第 9 节
作者:无边的寒冷      更新:2021-02-20 04:47      字数:9322
  long; yellow (sometimes reddish tinged): fruit ovate or subglobose; green:
  seeds large (3 mm。 long); flat and obovate; red。Type unknown; that of the
  old var。 valida is the Wright material in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
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  North American Species of Cactus
  Sandy   ridges;   southwestern   Texas;   from   Eagle   Pass   and   head   of   the
  Limpia to El Paso; and southward into Chihuahua; Coahuila; and San Luis
  Potosi; also southern Mexico (fide Hemsley)。Fl。 July。
  Specimens examined: Texas (Wright 416; 478; of 1851; 1852; Evans
  of 1891): San Luis Potosi (Eschanzier of 1891)。
  The var。 valida was described by Dr。 Engelmann without having seen
  C。   scheerii;   the   only  knowledge   of   that   species   being   obtained   from   the
  description of   Prince   Salm…Dyck   in   Cact。 Hort。   Dyck。;   which seemed   to
  indicate a smaller form; with fewer spines than the Texan form。However;
  when visiting the collections of Prince Salm…Dyck; Dr。 Engelmann found
  original specimens of C。 scheerii which were exactly his var。 valida。So far
  as   collections   show   the   Texan   form   seems   to   be   more   robust   than   the
  Mexican; but the material is too scanty to justify such a generalization。Dr。
  Engelmann speaks of this species as 〃a stately plant; by far the largest; of
  the   northern   Mamillariae〃Its   tubercles   are   bright   green   and   in   beautiful
  contrast with the showy yellow spines。
  41。 Cactus robustispinus (Schott) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 (1891)。
  Mamillaria robustispinaSchott in Engelm。 Syn。 Cact。 265 (1856)。
  A   large   stout   plant;   simple   or   cespitose:   tubercles   large;   subterete;
  nearly 2。5 cm。 long (and about the same distance from each other): radial
  spines 12   to   15;  stout   and   rigid; 18   to   30   mm。   long;   the  lower  ones   the
  stouter;    more    dusky;    straight    or  often    curved    downwards;       the   upper
  straight and fascicled; the solitary central spine stout; compressed; curved
  downwards   (occasionally   an   additional   straighter   upper   one);   not   much
  longer than the radials; the base nearly 2 mm。 wide; all the spines horny
  and    black…tipped;      flowers    3。5   to  5   cm。   long    with   very   slender    and
  constricted tube; saffron…yellow: fruit green seeds large (3 to 3。2 mm; long
  and    2   mm。    in  diameter);     obliquely    obovate     and   curved;    smooth     and
  brownish。      (Ill。  Cact。   Mex。     Bound。     t。  74。  fig。   8;  seeds)Type;      Schott
  specimens in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
  〃On grassy prairies on the south side of the Babuquibari Mountains;〃
  Sonora。Fl。 July。
  Specimens examined: Sonora (Schott of 1853…4)。
  Dr。 Engelmann   remarks   that the   seeds   of this species   are   larger   than
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  North American Species of Cactus
  those of any other Mamillaria known to him。
  42。 Cactus recurvatus (Engelm。) Kuntze Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 259 (1891)。
  Mamillaria        recurvispinaEngelm。          Syn。    Cact。     265     (1856);     not
  Vries。Mamillaria recurvataEngelm。 Trans。 St。 Louis Acad。 ii。 202 (1863)。
  Globose      or  depressed…globose;       7。5   to  20  cm。    in  diameter;    simple:
  tubercles ovate; deeply grooved; crowded; somewhat imbricate; 10 to 12
  mm。   long:   radial   spines   12   to   20;   bulbous   at   base;   compressed;   rigid;
  recurved or flexuous; 8 to 18 mm。 long; whitish or horny; interwoven with
  adjacent   clusters;   central   spine   solitary   (sometimes   an   additional   upper
  one);  stouter   and   longer   (12 to   20   mm。);   dark;  mostly  strongly  recurved
  and   appressed   (rarely   straightish):   flowers   about   3。5   cm。   long;   yellow
  (brownish…tinged outside): fruit unknown。Type; Schott specimens in Herb。
  Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
  From Sonora to southern Mexico。Fl。 June…August。
  Specimens examined: Sonora (Schott of 1855)。
  43。 Cactus salm…dyckianus(Scheer) Kuntze。 Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261
  (1891)。
  Mamillaria      salm…dyckianaScheer          in  Salm;    Cact。   Hort。    Dyck。     134
  (1850)。
  Subglobose:   tubercles   very   broad   and   retuse;   almost   2…parted   by   the
