第 31 节
作者:嘟嘟      更新:2021-02-20 05:57      字数:9318
  Yes。    I suppose they are not snakes。         And they grow out of a flower;
  too; and it has a stalk; jointed; too; as plants sometimes are; and as fishes'
  backbones are too。       Is it a petrified plant or flower?
  No; though I do not deny that it looks like one。              The creature most
  akin to it which you ever saw is a star…fish。
  What! one of the red star…fishes which one finds on the beach? Its arms
  are not branched。
  No。     But   there   are   star…fishes   with   branched   arms   still   in   the   sea。
  You know that pretty book (and learned book; too); Forbes's British Star…
  fishes?     You   like   to   look   it   through   for   the   sake   of   the   vignettes;the
  mermaid and her child playing in the sea。
  Oh yes; and the kind bogie who is piping while the sandstars dance;
  and the other who is trying to pull out the star…fish which the oyster has
  caught。
  Yes。    But do you recollect the drawing of the Medusa's head; with its
  curling   arms;   branched   again   and   again   without   end?   Here   it   is。 No;
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  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  you shall not look at the vignettes now。           We must mind business。           Now
  look at this one; the Feather…star; with arms almost like fern…fronds。               And
  in foreign seas there are many other branched star…fish beside。
  But they have no stalks?
  Do not be too sure of that。       This very feather…star; soon after it is born;
  grows a tiny stalk; by which it holds on to corallines and sea…weeds; and it
  is not till afterwards that it breaks loose from that stalk; and swims away
  freely into the wide water。        And in foreign seas there are several star…fish
  still who grow on stalks all their lives; as this fossil one did。
  How strange that a live animal should grow on a stalk; like a flower!
  Not quite like a flower。       A flower has roots; by which it feeds in the
  soil。   These things grow more like sea…weeds; which have no roots; but
  only hold on to the rock by the foot of the stalk; as a ship holds on by her
  anchor。     But   as   for   its   being   strange   that   live   animals   should   grow   on
  stalks; if it be strange it is common enough; like many far stranger things。
  For   under   the   water   are   millions   on   millions   of   creatures;   spreading   for
  miles on miles; building up at last great reefs of rocks; and whole islands;
  which all grow rooted first to the rock; like sea…weeds; and what is more;
  they   grow;   most   of   them;   from   one   common   root;   branching   again   and
  again; and every branchlet bearing hundreds of living creatures; so that the
  whole creation is at once one creature and many creatures。                  Do you not
  understand me?
  No。
  Then     fancy    to  yourself    a   bush   like   that   hawthorn     bush;    with
  numberless   blossoms;   and   every   blossom   on   that   bush   a   separate   living
  thing; with its own mouth; and arms; and stomach; budding and growing
  fresh live branches and fresh live flowers; as fast as the old ones die:              and
  then you will see better what I mean。
  How wonderful!
  Yes; but not more wonderful than your finger; for it; too; is made up of
  numberless living things。
  My finger made of living things?
  What else can it be?        When you cut your finger; does not the place
  heal?
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  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  Of course。
  And what is healing but growing again?               And how could the atoms of
  your   fingers   grow;   and   make   fresh   skin;   if   they   were   not   each   of   them
  alive?     There; I will not puzzle you with too much at once; you will know
  more about all that some day。            Only remember now; that there is nothing
  wonderful in the world outside you but has its counterpart of something
  just as wonderful; and perhaps more wonderful; inside you。                     Man is the
  microcosm; the little world; said the philosophers of old; and philosophers
  nowadays are beginning to see that their old guess is actual fact and true。
  But what are these curious sea…creatures called; which are animals; yet
  grow like plants?
  They have more names than I can tell you; or you remember。                       Those
  which helped to make this bit of stone are called coral…insects: but they are
  not   really   insects;   and   are   no   more   like   insects   than   you   are。  Coral…
  polypes   is   the   best   name   for   them;   because   they   have   arms   round   their
  mouths;   something   like   a   cuttle…fish;   which   the   ancients   called   Polypus。
  But   the   animal   which   you   have   seen   likest   to   most   of   them   is   a   sea…
  anemone。
  Look now at this piece of fresh coralfor coral it is; though not like
  the coral which your sister wears in her necklace。                  You see it is full of
  pipes; in each of those pipes has lived what we will call; for the time being;
  a   tiny  sea…anemone;   joined on to   his brothers   by  some   sort   of   flesh   and
  skin;   and   all   of   them  together  have   built   up;   out   of   the  lime   in   the   sea…
  water; this common house; or rather town; of lime。
  But is it not strange and wonderful?
  Of course it is:       but so is everything when you begin to look into it;
  and if I were to go on; and tell you what sort of young ones these coral…
  polypes have; and what becomes of them; you would hear such wonders;
  that   you   would   be   ready   to   suspect   that   I   was   inventing   nonsense;   or
  talking   in   my   dreams。     But   all   that   belongs   to   Madam   How's   deepest
  book     of  all;  which    is  called   the  BOOK      OF    KIND:      the   book    which
  children   cannot   understand;   and   in   which   only   the   very   wisest   men   are
  able to spell out   a few words; not knowing; and of   course not daring   to
  guess; what wonder may come next。
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  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  Now we will go back to our stone; and talk about how it was made;
  and   how   the   stalked   star…fish;   which   you   mistook   for   a   flower;   ever   got
  into the stone。
  Then do   you think me   silly  for fancying   that   a fossil star…fish   was   a
  flower?
  I should be silly if I did。         There is no silliness in not knowing what
  you cannot know。          You can only guess about new things; which you have
  never   seen   before;   by  comparing   them   with   old   things;   which   you   have
  seen before; and you had seen flowers; and snakes; and fishes' backbones;
  and   made   a   very   fair   guess   from   them。 After   all;   some   of   these   stalked
  star…fish are so like flowers; lilies especially; that they are called Encrinites;
  and   the   whole   family   is   called   Crinoids;   or   lily…like   creatures;   from   the
  Greek work KRINON; a lily; and as for corals and corallines; learned men;
  in spite of all their care and shrewdness; made mistake after mistake about
  them; which they had to correct again and again; till now; I trust; they have
  got at something very like the truth。 No; I shall only call you silly if you
  do what some   little boys are   apt to   docall other boys;   and; still   worse;
  servants or poor people; silly for not knowing what they cannot know。
  But are not poor people often very silly about animals and plants? The
  boys at the village school say that slowworms are poisonous; is not that
  silly?
  Not    at  all。   They     know     that   adders    bite;  and   so   they   think   that
  slowworms bite too。          They are wrong; and they must be told that they are
  wrong; and scolded if they kill a slowworm。                But silly they are not。
  But   is   it   not   silly   to   fancy   that   swallows   sleep   all   the   winter   at   the
  bottom of the pond?
  I do not think so。       The boys cannot know where the swallows go; and
  if   you   told   themwhat   is   truethat   the   swallows   find   their   way   every
  autumn through France; through Spain; over the Straits of Gibraltar; into
  Morocco;       and    some;    I  believe;    over   the   great   desert   of   Zahara    into
  Negroland:        and    if  you   told   themwhat      is  true   alsothat    the  young
  swallows actually find their way into Africa without having been along the
  road before; because the old swallows go south a week or two first; and
  leave  the   young ones   to guess   out   the  way  for  themselves: