第 8 节
作者:老山文学      更新:2021-02-20 04:46      字数:9322
  into those of ennui; as in the earlier scenes of Divorcons; or it grows sweet
  as summer with joy; or cracks and breaks outright; out of all music; and
  out of all control。       Passion breaks it so for her。
  As   for   her   inarticulate   sounds;   which   are   the   more   intimate   and   the
  truer   words   of   her   meaning;   they;   too;   are   Italian   and   natural。   English
  women;   for   instance;       do   not   make   them。      They   are     sounds   e   bouche
  fermee;   at   once   private   and   irrepressible。       They   are   not   demonstrations
  intended   for   the   ears   of   others;   they   are   her   own。   Other   actresses;   even
  English;   and   even American;   know   how   to   make   inarticulate   cries;   with
  open   mouth;   Signora   Duse's   noise   is   not   a   cry;   it   is   her   very   thought
  audible … the thought of the woman she is playing; who does not at every
  moment   give   exact   words   to   her   thought;   but   does   give   it   significant
  sound。
  When   la   femme   de   Claude   is   trapped   by   the   man   who   has   come   in
  search of the husband's secret; and when she is obliged to sit and listen to
  her own evil history as he tells it her; she does not interrupt the telling with
  the outcries that might be imagined by a lesser actress; she accompanies it。
  Her lips are close; but her throat is vocal。              None who heard it can forget
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  the speech…within…speech of one of these comprehensive noises。                        It   was
  when the man spoke; for her further confusion; of the slavery to which she
  had reduced her lovers; she followed him; aloof; with a twang of triumph。
  If   Parisians   say;   as   they   do;   that   she   makes   a   bad   Parisienne;   it   is
  because she can be too nearly a woman untamed。                   They have accused her
  of lack of elegance … in that supper scene of La Dame aux Camelias; for
  instance;   taking   for   ill…breeding;   in   her   Marguerite;   that   which   is   Italian
  merely and simple。          Whether; again; Cyprienne; in Divorcons; can at all
  be considered a lady may be a question; but this is quite unquestionable …
  that she is rather more a lady; and not less; when Signora Duse makes her
  a savage。      But really the result is not at all Parisian。
  It seems possible that the French sense does not well distinguish; and
  has no fine perception of that affinity with the peasant which remains with
  the great ladies of the old civilisation of Italy; and has so long disappeared
  from those of the younger civilisations of France and England … a paradox。
  The peasant's gravity; directness; and carelessness … a kind of uncouthness
  which is neither graceless nor; in any intolerable English sense; vulgar …
  are to be found in the unceremonious moments of every cisalpine woman;
  however elect her birth and select her conditions。                In Italy the lady is not
  a   creature   described   by   negatives;   as   an   author   who   is   always   right   has
  defined the lady  to   be in   England。         Even   in  France she is not that;   and
  between the Frenchwoman and the Italian there are the Alps。                      In a word;
  the   educated   Italian   mondaine   is;   in   the   sense   (also   untranslatable)   of
  singular;   insular;   and   absolutely   British   usage;   a   Native。    None   the   less
  would she be surprised to find herself accused of a lack of dignity。
  As to intelligence … a little intelligence is sufficiently dramatic; if it is
  single。     A   child    doing   one    thing   at  a  time   and   doing    it  completely;
  produces   to   the   eye   a   better impression of   mental life than one   receives
  from … well; from a lecturer。
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  DONKEY RACES
  English   acting   had   for   some   time   past   still   been   making   a   feint   of
  running the race that wins。         The retort; the interruption; the call; the reply;
  the surprise; had yet kept a spoilt tradition of suddenness and life。                  You
  had; indeed; to wait for an interruption in dialogue … it is true you had to
  wait   for   it;   so   had   the   interrupted   speaker   on   the   stage。 But   when   the
  interruption came; it had still a false air of vivacity; and the waiting of the
  interrupted one was so ill done; with so roving an eye and such an arrest
  and failure of convention; such a confession of a blank; as to prove that
  there   remained   a   kind   of   reluctant   and   inexpert   sense   of   movement。    It
  still  seemed     as   though    the  actor   and   the   actress   acknowledged       some
  forward tendency。
  Not   so now。      The  serious   stage  is   openly  the  scene of   the  race   that
  loses。    The donkey race is candidly the model of the talk in every tragedy
  that has a chance of popular success。           Who shall be last? The hands of the
  public   are   for   him;   or   for   her。 A  certain   actress   who   has   〃come   to   the
  front of her profession〃 holds; for a time; the record of delay。                〃Come to
  the   front;〃   do   they   say?  Surely   the   front   of   her   profession   must   have
  moved   in   retreat;   to   gain   upon   her   tardiness。 It   must   have   become   the
  back of her profession before ever it came up with her。
  It should rejoice those who enter for this kind of racing that the record
  need never finally be beaten。         The possibilities of success are incalculable。
  The play  has   perforce to be   finished   in a  night;  it   is   true; but   the  minor
  characters; the subordinate actors; can be made to bear the burden of that
  necessity。     The principals; or those who have come 〃to the front of their
  profession;〃 have an almost unlimited opportunity and liberty of lagging。
  Besides; the competitor in a donkey race is not; let it be borne in mind;
  limited to the practice of his own tediousness。             Part of his victory is to be
  ascribed to his influence upon others。            It may be that a determined actor …
  a man of more than common strength of will … may so cause his colleague
  to get on (let us say 〃get on;〃 for everything in this world is relative); may
  so; then; compel the other actor; with whom he is in conversation; to get
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  on;   as   to   secure   his   own   final   triumph   by   indirect   means   as   well   as   by
  direct。 To be plain; for the sake of those unfamiliar with the sports of the
  village; the rider in a donkey race may; and does; cudgel the mounts of his
  rivals。
  Consider;      therefore;    how    encouraging      the   prospect    really   is。  The
  individual   actor   may   fail   …   in   fact;  he   must。    Where   two      people    ride
  together on horseback; the married have ever been warned; one must ride
  behind。     And when two people are speaking slowly one must needs be the
  slowest。      Comparative        success     implies    the   comparative      failure。    But
  where this actor or that actress fails; the great cause of slowness profits;
  obviously。       The record is advanced。 Pshaw! the word 〃advanced〃 comes
  unadvised       to  the  pen。    It   is  difficult  to  remember       in  what    a  fatuous
  theatrical Royal Presence one is doing this criticism; and how one's words
  should   go   backwards;  without   exception; in   homage  to   this symbol   of   a
  throne。
  It is not long since there took place upon the principal stage in London
  the most important event in donkey…racing ever known until that first night。
  A tragedian and a secondary actor of renown had a duet together。                       It was
  in   〃The    Dead     Heart。〃     No    one    who    heard    it  can  possibly     have    yet
  forgotten     it。  The     two   men    used    echoes    of  one    another's    voice;   then
  outpaused   each other。         It   was   a   contest so   determined; so unrelaxed;   so
  deadly;   so   inveterate   that   you   might   have   slept   between   its   encounters。
  You did sleep。       These men were strong men; and knew what they wanted。
  It is tremendous to watch the struggle of such resolves。                    They had their
  purpose   in   their   grasp;   their   teeth   were   set;   their   will   was   iron。 They
  were foot to foot。
  And next morning you saw by the papers that the secondary; but still
  renowned;   actor;   had   succeeded   in   sharing