We　need　to　exchange　our　products　for　other　products。　　It　is　our　right　that　this　exchange　should　be　one　of　equivalents；　and　since　we　consume　before　we　produce；　it　would　be　our　duty；　if　we　could　control　the　matter；　to　see　to　it　that　our　last　product　shall　follow　our　last　consumption。　　Suicide　is　fraudulent　bankruptcy。
  We　need　to　live　our　lives　according　to　the　dictates　of　our　reason。　　It　is　our　right　to　maintain　our　freedom。　　It　is　our　duty　to　respect　that　of　others。
  We　need　to　be　appreciated　by　our　fellows。　　It　is　our　duty　to　deserve　their　praise。　　It　is　our　right　to　be　judged　by　our　works。
  Liberty　is　not　opposed　to　the　rights　of　succession　and　bequest。　　It　contents　itself　with　preventing　violations　of　equality。　　〃Choose；〃　it　tells　us；　〃between　two　legacies；　but　do　not　take　them　both。〃　　All　our　legislation　concerning　transmissions；　entailments；　adoptions；　and；　if　I　may　venture　to　use　such　a　word；　COADJUTORERIES；　requires　remodelling。
  Liberty　favors　emulation；　instead　of　destroying　it。　　In　social　equality；　emulation　consists　in　accomplishing　under　like　conditions；　it　is　its　own　reward。　　No　one　suffers　by　the　victory。
  Liberty　applauds　self…sacrifice；　and　honors　it　with　its　votes；　but　it　can　dispense　with　it。　　Justice　alone　suffices　to　maintain　the　social　equilibrium。　　Self…sacrifice　is　an　act　of　supererogation。　　Happy；　however；　the　man　who　can　say；　〃I　sacrifice　myself。〃＇1＇
  ＇1＇　　In　a　monthly　publication；　the　first　number　of　which　has　just　appeared　under　the　name　of　〃L'Egalitaire；〃　self…sacrifice　is　laid　down　as　a　principle　of　equality。　　This　is　a　confusion　of　ideas。　　Self…sacrifice；　taken　alone；　is　the　last　degree　of　inequality。　　To　seek　equality　in　self…sacrifice　is　to　confess　that　equality　is　against　nature。　　Equality　must　be　based　upon　justice；　upon　strict　right；　upon　the　principles　invoked　by　the　proprietor　himself；　otherwise　it　will　never　exist。　　Self…sacrifice　is　superior　to　justice；　but　it　cannot　be　imposed　as　law；　because　it　is　of　such　a　nature　as　to　admit　of　no　reward。　　It　is；　indeed；　desirable　that　everybody　shall　recognize　the　necessity　of　self…sacrifice；　and　the　idea　of　〃L'Egalitaire〃　is　an　excellent　example。　　Unfortunately；　it　can　have　no　effect。　　What　would　you　reply；　indeed；　to　a　man　who　should　say　to　you；　〃I　do　not　want　to　sacrifice　myself〃？　　Is　he　to　be　compelled　to　do　so？　　When　self…　sacrifice　is　forced；　it　becomes　oppression；　slavery；　the　exploitation　of　man　by　man。　　Thus　have　the　proletaires　sacrificed　themselves　to　property。
  Liberty　is　essentially　an　organizing　force。　　To　insure　equality　between　men　and　peace　among　nations；　agriculture　and　industry；　and　the　centres　of　education；　business；　and　storage；　must　be　distributed　according　to　the　climate　and　the　geographical　position　of　the　country；　the　nature　of　the　products；　the　character　and　natural　talents　of　the　inhabitants；　&c。；　in　proportions　so　just；　so　wise；　so　harmonious；　that　in　no　place　shall　there　ever　be　either　an　excess　or　a　lack　of　population；　consumption；　and　products。　　There　commences　the　science　of　public　and　private　right；　the　true　political　economy。　　It　is　for　the　writers　on　jurisprudence；　henceforth　unembarrassed　by　the　false　principle　of　property；　to　describe　the　new　laws；　and　bring　peace　upon　earth。　　Knowledge　and　genius　they　do　not　lack；　the　foundation　is　now　laid　for　them。＇1＇
  ＇1＇　The　disciples　of　Fourier　have　long　seemed　to　me　the　most　advanced　of　all　modern　socialists；　and　almost　the　only　ones　worthy　of　the　name。　　If　they　had　understood　the　nature　of　their　task；　spoken　to　the　people；　awakened　their　sympathies；　and　kept　silence　when　they　did　not　understand；　if　they　had　made　less　extravagant　pretensions；　and　had　shown　more　respect　for　public　intelligence；perhaps　the　reform　would　now；　thanks　to　them；　be　in　progress。　　But　why　are　these　earnest　reformers　continually　bowing　to　power　and　wealth；that　is；　to　all　that　is　anti…　reformatory？　　How；　in　a　thinking　age；　can　they　fail　to　see　that　the　world　must　be　converted　by　DEMONSTRATION；　not　by　myths　and　allegories？　　Why　do　they；　the　deadly　enemies　of　civilization；　borrow　from　it；　nevertheless；　its　most　pernicious　fruits；　property；　inequality　of　fortune　and　rank；　gluttony；　concubinage；　prostitution；　what　do　I　know？　theurgy；　magic；　and　sorcery？　　Why　these　endless　denunciations　of　morality；　metaphysics；　and　psychology；　when　the　abuse　of　these　sciences；　which　they　do　not　understand；　constitutes　their　whole　system？　　Why　this　mania　for　deifying　a　man　whose　principal　merit　consisted　in　talking　nonsense　about　things　whose　names；　even；　he　did　not　know；　in　the　strongest　language　ever　put　upon　paper？　　Whoever　admits　the　infallibility　of　a　man　becomes　thereby　incapable　of　instructing　others。　　Whoever　denies　his　own　reason　will　soon　proscribe　free　thought。　　The　phalansterians　would　not　fail　to　do　it　if　they　had　the　power。　　Let　them　condescend　to　reason；　let　them　proceed　systematically；　let　them　give　us　demonstrations　instead　of　revelations；　and　we　will　listen　willingly。　　Then　let　them　organize　manufactures；　agriculture；　and　commerce；　let　them　make　labor　attractive；　and　the　most　humble　functions　honorable；　and　our　praise　shall　be　theirs。　　Above　all；　let　them　throw　off　that　Illuminism　which　gives　them　the　appearance　of　impostors　or　dupes；　rather　than　believers　and　apostles。
