第 9 节
作者:
无边的寒冷 更新:2021-02-20 04:47 字数:9322
long; yellow (sometimes reddish tinged): fruit ovate or subglobose; green:
seeds large (3 mm。 long); flat and obovate; red。Type unknown; that of the
old var。 valida is the Wright material in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
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Sandy ridges; southwestern Texas; from Eagle Pass and head of the
Limpia to El Paso; and southward into Chihuahua; Coahuila; and San Luis
Potosi; also southern Mexico (fide Hemsley)。Fl。 July。
Specimens examined: Texas (Wright 416; 478; of 1851; 1852; Evans
of 1891): San Luis Potosi (Eschanzier of 1891)。
The var。 valida was described by Dr。 Engelmann without having seen
C。 scheerii; the only knowledge of that species being obtained from the
description of Prince Salm…Dyck in Cact。 Hort。 Dyck。; which seemed to
indicate a smaller form; with fewer spines than the Texan form。However;
when visiting the collections of Prince Salm…Dyck; Dr。 Engelmann found
original specimens of C。 scheerii which were exactly his var。 valida。So far
as collections show the Texan form seems to be more robust than the
Mexican; but the material is too scanty to justify such a generalization。Dr。
Engelmann speaks of this species as 〃a stately plant; by far the largest; of
the northern Mamillariae〃Its tubercles are bright green and in beautiful
contrast with the showy yellow spines。
41。 Cactus robustispinus (Schott) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 (1891)。
Mamillaria robustispinaSchott in Engelm。 Syn。 Cact。 265 (1856)。
A large stout plant; simple or cespitose: tubercles large; subterete;
nearly 2。5 cm。 long (and about the same distance from each other): radial
spines 12 to 15; stout and rigid; 18 to 30 mm。 long; the lower ones the
stouter; more dusky; straight or often curved downwards; the upper
straight and fascicled; the solitary central spine stout; compressed; curved
downwards (occasionally an additional straighter upper one); not much
longer than the radials; the base nearly 2 mm。 wide; all the spines horny
and black…tipped; flowers 3。5 to 5 cm。 long with very slender and
constricted tube; saffron…yellow: fruit green seeds large (3 to 3。2 mm; long
and 2 mm。 in diameter); obliquely obovate and curved; smooth and
brownish。 (Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 74。 fig。 8; seeds)Type; Schott
specimens in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
〃On grassy prairies on the south side of the Babuquibari Mountains;〃
Sonora。Fl。 July。
Specimens examined: Sonora (Schott of 1853…4)。
Dr。 Engelmann remarks that the seeds of this species are larger than
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North American Species of Cactus
those of any other Mamillaria known to him。
42。 Cactus recurvatus (Engelm。) Kuntze Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 259 (1891)。
Mamillaria recurvispinaEngelm。 Syn。 Cact。 265 (1856); not
Vries。Mamillaria recurvataEngelm。 Trans。 St。 Louis Acad。 ii。 202 (1863)。
Globose or depressed…globose; 7。5 to 20 cm。 in diameter; simple:
tubercles ovate; deeply grooved; crowded; somewhat imbricate; 10 to 12
mm。 long: radial spines 12 to 20; bulbous at base; compressed; rigid;
recurved or flexuous; 8 to 18 mm。 long; whitish or horny; interwoven with
adjacent clusters; central spine solitary (sometimes an additional upper
one); stouter and longer (12 to 20 mm。); dark; mostly strongly recurved
and appressed (rarely straightish): flowers about 3。5 cm。 long; yellow
(brownish…tinged outside): fruit unknown。Type; Schott specimens in Herb。
Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
From Sonora to southern Mexico。Fl。 June…August。
Specimens examined: Sonora (Schott of 1855)。
43。 Cactus salm…dyckianus(Scheer) Kuntze。 Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261
(1891)。
Mamillaria salm…dyckianaScheer in Salm; Cact。 Hort。 Dyck。 134
(1850)。
Subglobose: tubercles very broad and retuse; almost 2…parted by the
