And　I：　〃My　Master；　what　are　all　those　people
  Who；　having　sepulture　within　those　tombs；
  Make　themselves　audible　by　doleful　sighs？〃
  And　he　to　me：　〃Here　are　the　Heresiarchs；
  With　their　disciples　of　all　sects；　and　much
  More　than　thou　thinkest　laden　are　the　tombs。
  Here　like　together　with　its　like　is　buried；
  And　more　and　less　the　monuments　are　heated。〃
  And　when　he　to　the　right　had　turned；　we　passed
  Between　the　torments　and　high　parapets。
  Inferno：　Canto　X
  Now　onward　goes；　along　a　narrow　path
  Between　the　torments　and　the　city　wall；
  My　Master；　and　I　follow　at　his　back。
  〃O　power　supreme；　that　through　these　impious　circles
  Turnest　me；〃　I　began；　〃as　pleases　thee；
  Speak　to　me；　and　my　longings　satisfy；
  The　people　who　are　lying　in　these　tombs；
  Might　they　be　seen？　already　are　uplifted
  The　covers　all；　and　no　one　keepeth　guard。〃
  And　he　to　me：　〃They　all　will　be　closed　up
  When　from　Jehoshaphat　they　shall　return
  Here　with　the　bodies　they　have　left　above。
  Their　cemetery　have　upon　this　side
  With　Epicurus　all　his　followers；
  Who　with　the　body　mortal　make　the　soul；
  But　in　the　question　thou　dost　put　to　me；
  Within　here　shalt　thou　soon　be　satisfied；
  And　likewise　in　the　wish　thou　keepest　silent。〃
  And　I：　〃Good　Leader；　I　but　keep　concealed
  From　thee　my　heart；　that　I　may　speak　the　less；
  Nor　only　now　hast　thou　thereto　disposed　me。〃
  〃O　Tuscan；　thou　who　through　the　city　of　fire
  Goest　alive；　thus　speaking　modestly；
  Be　pleased　to　stay　thy　footsteps　in　this　place。
  Thy　mode　of　speaking　makes　thee　manifest
  A　native　of　that　noble　fatherland；
  To　which　perhaps　I　too　molestful　was。〃
  Upon　a　sudden　issued　forth　this　sound
  From　out　one　of　the　tombs；　wherefore　I　pressed；
  Fearing；　a　little　nearer　to　my　Leader。
  And　unto　me　he　said：　〃Turn　thee；　what　dost　thou？
  Behold　there　Farinata　who　has　risen；
  From　the　waist　upwards　wholly　shalt　thou　see　him。〃
  I　had　already　fixed　mine　eyes　on　his；
  And　he　uprose　erect　with　breast　and　front
  E'en　as　if　Hell　he　had　in　great　despite。
  And　with　courageous　hands　and　prompt　my　Leader
  Thrust　me　between　the　sepulchres　towards　him；
  Exclaiming；　〃Let　thy　words　explicit　be。〃
  As　soon　as　I　was　at　the　foot　of　his　tomb
  Somewhat　he　eyed　me；　and；　as　if　disdainful；
  Then　asked　of　me；　〃Who　were　thine　ancestors？〃
  I；　who　desirous　of　obeying　was；
  Concealed　it　not；　but　all　revealed　to　him；
  Whereat　he　raised　his　brows　a　little　upward。
  Then　said　he：　〃Fiercely　adverse　have　they　been
  To　me；　and　to　my　fathers；　and　my　party；
  So　that　two　several　times　I　scattered　them。〃
  〃If　they　were　banished；　they　returned　on　all　sides；〃
  I　answered　him；　〃the　first　time　and　the　second；
  But　yours　have　not　acquired　that　art　aright。〃
  Then　there　uprose　upon　the　sight；　uncovered
  Down　to　the　chin；　a　shadow　at　his　side；
  I　think　that　he　had　risen　on　his　knees。
  Round　me　he　gazed；　as　if　solicitude
  He　had　to　see　if　some　one　else　were　with　me；
  But　after　his　suspicion　was　all　spent；
  Weeping；　he　said　to　me：　〃If　through　this　blind
