第 6 节
作者:嘟嘟      更新:2021-02-20 05:57      字数:9322
  Thou   hast   created   all   things;   and   for   Thy   pleasure   they   are   and   were
  created。〃'
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  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  CHAPTER II
  EARTHQUAKES
  So?    You have been looking at that beautiful drawing of the ruin of
  Arica in the Illustrated London News:           and it has puzzled you and made
  you   sad。   You   want   to   know  why  God   killed   all   those   peoplemothers
  among them; too; and little children?
  Alas; my dear child! who am I that I should answer you that?
  Have you done wrong in asking me?               No; my dear child; no。        You
  have asked me because you are a human being and a child of God; and not
  merely a cleverer sort of animal; an ape who can read and write and cast
  accounts。     Therefore it is that you cannot be content; and ought not to be
  content; with asking how things happen; but must go on to ask why。                You
  cannot be content with knowing the causes of things; and if you knew all
  the natural science that ever was or ever will be known to men; that would
  not satisfy you; for it would only tell you the CAUSES of things; while
  your souls want to know the REASONS of things besides; and though I
  may not be able to tell you the reasons of things; or show you aught but a
  tiny glimpse here and there of that which I called the other day the glory
  of   Lady   Why;   yet   I   believe   that   somehow;   somewhen;   somewhere;   you
  will   learn   something   of   the   reason   of   things。 For   that   thirst   to   know
  WHY   was   put   into   the   hearts   of   little   children   by   God   Himself;   and   I
  believe   that   God   would   never   have given   them  that   thirst   if   He   had   not
  meant to satisfy it。
  Thereyou do not understand me。           I trust that you will understand me
  some day。      Meanwhile; I thinkI only say I THINKyou know I told you
  how humble we must be whenever we speak of Lady Whythat we may
  guess at something like a good reason for the terrible earthquakes in South
  America。      I do not wish to be hard upon poor people in great affliction:
  but I cannot help thinking that they have been doing for hundreds of years
  past   something   very   like   what   the   Bible   calls   〃tempting   God〃staking
  their property and their lives upon the chances of no earthquakes coming;
  while they ought to have known that an earthquake might come any day。
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  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  They have fulfilled (and little thought I that it would be fulfilled so soon)
  the parable that I told you once; of the nation of the Do… as…you…likes; who
  lived careless and happy at the foot of the burning mountain; and would
  not be warned by the smoke that came out of the top; or by the slag and
  cinders which lay all about them; till the mountain blew up; and destroyed
  them miserably。
  Then I think that they ought to have expected an earthquake。
  Wellit is not for us to judge any one; especially if they live in a part
  of the world in which we have not been ourselves。                  But I think that we
  know;   and   that   they   ought   to   have   known;   enough   about   earthquakes   to
  have been more prudent than they have been for many a year。                       At least
  we will hope that; though they would not learn their lesson till this year;
  they will learn it now; and will listen to the message which I think Madam
  How has brought them; spoken in a voice of thunder; and written in letters
  of flame。
  And what is that?
  My dear child; if the landlord of our house was in the habit of pulling
  the    roof   down     upon    our   heads;    and   putting    gunpowder       under    the
  foundations   to   blow   us   up;   do   you   not   think   we   should   know   what   he
  meant; even though he never spoke a word?                He would be very wrong in
  behaving so; of course:         but one thing would be certain;that he did not
  intend us to live in his house any longer if he could help it; and was giving
  us; in a very rough fashion; notice to quit。             And so it seems to me that
  these   poor   Spanish   Americans   have   received   from   the   Landlord   of   all
  landlords;   who   can   do   no   wrong;   such   a   notice   to   quit   as   perhaps   no
  people ever had before; which says to them in unmistakable words; 〃You
  must   leave   this   country:    or   perish。〃   And   I   believe   that   that   message;
  like all Lady Why's messages; is at heart a merciful and loving one; that if
  these   Spaniards   would   leave   the   western   coast   of   Peru;   and   cross   the
  Andes   into   the   green   forests   of   the   eastern   side   of   their   own   land;   they
  might not only live free from earthquakes; but (if they would only be good
  and industrious) become a great; rich; and happy nation; instead of the idle;
  and useless; and I am afraid not over good; people which they have been。
  For in that eastern part of their own land God's gifts are waiting for them;
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  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  in   a   paradise such   as   I   can   neither   describe   nor   you   conceive;precious
  woods;      fruits;  drugs;   and    what   notboundless       wealth;   in   one   word
  waiting for them to send it all down the waters of the mighty river Amazon;
  enriching us here in the Old World; and enriching themselves there in the
  New。     If  they   would    only    go  and    use   these   gifts  of  God;    instead    of
  neglecting   them   as   they   have   been   doing   for   now   three   hundred   years;
  they would be a blessing to the earth; instead of being that which they
  have been。
  God grant; my dear child; that these poor people may take the warning
  that has been sent to them; 〃The voice of God revealed in facts;〃 as the
  great   Lord   Bacon   would   have   called   it;   and   see   not   only   that   God   has
  bidden them leave the place where they are now; but has prepared for them;
  in their own land; a home a thousand times better than that in which they
  now live。
  But you ask; How ought they to have known that an earthquake would
  come?
  Well;    to   make    you    understand     that;   we   must    talk  a   little  about
  earthquakes; and what makes them; and in order to find out that; let us try
  the   very   simplest   cause   of   which   we   can   think。    That   is   the   wise   and
  scientific plan。
  Now; whatever makes these earthquakes must be enormously strong;
  that is certain。     And what is the strongest thing you know of in the world?
  Think 。 。 。
  Gunpowder?
  Well;   gunpowder   is   strong   sometimes:         but   not   always。     You   may
  carry  it   in   a   flask;   or   in   your   hand;   and   then   it   is   weak   enough。   It   only
  becomes strong by being turned into gas and steam。                  But steam is always
  strong。     And if you look at a railway engine; still more if you had ever
  seenwhich God forbid you shoulda boiler explosion; you would agree
  with me; that the strongest thing we know of in the world is steam。
  Now I think that we can explain almost; if not quite; all that we know
  about   earthquakes;   if   we   believe   that   on   the   whole   they   are   caused   by
  steam  and   other   gases   expanding;   that   is;   spreading   out;   with   wonderful
  quickness   and   strength。       Of   course   there   must   be   something   to   make
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  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  them expand; and that is HEAT。            But we will not talk of that yet。
  Now do you remember that riddle which I put to you the other day?… …
  〃What had the rattling of the lid of the kettle to do with Hartford Bridge
  Flat being lifted out of the ancient sea?〃
  The answer to the riddle; I believe; isSteam has done both。                 The lid
  of the kettle rattles; because the expanding steam escapes in little jets; and
  so causes a LID…QUAKE。              Now suppose that there was steam under the
  earth trying to escape; and the earth in one place was loose and yet hard;
  as the lid of the kettle is loose and yet hard; with cracks in it; it may be;
  like the crack between the edge of the lid and the edge of the kettle itself:
  might not the steam try to escape through the cracks; and rattle the surface
  of the earth; and so cause an EARTHQUAKE?
  So the   steam  would escape   generally  easily;  and w