  I　have　accomplished　my　task；　property　is　conquered；　never　again　to　arise。　　Wherever　this　work　is　read　and　discussed；　there　will　be　deposited　the　germ　of　death　to　property；　there；　sooner　or　later；　privilege　and　servitude　will　disappear；　and　the　despotism　of　will　will　give　place　to　the　reign　of　reason。　　What　sophisms；　indeed；　what　prejudices　（however　obstinate）　can　stand　before　the　simplicity　of　the　following　propositions：
  I。　Individual　POSSESSION＇1＇　is　the　condition　of　social　life；　five　thousand　years　of　property　demonstrate　it。　　PROPERTY　is　the　suicide　of　society。　　Possession　is　a　right；　property　is　against　right。　　Suppress　property　while　maintaining　possession；　and；　by　this　simple　modification　of　the　principle；　you　will　revolutionize　law；　government；　economy；　and　institutions；　you　will　drive　evil　from　the　face　of　the　earth。
  ＇1＇　　Individual　possession　is　no　obstacle　to　extensive　cultivation　and　unity　of　exploitation。　　If　I　have　not　spoken　of　the　drawbacks　arising　from　small　estates；　it　is　because　I　thought　it　useless　to　repeat　what　so　many　others　have　said；　and　what　by　this　time　all　the　world　must　know。　　But　I　am　surprised　that　the　economists；　who　have　so　clearly　shown　the　disadvantages　of　spade…　husbandry；　have　failed　to　see　that　it　is　caused　entirely　by　property；　above　all；　that　they　have　not　perceived　that　their　plan　for　mobilizing　the　soil　is　a　first　step　towards　the　abolition　of　property。
  II。　All　having　an　equal　right　of　occupancy；　possession　varies　with　the　number　of　possessors；　property　cannot　establish　itself。
  III。　The　effect　of　labor　being　the　same　for　all；　property　is　lost　in　the　common　prosperity。
  IV。　All　human　labor　being　the　result　of　collective　force；　all　property　becomes；　in　consequence；　collective　and　unitary。　　To　speak　more　exactly；　labor　destroys　property。
  V。　Every　capacity　for　labor　being；　like　every　instrument　of　labor；　an　accumulated　capital；　and　a　collective　property；　inequality　of　wages　and　fortunes　（on　the　ground　of　inequality　of　capacities）　is；　therefore；　injustice　and　robbery。
  VI。　The　necessary　conditions　of　commerce　are　the　liberty　of　the　contracting　parties　and　the　equivalence　of　the　products　exchanged。　　Now；　value　being　expressed　by　the　amount　of　time　and　outlay　which　each　product　costs；　and　liberty　being　inviolable；　the　wages　of　laborers　（like　their　rights　and　duties）　should　be　equal。
  VII。　Products　are　bought　only　by　products。　　Now；　the　condition　of　all　exchange　being　equivalence　of　products；　profit　is　impossible　and　unjust。　　Observe　this　elementary　principle　of　economy；　and　pauperism；　luxury；　oppression；　vice；　crime；　and　hunger　will　disappear　from　our　midst。
  VIII。　Men　are　associated　by　the　physical　and　mathematical　law　of　production；　before　they　are　voluntarily　associated　by　choice。　　Therefore；　equality　of　conditions　is　demanded　by　justice；　that　is；　by　strict　social　law：　esteem；　friendship；　gratitude；　admiration；　all　fall　within　the　domain　of　EQUITABLE　or　PROPORTIONAL　law　only。
  IX。　Free　association；　libertywhose　sole　function　is　to　maintain　equality　in　the　means　of　production　and　equivalence　in　exchangesis　the　only　possible；　the　only　just；　the　only　true　form　of　society。
  X。　Politics　is　the　science　of　liberty。　　The　government　of　man　by　man　（under　whatever　name　it　be　disguised）　is　oppression。　　Society　finds　its　highest　perfection　in　the　union　of　order　with　anarchy。
  The　old　civilization　has　run　its　race；　a　new　sun　is　rising；　and　will　soon　renew　the　face　of　the　earth。　　Let　the　present　generation　perish；　let　the　old　prevaricators　die　in　the　desert！　the　holy　earth　shall　not　cover　their　bones。　　Young　man；　exasperated　by　the　corruption　of　the　age；　and　absorbed　in　your　zeal　for　justice！if　your　country　is　dear　to　you；　and　if　you　have　the　interests　of　humanity　at　heart；　have　the　courage　to　espouse　the　cause　of　liberty！　　Cast　off　your　old　selfishness；　and　plunge　into　the　rising　flood　of　popular　equality！　　There　your　regenerate　soul　will　acquire　new　life　and　vigo