇29＇　Then　we　must　gradually　lessen　the　amount；　until　we
  find　that；　without　knowing　it；　we　have　become　water…drinkers。　Gradual
  change　enables　every　creature　to　go　through　a　complete　conversion；　and
  this　is　taught　us　by　God；　who　leads　us　little　by　little　out　of　winter
  until　we　can　bear　the　blazing　heat　of　summer；　and　out　of　heat　back
  again　into　the　depths　of　winter。　So　should　we　follow　God；　and　take　one
  step　after　another　until　we　reach　our　goal。　＇30＇　What　you　might　spend
  on　heavy　rugs　and　coverlets　spend　rather　on　food：　any　superfluity
  there　will　not　be　wasted：　and　you　will　not　sleep　less　soundly　for　lack
  of　bedclothes；　if　you　do；　I　give　you　leave　to　blame　me。　But　with
  clothing　the　case　is　different：　a　man　can　hardly　have　too　much　of　that
  in　sickness　or　in　health。　＇31＇　And　for　seasoning　you　should　take　what
  is　sharp　and　dry　and　salted；　for　such　meats　are　more　appetising　and
  more　satisfying。　And　since　we　may　come　into　districts　as　yet　unravaged
  where　we　may　find　growing　corn；　we　ought　to　take　handmills　for
  grinding：　these　are　the　lightest　machines　for　the　purpose。　＇32＇　Nor
  must　we　forget　to　supply　ourselves　with　medicinesthey　are　small　in
  bulk　and；　if　need　arises；　invaluable。　And　we　ought　to　have　a　large
  supply　of　strapsI　wonder　what　is　not　fastened　by　a　strap　to　man　or
  horse？　But　straps　wear　out　and　get　broken　and　then　things　are　at　a
  standstill　unless　there　are　spare　ones　to　be　had。　＇33＇　Some　of　you
  have　learnt　to　shave　spears；　so　that　it　would　be　as　well　not　to　forget
  a　plane；　and　also　to　carry　a　rasp；　for　the　man　who　sharpens　a
  spearhead　will　sharpen　his　spirit　too。　He　will　feel　ashamed　to　whet
  the　edge　and　be　a　coward。　And　we　must　take　plenty　of　timber　for
  chariots　and　waggons；　there　is　bound　to　be　many　a　breakdown　on　the
  road。　＇34＇　Also　we　shall　need　the　most　necessary　tools　for　repairs；
  since　smiths　and　carpenters　are　not　to　be　found　at　every　turn；　but
  there　are　few　who　cannot　patch　up　a　makeshift　for　the　time。　Then　there
  should　be　a　mattock　and　a　shovel　apiece　for　every　waggon；　and　on　every
  beast　of　burden　a　billhook　and　an　axe；　always　useful　to　the　owner　and
  sometimes　a　boon　to　all。　＇35＇　The　provisions　must　be　seen　to　by　the
  officers　of　the　fighting…line；　they　must　inspect　the　men　under　their
  command　and　see　that　nothing　is　omitted　which　any　man　requires；　the
  omission　would　be　felt　by　us　all。　Those　of　you　who　are　in　command　of
  the　baggage…train　will　inspect　what　I　have　ordered　for　the　animals　and
  insist　upon　every　man　being　provided　who　is　not　already　supplied。　＇36＇
  You；　gentlemen；　who　are　in　command　of　the　road…makers；　you　have　the
  lists　of　the　soldiers　I　have　disqualified　from　serving　as　javelin…men；
  bowmen；　or　slingers；　and　you　will　make　the　old　javelin　men　march　with
  axes　for　felling　timber；　the　bowmen　with　mattocks；　and　the　slingers
  with　shovels。　They　will　advance　by　squads　in　front　of　the　waggons　so
  that　if　there　is　any　road…making　to　be　done　you　may　set　to　work　at
  once；　and　in　case　of　need　I　may　know　where　to　get　the　men　I　want。　＇37＇
  I　mean　also　to　take　a　corps　of　smiths；　carpenters；　and　cobblers；　men
  of　military　age；　provided　with　the　proper　tools；　to　supply　any
  possible　need。　These　men　will　not　be　in　the　fighting…line；　but　they
  will　have　a　place　assigned　to　them　where　they　can　be　hired　by　any　one
  who　likes。　＇38＇　If　any　huckster　wishes　to　follow　the　army　with　his
  wares；　he　may　do　so；　but　if　caught　selling　anything　during　the　fifteen
  days　for　which　provisions　have　been　ordered；　he　will　be　deprived　of
  all　his　goods：　after　the　fifteen　days　are　done　he　may　sell　what　he
  likes。　Any　merchant　who　offers　us　a　well…stocked　market　will　receive
  recompense　and　honour　from　the　allies　and　myself。　＇39＇　And　if　any　one
  needs　an　advance　of　money　for　trading；　he　must　send　me　guarantors　who
  will　undertake　that　he　will　march　with　the　army；　and　then　he　can　draw
  on　our　funds。　These　are　the　general　orders：　and　I　will　ask　any　of　you
  who　think　that　anything　has　been　omitted　to　point　it　out　to　me。　＇40＇
  You　will　now　go　back　to　your　quarters　and　make　your　preparations；　and
  while　you　do　so　I　will　offer　sacrifice　for　our　journey　and　when　the
  signs