第 32 节
作者:
嘟嘟 更新:2021-02-20 05:57 字数:9322
leave the young ones to guess out the way for themselves: if you told
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them that; then they would have a right to say; 〃Do you expect us to
believe that? That is much more wonderful than that the swallows should
sleep in the pond。〃
But is it?
Yes; to them。 They know that bats and dormice and other things
sleep all the winter; so why should not swallows sleep? They see the
swallows about the water; and often dipping almost into it。 They know that
fishes live under water; and that many insects like May…flies and caddis…
flies and water…beetleslive sometimes in the water; sometimes in the
open air; and they cannot knowyou do not knowwhat it is which
prevents a bird's living under water。 So their guess is really a very fair
one; no more silly than that of the savages; who when they first saw the
white men's ships; with their huge sails; fancied they were enormous sea…
birds; and when they heard the cannons fire; said that the ships spoke in
thunder and lightning。 Their guess was wrong; but not silly; for it was
the best guess they could make。
But I do know of one old woman who was silly。 She was a boy's
nurse; and she gave the boy a thing which she said was one of the snakes
which St。 Hilda turned into stone; and told him that they found plenty of
them at Whitby; where she was born; all coiled up; but what was very odd;
their heads had always been broken of。 And when he took it; to his father;
he told him it was only a fossil shellan Ammonite。 And he went back
and laughed at his nurse; and teased her till she was quite angry。
Then he was very lucky that she did not box his ears; for that was what
he deserved。 I dare say that; though his nurse had never heard of
Ammonites; she was a wise old dame enough; and knew a hundred things
which he did not know; and which were far more important than
Ammonites; even to him。
How?
Because if she had not known how to nurse him well; he would
perhaps have never grown up alive and strong。 And if she had not known
how to make him obey and speak the truth; he might have grown up a
naughty boy。
But was she not silly?
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MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
No。 She only believed what the Whitby folk; I understand; have
some of them believed for many hundred years。 And no one can be
blamed for thinking as his forefathers did; unless he has cause to know
better。
Surely she might have known better?
How? What reason could she have to believe the Ammonite was a
shell? It is not the least like cockles; or whelks; or any shell she ever
saw。
What reason either could she have to guess that Whitby cliff had once
been coral…mud; at the bottom of the sea? No more reason; my dear child;
than you would have to guess that this stone had been coral…mud likewise;
if I did not teach you so;or rather; try to make you teach yourself so。
No。 I say it again。 If you wish to learn; I will only teach you on
condition that you do not laugh at; or despise; those good and honest and
able people who do not know or care about these things; because they
have other things to think of: like old John out there ploughing。 He
would not believe youhe would hardly believe meif we told him that
this stone had been once a swarm of living things; of exquisite shapes and
glorious colours。 And yet he can plough and sow; and reap and mow; and
fell and strip; and hedge and ditch; and give his neighbours sound advice;
and take the measure of a man's worth from ten minutes' talk; and say his
prayers; and keep his temper; and pay his debts;which last three things
are more than a good many folks can do who fancy themselves a whole
world wiser than John in the smock…frock。
Oh; but I want to hear about the exquisite shapes and glorious colours。
Of course you do; little man。 A few fine epithets take your fancy far
more than a little common sense and common humility; but in that you are
no worse than some of your elders。 So now for the exquisite shapes and
glorious colours。 I have never seen them; though I trust to see them ere I
die。 So what they are like I can only tell from what I have learnt from Mr。
Darwin; and Mr。 Wallace; and Mr。 Jukes; and Mr。 Gosse; and last; but not
least; from one whose soul was as beautiful as his face; Lucas Barrett;
too soon lost to science;who was drowned in exploring such a coral…reef
as this stone was once。
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Then there are such things alive now?
Yes; and no。 The descendants of most of them live on; altered by
time; which alters all things; and from the beauty of the children we can
guess at the beauty of their ancestors; just as from the coral…reefs which
exist now we can guess how the coral…reefs of old were made。 And that
this stone was once part of a coral…reef the corals in it prove at first sight。
And what is a coral…reef like?
You have seen the room in the British Museum full of corals;
madrepores; brain…stones; corallines; and sea…ferns?
Oh yes。
Then fancy all those alive。 Not as they are now; white stone: but
covered in jelly; and out of every pore a little polype; like a flower;
peeping out。 Fancy them of every gaudy colour you choose。 No bed of
flowers; they say; can be more brilliant than the corals; as you look down
on them through the clear sea。 Fancy; again; growing among them and
crawling over them; strange sea…anemones; shells; star…fish; sea…slugs; and
sea…cucumbers with feathery gills; crabs; and shrimps; and hundreds of
other animals; all as strange in shape; and as brilliant in colour。 You may
let your fancy run wild。 Nothing so odd; nothing so gay; even entered
your dreams; or a poet's; as you may find alive at the bottom of the sea; in
the live flower…gardens of the sea…fairies。
There will be shoals of fish; too; playing in and out; as strange and
gaudy as the rest;parrot…fish who browse on the live coral with their
beak…like teeth; as cattle browse on grass; and at the bottom; it may be;
larger and uglier fish; who eat the crabs and shell…fish; shells and all;
grinding them up as a dog grinds a bone; and so turning shells and corals
into fine soft mud; such as this stone is partly made of。
But what happens to all the delicate little corals if a storm comes on?
What; indeed? Madam How has made them so well and wisely; that;
like brave and good men; the more trouble they suffer the stronger they are。
Day and night; week after week; the trade…wind blows upon them; hurling
the waves against them in furious surf; knocking off great lumps of coral;
grinding them to powder; throwing them over the reef into the shallow
water inside。 But the heavier the surf beats upon them; the stronger the
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polypes outside grow; repairing their broken houses; and building up fresh
coral on the dead coral below; because it is in the fresh sea… water that
beats upon the surf that they find most lime with which to build。 And as
they build they form a barrier against the surf; inside of which; in water
still as glass; the weaker and more delicate things can grow in safety; just
as these very Encrinites may have grown; rooted in the lime…mud; and
waving their slender arms at the bottom of the clear lagoon。 Such mighty
builders are these little coral polypes; that all the works of men are small
compared with theirs。 One single reef; for instance; which is entirely
made by t