  Prison　thou　goest　by　loftiness　of　genius；
  Where　is　my　son？　and　why　is　he　not　with　thee？〃
  And　I　to　him：　〃I　come　not　of　myself；
  He　who　is　waiting　yonder　leads　me　here；
  Whom　in　disdain　perhaps　your　Guido　had。〃
  His　language　and　the　mode　of　punishment
  Already　unto　me　had　read　his　name；
  On　that　account　my　answer　was　so　full。
  Up　starting　suddenly；　he　cried　out：　〃How
  Saidst　thou；he　had？　　Is　he　not　still　alive？
  Does　not　the　sweet　light　strike　upon　his　eyes？〃
  When　he　became　aware　of　some　delay；
  Which　I　before　my　answer　made；　supine
  He　fell　again；　and　forth　appeared　no　more。
  But　the　other；　magnanimous；　at　whose　desire
  I　had　remained；　did　not　his　aspect　change；
  Neither　his　neck　he　moved；　nor　bent　his　side。
  〃And　if；〃　continuing　his　first　discourse；
  〃They　have　that　art；〃　he　said；　〃not　learned　aright；
  That　more　tormenteth　me；　than　doth　this　bed。
  But　fifty　times　shall　not　rekindled　be
  The　countenance　of　the　Lady　who　reigns　here；
  Ere　thou　shalt　know　how　heavy　is　that　art；
  And　as　thou　wouldst　to　the　sweet　world　return；
  Say　why　that　people　is　so　pitiless
  Against　my　race　in　each　one　of　its　laws？〃
  Whence　I　to　him：　〃The　slaughter　and　great　carnage
  Which　have　with　crimson　stained　the　Arbia；　cause
  Such　orisons　in　our　temple　to　be　made。〃
  After　his　head　he　with　a　sigh　had　shaken；
  〃There　I　was　not　alone；〃　he　said；　〃nor　surely
  Without　a　cause　had　with　the　others　moved。
  But　there　I　was　alone；　where　every　one
  Consented　to　the　laying　waste　of　Florence；
  He　who　defended　her　with　open　face。〃
  〃Ah！　so　hereafter　may　your　seed　repose；〃
  I　him　entreated；　〃solve　for　me　that　knot；
  Which　has　entangled　my　conceptions　here。
  It　seems　that　you　can　see；　if　I　hear　rightly；
  Beforehand　whatsoe'er　time　brings　with　it；
  And　in　the　present　have　another　mode。〃
  〃We　see；　like　those　who　have　imperfect　sight；
  The　things；〃　he　said；　〃that　distant　are　from　us；
  So　much　still　shines　on　us　the　Sovereign　Ruler。
  When　they　draw　near；　or　are；　is　wholly　vain
  Our　intellect；　and　if　none　brings　it　to　us；
  Not　anything　know　we　of　your　human　state。
  Hence　thou　canst　understand；　that　wholly　dead
  Will　be　our　knowledge　from　the　moment　when
  The　portal　of　the　future　shall　be　closed。〃
  Then　I；　as　if　compunctious　for　my　fault；
  Said：　〃Now；　then；　you　will　tell　that　fallen　one；
  That　still　his　son　is　with　the　living　joined。
  And　if　just　now；　in　answering；　I　was　dumb；
  Tell　him　I　did　it　because　I　was　thinking
  Already　of　the　error　you　have　solved　me。〃
  And　now　my　Master　was　recalling　me；
  Wherefore　more　eagerly　I　prayed　the　spirit
  That　he　would　tell　me　who　was　with　him　there。
  He　said：　〃With　more　than　a　thousand　here　I　lie；
  Within　here　is　the　second　Frederick；
  And　the　Cardinal；　and　of　the　rest　I　speak　not。〃
  Thereon　he　hid　himself；　and　I　towards
  The　ancient　poet　turned　my　steps；　reflecting
  Upon　that　saying；　which　seemed　hostile　to　me。
  He　moved　along；　and　afterward　thus　going；
  He　said　to　me；　〃Why　art　thou　so　bewildered？〃