  tomentose groove; with axillary floccose wool: radial spines 7 or 8; very
  rigid;   widely     radiant;   somewhat      curved;    3  to  3。5   cm。   long;   in  older
  tubercles   3   to   6   additional   slender   and   straight   or   twisted   spines;   the
  solitary central spine very stout; erect; almost 5 cm。 long: flowers and fruit
  unknown。Type:   Scheer   says   that   this   plant;   brought   from   Chihuahua   by
  Potts;    〃unfortunately      perished;〃    and   the   description     was   drawn     from
  fragments; which in those days were not apt to be preserved。
  Chihuahua。
  Specimens examined: Chihuahua (〃Salm of 1857 〃)。
  The specimen referred to is in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。; and reveals no
  additional     characters;    nor   can   the   label  be   interpreted;    except    that  it
  indicates   that   the   specimen   is   from   plants   cultivated   successfully   in   the
  gardens of Prince Salm…Dyck。
  ++ Flower and fruit remaining central in the very woolly vertexof the
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  North American Species of Cactus
  plant。++ Central spine solitary or wanting。
  44。 Cactus compactus (Engelm。) Kuntze Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 260 (1891)。
  Mamillaria compactaEngelm。 Wisliz。 Rep。 21 (1848)。
  Depressed…globose;  5   to   10   cm。   in   diameter;   simple:   tubercles   short…
  conical; crowded; 8 mm。 long: radial spines 13 to 16; rigid; recurved and
  appressed;  interwoven  with   adjacent   clusters;  whitish   or   horny;  10   to   20
  mm。 long; the erect central spine often wanting: flowers 3 to 3。5 cm。 long
  and   broad;   yellow   (brownish   without):   fruit   oval;   green:   seeds   1。4   mm。
  long; smooth and yellow。 (Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 74。 fig。 2; seeds)Type;
  Wislizenus of 1846 in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
  Mountains of Chihuahua。Fl。 June…July。
  Specimens        examined:      Chihuahua       (Wislizenus       of   1846):     also
  specimens cultivated in St。 Louis in 1848; 1850; 1854。
  45。 Cactus radians。 (DC。) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 (1891)。
  Mamillaria        radiansDC。        Rev。      Cact。     111      (1829)。Mamillaria
  pectinataEngelm Syn。 Cact。 266 (1856)。
  Globose; 3。5 to 7。5 cm。 in diameter; simple: tubercles conical; from a
  4…angled base; lower ones short (4 to 6 mm。); upper flower…bearing ones
  longer     (10  to  12   mm。);    terete   and   grooved:    radial   spines   16   to  24;
  somewhat recurved from a bulbous compressed base; stiff and pectinate;
  horny or whitish (at length ashy); interwoven with adjacent clusters; those
  on lower tubercles about equal (6 to 10 mm。); on flower…bearing tubercles
  elongated; mixed with a few stouter ones and fasciculated (lower ones 10
  to 12 mm。 long; upper ones 12 to 18 mm。 long and forming an apical tuft);
  centrals none: flowers over 5 cm。 long and about 6 to 7。5 cm。 in diameter
  when   expanded;   bright   sulphur…yellow:   fruit   ovate   and   green;   about   12
  mm。 long: seeds compressed; brownish smooth and shining; 1。8 mm。 long。
  (Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 11)Type unknown; that of M。 pectinata Engelm。
  is the Wright material in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
  Extending      from    the   hills   along    the   Lower     Pecos    to  El   Paso;
  southwestern Texas; southward through Coahuila and San Luis Potosi to
  southern Mexico。
  Specimens examined: Texas (Wright 226 of 1849; also of 1852; Evans
  of 1891): Coahuila (Palmer of 1880; Mrs。 Nickels): San Luis Potosi (Parry
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  North American Species of Cactus
  & Palmer 265; Eschanzier of 1891): also specimens cultivated in St。 Louis
  in 1853; in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 in 1892; and in Harv。 Bot Gard。
  Even   in   the   absence   of   the   type   I   have   ventured   to   refer   Mamillaria
  pectinata   Engelm。   to   this   species。Dr。   Engelmann   had   concluded   that   the
  two    were    〃not   sufficiently   distinct;〃   and   the   examination      of  Mexican
  forms       which      pass     as    C。     radians     abundantly        confirms      this
  conclusion。Besides;         every   character    in   the  original    description    of   C。
  radians     applies    exactly    to  these    Mexican      plants   and    to  our   Texan
  specimens as well。Aside from the fact that the Mexican spe