tomentose groove; with axillary floccose wool: radial spines 7 or 8; very
rigid; widely radiant; somewhat curved; 3 to 3。5 cm。 long; in older
tubercles 3 to 6 additional slender and straight or twisted spines; the
solitary central spine very stout; erect; almost 5 cm。 long: flowers and fruit
unknown。Type: Scheer says that this plant; brought from Chihuahua by
Potts; 〃unfortunately perished;〃 and the description was drawn from
fragments; which in those days were not apt to be preserved。
Chihuahua。
Specimens examined: Chihuahua (〃Salm of 1857 〃)。
The specimen referred to is in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。; and reveals no
additional characters; nor can the label be interpreted; except that it
indicates that the specimen is from plants cultivated successfully in the
gardens of Prince Salm…Dyck。
++ Flower and fruit remaining central in the very woolly vertexof the
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plant。++ Central spine solitary or wanting。
44。 Cactus compactus (Engelm。) Kuntze Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 260 (1891)。
Mamillaria compactaEngelm。 Wisliz。 Rep。 21 (1848)。
Depressed…globose; 5 to 10 cm。 in diameter; simple: tubercles short…
conical; crowded; 8 mm。 long: radial spines 13 to 16; rigid; recurved and
appressed; interwoven with adjacent clusters; whitish or horny; 10 to 20
mm。 long; the erect central spine often wanting: flowers 3 to 3。5 cm。 long
and broad; yellow (brownish without): fruit oval; green: seeds 1。4 mm。
long; smooth and yellow。 (Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 74。 fig。 2; seeds)Type;
Wislizenus of 1846 in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
Mountains of Chihuahua。Fl。 June…July。
Specimens examined: Chihuahua (Wislizenus of 1846): also
specimens cultivated in St。 Louis in 1848; 1850; 1854。
45。 Cactus radians。 (DC。) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 (1891)。
Mamillaria radiansDC。 Rev。 Cact。 111 (1829)。Mamillaria
pectinataEngelm Syn。 Cact。 266 (1856)。
Globose; 3。5 to 7。5 cm。 in diameter; simple: tubercles conical; from a
4…angled base; lower ones short (4 to 6 mm。); upper flower…bearing ones
longer (10 to 12 mm。); terete and grooved: radial spines 16 to 24;
somewhat recurved from a bulbous compressed base; stiff and pectinate;
horny or whitish (at length ashy); interwoven with adjacent clusters; those
on lower tubercles about equal (6 to 10 mm。); on flower…bearing tubercles
elongated; mixed with a few stouter ones and fasciculated (lower ones 10
to 12 mm。 long; upper ones 12 to 18 mm。 long and forming an apical tuft);
centrals none: flowers over 5 cm。 long and about 6 to 7。5 cm。 in diameter
when expanded; bright sulphur…yellow: fruit ovate and green; about 12
mm。 long: seeds compressed; brownish smooth and shining; 1。8 mm。 long。
(Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 11)Type unknown; that of M。 pectinata Engelm。
is the Wright material in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
Extending from the hills along the Lower Pecos to El Paso;
southwestern Texas; southward through Coahuila and San Luis Potosi to
southern Mexico。
Specimens examined: Texas (Wright 226 of 1849; also of 1852; Evans
of 1891): Coahuila (Palmer of 1880; Mrs。 Nickels): San Luis Potosi (Parry
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& Palmer 265; Eschanzier of 1891): also specimens cultivated in St。 Louis
in 1853; in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 in 1892; and in Harv。 Bot Gard。
Even in the absence of the type I have ventured to refer Mamillaria
pectinata Engelm。 to this species。Dr。 Engelmann had concluded that the
two were 〃not sufficiently distinct;〃 and the examination of Mexican
forms which pass as C。 radians abundantly confirms this
conclusion。Besides; every character in the original description of C。
radians applies exactly to these Mexican plants and to our Texan
specimens as well。Aside from the fact that the Mexican spe