  And　I　in　his　inquiry　satisfied　him。
  〃Let　memory　preserve　what　thou　hast　heard
  Against　thyself；〃　that　Sage　commanded　me；
  〃And　now　attend　here；〃　and　he　raised　his　finger。
  〃When　thou　shalt　be　before　the　radiance　sweet
  Of　her　whose　beauteous　eyes　all　things　behold；
  From　her　thou'lt　know　the　journey　of　thy　life。〃
  Unto　the　left　hand　then　he　turned　his　feet；
  We　left　the　wall；　and　went　towards　the　middle；
  Along　a　path　that　strikes　into　a　valley；
  Which　even　up　there　unpleasant　made　its　stench。
  Inferno：　Canto　XI
  Upon　the　margin　of　a　lofty　bank
  Which　great　rocks　broken　in　a　circle　made；
  We　came　upon　a　still　more　cruel　throng；
  And　there；　by　reason　of　the　horrible
  Excess　of　stench　the　deep　abyss　throws　out；
  We　drew　ourselves　aside　behind　the　cover
  Of　a　great　tomb；　whereon　I　saw　a　writing；
  Which　said：　〃Pope　Anastasius　I　hold；
  Whom　out　of　the　right　way　Photinus　drew。〃
  〃Slow　it　behoveth　our　descent　to　be；
  So　that　the　sense　be　first　a　little　used
  To　the　sad　blast；　and　then　we　shall　not　heed　it。〃
  The　Master　thus；　and　unto　him　I　said；
  〃Some　compensation　find；　that　the　time　pass　not
  Idly；〃　and　he：　〃Thou　seest　I　think　of　that。
  My　son；　upon　the　inside　of　these　rocks；〃
  Began　he　then　to　say；　〃are　three　small　circles；
  From　grade　to　grade；　like　those　which　thou　art　leaving。
  They　all　are　full　of　spirits　maledict；
  But　that　hereafter　sight　alone　suffice　thee；
  Hear　how　and　wherefore　they　are　in　constraint。
  Of　every　malice　that　wins　hate　in　Heaven；
  Injury　is　the　end；　and　all　such　end
  Either　by　force　or　fraud　afflicteth　others。
  But　because　fraud　is　man's　peculiar　vice；
  More　it　displeases　God；　and　so　stand　lowest
  The　fraudulent；　and　greater　dole　assails　them。
  All　the　first　circle　of　the　Violent　is；
  But　since　force　may　be　used　against　three　persons；
  In　three　rounds　'tis　divided　and　constructed。
  To　God；　to　ourselves；　and　to　our　neighbour　can　we
  Use　force；　I　say　on　them　and　on　their　things；
  As　thou　shalt　hear　with　reason　manifest。
  A　death　by　violence；　and　painful　wounds；
  Are　to　our　neighbour　given；　and　in　his　substance
  Ruin；　and　arson；　and　injurious　levies；
  Whence　homicides；　and　he　who　smites　unjustly；
  Marauders；　and　freebooters；　the　first　round
  Tormenteth　all　in　companies　diverse。
  Man　may　lay　violent　hands　upon　himself
  And　his　own　goods；　and　therefore　in　the　second
  Round　must　perforce　without　avail　repent
  Whoever　of　your　world　deprives　himself；
  Who　games；　and　dissipates　his　property；
  And　weepeth　there；　where　he　should　jocund　be。
  Violence　can　be　done　the　Deity；
  In　heart　denying　and　blaspheming　Him；
  And　by　disdaining　Nature　and　her　bounty。
  And　for　this　reason　doth　the　smallest　round
  Seal　with　its　signet　Sodom　and　Cahors；
  And　who；　disdaining　God；　speaks　from　the　heart。
  Fraud；　wherewithal　is　every　conscience　stung；
  A　man　may　practise　upon　him　who　trusts；
  And　him　who　doth　no　confidence　imburse。
  This　latter　mode；　it　would　appear；　dissevers
  Only　the　bond　of　love　which　Nature　makes；
  Wherefore　within　t